am briefing: autonomy and big data for defence
TRANSCRIPT
Innovation Network event 21 October 2015
Jim Pennycook
CDE Head of Operations
Military capability
Advantage
Persistent
The aim of CDE
Rapid technology change
Defence
Other markets
Utilisation
CDE evolution
Years
CDE directive
Prove the value of innovative,
high-risk, high-potential-benefit
research to enable
development of cost-effective
military capability advantage
Defence White Paper – National Security Through Technology Feb 2012
Defence and security
First point of contact
‘CDE remains our first point of
contact for those who wish to
submit a research idea to the
MOD.’
Defence White Paper – National Security Through Technology Feb 2012
Support to SMEs
Routes to market
CDE operating principles
Engage with innovators
Funded opportunities
Participation costs
Risk
Intellectual property
Managing innovation
Proof of concept
Development
Innovation Future capability
CDE MOD + investors
CDE competition space
Technology innovation lifecycle
Original idea Capability
Technology innovation lifecycle
Uptake /
commercialisation Pre-commercial
development
TRL 1 TRL 2 TRL 3 TRL 4 TRL 5 TRL 6 TRL 7 TRL8 TRL 9
Experimental
research
Technology
implementation Applied research
Curiosity
driven
research
CDE competition space
Pre-commercial development
TRL 3 TRL 4 TRL 5 TRL 6
Applied research
Solution exploration Prototyping/test products
Phase 1 Phase 2
Phase 1
TRL 7
TRL 2
CDE competition space
Pre Commercial Development
Solution exploration Prototyping/test products
Phase 2
TRL 3
TRL 4
TRL 5
TRL 6
Two routes to funding
Enduring
Themed
Not classified
Enduring
competition
Themed
competition
£ 7M
Enduring competition
Enduring challenges
Framework
Challenge framework
Protection Lethality
Human performance
Mobility
Situational awareness
Communication Data
Power
Lower cost of ownership
Themed competition
Competitions this year
Theme Value
Open-source big data insight £2.25M
Persistent surveillance from the air £2.25M
Agile, immersive training £2.25M
What's inside that building? £1.15M
Understand and interact with cyberspace £1.00M
Current competitions
Theme Value
Security for the internet of things £2M
Autonomy and big data for defence £4M
Future competitions
Theme Value
Synthetic biology for defence £2M
Prevention and treatment of tinnitus £1M
Online bid submission
Portal upgrade
How has CDE performed?
CDE in numbers
5938 proposals received 57%
CDE in numbers
17% of proposals funded
20% 13%
E T
CDE in numbers
934 contracts placed 43%
CDE in numbers
£57.9M invested
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
What’s next for CDE?
Innovation Network events
Innovation Network events
Date Theme
10 Feb 2016 Synthetic biology for defence
11 Feb 2016 Prevention and treatment of tinnitus
Sign up to get updates
www.gov.uk/dstl/cde
A successful proposal
A successful proposal
Today’s competition
Autonomy and big data
Questions
Innovation Network event 21 October 2015
21 October 2015
Paul Winstanley
Simon Christoforato
Paul Day
UK Defence Solutions Centre
“Spearheading Innovation in Defence Exports”
Page 50
Context
Three major paradigm shifts impacting defence:
• Increasingly customers seek tailored solutions to meet their
specific needs; especially through collaboration and
partnership
• To deliver the most effective defence capability the defence
sector must harness technological innovation from all possible
sources.
• Need for innovative ways to fund investment for the
development and delivery of future world class defence
capabilities
To address this we need a new approach to defence innovation
Page 51
The Defence Growth Partnership
“UK Government and Industry
working together to meet the
needs of customers around
the globe”
Page 52
A unique partnership between UK Government and UK defence industry
We’re growing the UK defence industry making it a world leading centre of innovation
We use an objective, market led approach to deliver unmatched international collaboration and innovation by bringing new, collective and impartial insight
We work with:
• International Governments
• Defence Industry
• Small & Medium Enterprises
• Academia
• Investors
What is the UK DSC?
“UK Value
Chain”
Page 53
The Global Market Opportunity
2
Page 54
UK DSC video
Page 55
Concepts &
Solutions
Our Ecosystem
Customer
Requirements
Analysis
Emerging view of customer needs
Opportunity to shape nascent customer thinking, show “art of the possible” and showcase “Big Ideas”
Innovative Solutions thinking Informed by comprehensive view of UK capabilities
Wider engagement in UK value chain brings new, preferably disruptive capabilities into the mix
New, or enhanced capability required to meet market need is defined by gap analysis
Enhanced capability “palette” from which to develop innovative solutions
Capability
Development
Partnering
Investment
Interventions
Page 56
UKDSC Engagement
Page 57
Innovation
• Defence will not be the prime
driver behind new developments
• Opportunity to leverage
technology base outside defence
• Open Innovation
• Sources
• Building on work from the previous
DGP activities, such as;
- Intelligent Systems
- UAS
• Plus other UK initiatives such as
- UK Eight Great Technologies
Page 58
Innovation Challenge Scope
Persistent
Surveillance
Small SWaP
Sensors
Persistent
Surveillance
Data
Analysis
Deployable
Autonomy
Simulation &
Training
M
o
D
Market Research
I
n
d
u
s
t
r
y
External Innovations
Page 59
Innovation Challenge Scope
Big
Data
For Defence
Autonomy
Persistent
Surveillance
Data
Analysis
Deployable
Autonomy
Innovation Network event 21 October 2015
Dstl is part of the
Ministry of Defence
Autonomy and the military user Lt Col Andy Simpson RL
SO1 Fighting Vehicle Systems Dstl
22 October 2015
Photo: Lockheed Martin
Dstl is part of the
Ministry of Defence
22 October 2015
• SDSR 10. ‘We will continue the most essential investment
in S&T. We will focus investment on developing
capabilities and countering threats in key areas, such as
autonomous systems, sensors, new materials including
nanotechnology, cyber and space’.
• Defence Strategic Guidance. ‘In aggregate, the 2015
SDSR work streams on capabilities, industry and exports
must consider the role and effects of greater
autonomy… gathering and countering intelligence in
distributed networks and infrastructures, and open
innovation’.
Context
Dstl is part of the
Ministry of Defence
22 October 2015
MOD’s Future Operating Environment 35 paper
highlights the future importance of Robotic and
Autonomous Systems. In doing so, it notes they
are unlikely to replace service personnel in the
near and medium term, rather they will augment
their capabilities.
Am I soon out of a job?
Dstl is part of the
Ministry of Defence
22 October 2015
•Enhance C4ISTAR
•Tasks within dirty and dangerous environments
•Logistics support, including CASEVAC
•Force protection tasks
•Generate mass or multiple points of presence
•Conduct dull tasks
•Operating within/above/under structures
Augment what sort of capabilities?
Dstl is part of the
Ministry of Defence
22 October 2015
Photo: ASV
Dstl is part of the
Ministry of Defence
Why we are here today…
22 October 2015
•MOD will need to use autonomous vehicles in
complex environments in the air, on land and at
sea where there’s limited or out-of-date prior
knowledge about the terrain or environment.
•The autonomous vehicles will have on-board
sensors but these may be limited by the need to
be covert or to operate in harsh electro-
magnetic environments, eg GPS degraded or
denied environments.
Dstl is part of the
Ministry of Defence
22 October 2015
Maybe not this….
Dstl is part of the
Ministry of Defence
22 October 2015
But this….
Innovation Network event 21 October 2015
UK OFFICIAL
Autonomy and big data for defence
Challenge 1: acquiring data for autonomous vehicles
Mark Emerton
© Crown copyright 2014 Dstl
22 October 2015
21 October 2015
UK OFFICIAL
Overview
• MOD autonomy research
• Autonomy levels
• Case study: civilian autonomous vehicles
• Military constraints
• What we want
• What we don’t want
© Crown copyright 2015 Dstl
22 October 2015
UK OFFICIAL
MOD autonomy research:
© Crown copyright 2015 Dstl
22 October 2015
Air
Land
Naval
Ship Systems
and Integrated
Survivability
Maritime
Freedom of
Manoeuvre
Unmanned Aircraft Systems
Defence
Logistics and
Support
Land Environment
Decision Support
Knife / Academic
Centre for Defence Enterprise
Integrated Sensing
Close Combat
Systems
UK OFFICIAL
Autonomy levels:
© Crown copyright 2015 Dstl
22 October 2015
‘Traditional’ autonomy scale:
UK OFFICIAL © Crown copyright 2015 Dstl
22 October 2015
Autonomy Levels for Unmanned Systems (ALFUS)
UK OFFICIAL © Crown copyright 2015 Dstl
22 October 2015
Autonomy Levels for Unmanned Systems (ALFUS)
UK OFFICIAL © Crown copyright 2015 Dstl
22 October 2015
Case study: civilian autonomous car
UK OFFICIAL © Crown copyright 2015 Dstl
22 October 2015
Case study: civilian autonomous car
UK OFFICIAL © Crown copyright 2015 Dstl
22 October 2015
Case study: civilian autonomous car
UK OFFICIAL © Crown copyright 2015 Dstl
22 October 2015
Achieving more autonomy in military platforms
(air, land and sea) can be achieved by providing
timely and accurate ‘prior knowledge’ of the
operating environment to simplify the local
sensing and interpretation task
Opportunity
UK OFFICIAL
Known challenges
• GPS-denied environments
• Dependability of civilian infrastructure
• Harsh electromagnetic environments
• Cyber threats
• Physical threats
© Crown copyright 2015 Dstl
22 October 2015
UK OFFICIAL © Crown copyright 2015 Dstl
22 October 2015
- Methods of acquiring prior knowledge of environments
for use by autonomous platforms, land, sea and air
- Methods of processing data sets to simplify or enable
their use by autonomous platforms
- Methods of exploiting prior knowledge to achieve
greater levels of autonomy in future platforms
What we want:
UK OFFICIAL © Crown copyright 2015 Dstl
22 October 2015
- Vehicle platform technologies (eg airframes or
propulsion)
- Platform architectures
- Intent or threat profiling
What we don’t want:
Innovation Network event 21 October 2015
Simon Christoforato
Head of Solutions, UK DSC
Autonomy –
defence exploitation and
exportability
Page 87
Autonomy – a UK strength
Image: Transport Systems Catapult
Page 88
Defence exploitation - logistics
Time
Fully Autonomous
vehicles Soldier
resupply
Logistic Convoy
Part Task Autonomy
Applique Kits
Air Delivery
…..Practical experimentation is key
Images: Lockheed Martin
Image: Boston Dynamics
Image: Scania
Image: Amazon
Image: RDM Group
Page 89
Defence export opportunities
Image: IBTimes Image: QinetiQ
Coffee break
Autonomy and big data for defence:
Military overview
Lt Col D W Somerville MBE BSc CEng MIET
UK OFFICIAL
Why?
UK OFFICIAL
How do we, the UK military, win?
• In the past…..
• In the current…..
• In the future…..
UK OFFICIAL
UK OFFICIAL
Boyd’s OODA loop
Observe Decide Act
Action
(Test)
Implicit Guidance & ControlImplicit Guidance
& Control
Observations
Unfolding
Circumstances
Outside
Information
Unfolding
Interaction
With Environment
Unfolding
Interaction
With
Environment
Orientate
Decision
Feedback
Feedback
J. R. Boyd, “the Essence of Winning and
Losing,” 1995.
Cultural
Traditions
Genetic
Heritage
New
InformationPrevious
Experience
Analyses &
Synthesis
Observe Decide Act
Action
(Test)
Implicit Guidance & ControlImplicit Guidance
& Control
Observations
Unfolding
Circumstances
Outside
Information
Unfolding
Interaction
With Environment
Unfolding
Interaction
With
Environment
Orientate
Decision
Feedback
Feedback
J. R. Boyd, “the Essence of Winning and
Losing,” 1995.
Cultural
Traditions
Genetic
Heritage
New
InformationPrevious
Experience
Analyses &
Synthesis
Cultural
Traditions
Genetic
Heritage
New
InformationPrevious
Experience
Analyses &
Synthesis
UK OFFICIAL
• 640 TB data transferred every minute via internet;
• Cost per Giga-FLOP:
– 2000 - $1,300.00
– 2015 - $0.08
• 90% of world’s data generated in last 2 years
• 1 Zettabyte per year generated by 2015 (to the moon
and back in stacked CD’s)
• ~ 290TB per hour generated by Wide Area
Surveillance Sensors
• ~10TB data per UAV sortie generated;
• TB’s to PB’s of unstructured data (text, imagery, video,
audio) generated on operations.
UK OFFICIAL-SENSITIVE UK OFFICIAL
Boyd’s OODA loop Observe Decide Act
Action
(Test)
Implicit Guidance & ControlImplicit Guidance
& Control
Observations
Unfolding
Circumstances
Outside
Information
Unfolding
Interaction
With Environment
Unfolding
Interaction
With
Environment
Orientate
Decision
Feedback
Feedback
J. R. Boyd, “the Essence of Winning and
Losing,” 1995.
Cultural
Traditions
Genetic
Heritage
New
InformationPrevious
Experience
Analyses &
Synthesis
Observe Decide Act
Action
(Test)
Implicit Guidance & ControlImplicit Guidance
& Control
Observations
Unfolding
Circumstances
Outside
Information
Unfolding
Interaction
With Environment
Unfolding
Interaction
With
Environment
Orientate
Decision
Feedback
Feedback
J. R. Boyd, “the Essence of Winning and
Losing,” 1995.
Cultural
Traditions
Genetic
Heritage
New
InformationPrevious
Experience
Analyses &
Synthesis
Cultural
Traditions
Genetic
Heritage
New
InformationPrevious
Experience
Analyses &
Synthesis
UK OFFICIAL
Other factors
• Legality – rules of engagement
• Morality
• Media
• Political acceptability
• Historical review
• Public appetite
UK OFFICIAL
Large-scale face
recognition
UK OFFICIAL-SENSITIVE UK OFFICIAL
Big data
vignettes
Why?
UK OFFICIAL
Innovation Network event 21 October 2015
Big data for defence
CDE competition: challenges 2-4
Duncan Abercrombie
© Crown copyright 2014 Dstl
22 October 2015
Transforming the defence intelligence
community • How we traditionally conduct intelligence
© Crown copyright 2014 Dstl
22 October 2015
SWORD beach - 6 Jun 1944 Chain Home
Images from Defence Imagery Database
Transforming the defence intelligence
community
• How we will conduct intelligence in the future
© Crown copyright 2014 Dstl
22 October 2015
Image from Flickr. Credit: Christian Schnettelker www.manoftaste.de
Challenge 2: sourcing big data in
difficult environments • Variety of sources (on-board and off-board)
• Low bandwidth
• Hostile environment
• Limited computing power
• Few human resources
• Firewalls / security
© Crown copyright 2014 Dstl
22 October 2015
Images from Defence Imagery Database
Challenge 3: validating sources of
big data
• There will be multiple sources of data:
– trusted
– classified
– unvalidated
– open and ambiguous
• Decision making will require a
confidence and reliability of all sources
© Crown copyright 2014 Dstl
22 October 2015
Images from Defence Imagery Database
Challenge 4: managing and
visualising big data
• Collection systems will produce
large volumes of data that could
overwhelm analysts
• Data will be from
– Multiple sensors
– Diverse sensors
– Persistent sensors
© Crown copyright 2014 Dstl
22 October 2015
Images from Defence Imagery Database
Innovation Network event 21 October 2015
Paul Day
Capability Development, UK DSC
Big data for defence
Challenge 2: Sourcing in difficult environments
The Adversary
Information Assurance
Image: CNMEonline
Image: Raytheon.
Image: Raytheon.
Image: MOD, Crown Copyright
Challenge 3: Validating sources
Challenge 4: Managing and visualising
Export and exploitation
Image: iRevolution.wordpress.com.
Image: iRevolution.wordpress.com. Image: Crown Copyright.
Innovation Network event 21 October 2015
Gemma Moxham
Themed Competition Manager
Autonomy and big data
How will the
competition work?
What’s different?
Autonomy and big data
Technology challenges
Proposed by UKDSC
Meets MOD needs
Funded by MOD
Who’s here and why?
CDE
Dstl
UKDSC
Know who you’re talking to
Face-to-face meetings
In confidence
NDA with UKDSC
Assessors
Dstl personnel
UKDSC secondees
NDA
Technical partners
Dstl personnel
MOD contract
UKDSC opportunities
Phase 1
Cost
Scope
Tim
e
Up to 6 months
Up to £100k
Proof of concept
Up to £2 million available
6 to 8 months duration
Collaboration
Phase 2
What’s the same?
www.gov.uk/dstl/cde
Funded opportunities
Online bid submission
Risk
Intellectual property
A successful proposal
What do we want?
Autonomy and big data
Challenge
Acquiring data for autonomous
vehicles
1
Autonomy and big data
Challenge
Sourcing big data in difficult
environments
2
Autonomy and big data
Challenge
Validating sources of big data
3
Autonomy and big data
Challenge
Managing and visualising big
data
4
What we don’t want
Paper-based studies
Marginal improvements
Limited benefit to defence
Project deliverables
A sound body of evidence
Demonstration of deliverable
Proposal for Phase-2 activity
Competition dates
Webinar:
3 November 2015
Start to place contracts:
Competition dates
Early January 2016
Phase 1 research delivered by:
Competition dates
30 June 2016
Marketplace and Phase 2 funding
decisions
Dates
July 2016
Competition closes
11 November 2015 at 5pm
Nov
5 11 2015
www.gov.uk/dstl/cde
Questions
Innovation Network event 21 October 2015