ALCATEL-LUCENT Enterprise Sollutions Div. IP Networking Portfolio I

IP Networking Solutions with OmniSwitch 6850 Product Family Boilerplate Document

Table of ContentsDisclaimer _____________________________________________________________________19 Trademark Text _________________________________________________________________19 Revision History ________________________________________________________________19 Alcatel-Lucent Company Background _______________________________________________20 About Boilerplate _______________________________________________________________21 About Alcatel-Lucent O/S (AOS) ___________________________________________________22 OmniSwitch 6850 Series / Marketing ________________________________________________23Introduction _________________________________________________________________________ 23 The OmniSwitch 6850 Family __________________________________________________________ 24Key Customer Benefits ________________________________________________________________________ 24 Power Supply Options _________________________________________________________________________ 32 Gigabit Ethernet at the Edge ____________________________________________________________________ 33 Intelligence at the Core ________________________________________________________________________ 33 Performance ________________________________________________________________________________ 33 10-Gigabit Ethernet Applications ________________________________________________________________ 33 Carrier-Class for the Enterprise __________________________________________________________________ 34 Secure Networking ___________________________________________________________________________ 34 Alcatel-Lucent Access Guardian and OmniVista 2770 Quarantine Manager _________________________ 35 High Availability _____________________________________________________________________________ 35 Advanced QoS_______________________________________________________________________________ 36 IPv6 Support ________________________________________________________________________________ 36 Compliancy _________________________________________________________________________________ 36 WebView ___________________________________________________________________________________ 36 CLI _______________________________________________________________________________________ 36 Simplified Manageability ______________________________________________________________________ 37 OneTouch Network Management ____________________________________________________________ 37

OmniSwitch 6850 Series / Technical ________________________________________________38Network Positioning and Applications ___________________________________________________ 38Gigabit to the Desktop Applications ______________________________________________________________ 39 Server Aggregation ___________________________________________________________________________ 40 L3 Aggregation/Distribution ____________________________________________________________________ 41 Enterprise Small Core Capacity _________________________________________________________________ 42 Residential / Metro Triple-play Ethernet Access _____________________________________________________ 43 Triple-Play Switching _________________________________________________________________________ 44 Combo Port Application Example ________________________________________________________________ 44

Hardware Overview __________________________________________________________________ 45OmniSwitch 6850 Series _______________________________________________________________________ 45 OmniSwitch 6850-24 _______________________________________________________________________ 51 OmniSwitch 6850-24 Specifications __________________________________________________________ 52 OmniSwitch 6850-48 _______________________________________________________________________ 53 OmniSwitch 6850-48 Specifications __________________________________________________________ 54 OmniSwitch 6850-24X______________________________________________________________________ 55 OmniSwitch 6850-24X Specifications ________________________________________________________ 56 OmniSwitch 6850-48X______________________________________________________________________ 57 OS6850 Series Boilerplate Doc. Rev.6.0 / Feb. 2008 Page 1 Software & Hardware Release: AOSv6.3.1r01 Alcatel-Lucent-ESD Calabasas/CA./USA

OmniSwitch 6850-48X Specifications ________________________________________________________ 58 OmniSwitch 6850-P24 ______________________________________________________________________ 59 OmniSwitch 6850-P24 Specifications _________________________________________________________ 60 OmniSwitch 6850-P48 ______________________________________________________________________ 61 OmniSwitch 6850-P48 Specifications _________________________________________________________ 62 OmniSwitch 6850-P24X ____________________________________________________________________ 63 OmniSwitch 6850-P24X Specifications _______________________________________________________ 64 OmniSwitch 6850-P48X ____________________________________________________________________ 65 OmniSwitch 6850-P48X Specifications _______________________________________________________ 66 OmniSwitch 6850-U24X ____________________________________________________________________ 67 OmniSwitch 6850-U24X Specifications _______________________________________________________ 68 OmniSwitch 6850-24L ______________________________________________________________________ 69 OmniSwitch 6850-24L Specifications_________________________________________________________ 70 OmniSwitch 6850-P24L ____________________________________________________________________ 71 OmniSwitch 6850-P24L Specifications _______________________________________________________ 72 OmniSwitch 6850-48L ______________________________________________________________________ 73 OmniSwitch 6850-48L Specifications_________________________________________________________ 74 OmniSwitch 6850-P48L ____________________________________________________________________ 75 OmniSwitch 6850-P48L Specifications _______________________________________________________ 76 Rear Panel _______________________________________________________________________________ 77 Status LEDs ______________________________________________________________________________ 78 10/100/1000 LEDs________________________________________________________________________ 79 1000 SFP LEDs __________________________________________________________________________ 79 10000 XFP LEDs ________________________________________________________________________ 79 Chassis Rear Panel ___________________________________________________________________________ 79 Architecture _________________________________________________________________________________ 80 The OmniSwitch 6850-48 & P48 Internal Architecture ___________________________________________ 80 The OmniSwitch 6850-48X & P48X Internal Architecture ________________________________________ 81 The OmniSwitch 6850-24 & P24 Internal Architecture ___________________________________________ 82 The OmniSwitch 6850-24X & P24X Internal Architecture ________________________________________ 83 OmniSwitch 6850 -- Fiber Optics Transceivers Technical Specifications Overview _________________________ 84 Small Form Factor Pluggable (SFP M SA) _____________________________________________________ 86 Handling Fiber and Fiber Optic Connectors ___________________________________________________ 87 Coarse Wave Division Multiplexing (CWDM) __________________________________________________ 98 10Gbps Small Form Factor Pluggable (XFPs) _________________________________________________ 102 Eye Safety _____________________________________________________________________________ 102 XFP-10G Specifications __________________________________________________________________ 103 Pin-Outs ___________________________________________________________________________________ 105 RJ-45 Console Port Connector Pinouts _____________________________________________________ 105 RJ-45 Console Port Connector Pinouts _____________________________________________________ 105 10/100M bps Ethernet Port RJ-45 Pinouts (Non-PoE) ___________________________________________ 105 Pow er over Ethernet Port RJ-45 Pinouts (with PoE) ___________________________________________ 105 1 Gigabit Ethernet Port RJ-45 Pinouts (Non-PoE)______________________________________________ 105 10/100/1000Mbps Power over Ethernet Port -RJ-45 Pinouts _____________________________________ 106 Console Port / Serial Connection Default Settings ______________________________________________ 106 OS6850 DB-25 POWER CONNECTOR PIN-OUT _____________________________________________ 107 Availability Feature __________________________________________________________________________ 108 Software Rollback ________________________________________________________________________ 108 Backup Power Supplies ____________________________________________________________________ 108 Hot Swapping ____________________________________________________________________________ 108 Hardware Monitoring _____________________________________________________________________ 109 Automatic Monitoring ____________________________________________________________________ 109 LEDs _________________________________________________________________________________ 109 User-Driven Monitoring __________________________________________________________________ 109 Auto negotiation Guidelines ___________________________________________________________________ 109 OS6850 Series Boilerplate Doc. 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Valid Port Settings on OmniSwitch 6850 Series Switches ____________________________________________ 109 10/100/1000 Crossover Supported ______________________________________________________________ 109 10/100 Crossover Supported ___________________________________________________________________ 109 The OmniSwitch 6850 Series Power Supply System ________________________________________________ 110 Pow er Supply Shelf _______________________________________________________________________ 111 Pow er Supply Redundancy _________________________________________________________________ 111 Monitoring Chassis Pow er _________________________________________________________________ 111 Pow er Supply Specifications ________________________________________________________________ 112 Pow er Supply Shelf _______________________________________________________________________ 115 PS-510W-AC Power Supply ________________________________________________________________ 115 PS-360W-AC Power Supply ________________________________________________________________ 116 PS-126W-AC Power Supply ________________________________________________________________ 117 PS-120W-DC Power Supply ________________________________________________________________ 117 Managing OmniSwitch 6850 Series Stacks ________________________________________________________ 118 OmniSwitch 6850 Series Stack Overview _____________________________________________________ 118 Roles w ithin the Stack _____________________________________________________________________ 118 Primary and Secondary Management ________________________________________________________ 118 Primary Management Module Selection ______________________________________________________ 118 Using the Chassis MAC Address ___________________________________________________________ 119 Using Saved Slot Information ______________________________________________________________ 119 Using Switch Uptime ____________________________________________________________________ 119 Secondary Management Module Selection ____________________________________________________ 119 Using the Stacking Connection to the Primary Switch ___________________________________________ 119 Using Saved Slot Information ______________________________________________________________ 119 Idle Module Role _________________________________________________________________________ 120 Pass-Through Mode ______________________________________________________________________ 120 Stack Cabling ____________________________________________________________________________ 121 Redundant Stacking Cable Connection _______________________________________________________ 122 Slot Numbering __________________________________________________________________________ 122 Dynamic Slot Number Assignment __________________________________________________________ 122 Manual Slot Number Assignment ___________________________________________________________ 122 Hot-Swapping Modules in a Stack ___________________________________________________________ 123 Removing Switches from an Existing Stack ___________________________________________________ 123 Inserting Sw itches into an Existing Stack _____________________________________________________ 123 M erging Stacks __________________________________________________________________________ 123 Reloading Switches _______________________________________________________________________ 124 Reloading the Primary Management Module __________________________________________________ 124 Reloading the Secondary Management Module ________________________________________________ 124 Reloading Switches with Idle Roles _________________________________________________________ 124 Reloading Switches in Pass-Through Mode ___________________________________________________ 124 Reloading All Switches in a Stack___________________________________________________________ 124 Software Synchronization During a Full Reload ________________________________________________ 124 Effects of Saved Slot Number Information on the Reload Process __________________________________ 125 Avoiding Split Stacks _____________________________________________________________________ 125 Changing the Secondary Module to Primary __________________________________________________ 126 Synchronizing Switches in a Stack ___________________________________________________________ 126 Automatic Synchronization during a Full Reload ______________________________________________ 126 Monitoring the Stack______________________________________________________________________ 126 Visually Monitoring the Stack______________________________________________________________ 126 Managing Power over Ethernet (PoE) ____________________________________________________________ 127 Pow er over Ethernet Specifications __________________________________________________________ 127 Pow er over Ethernet Defaults ______________________________________________________________ 128 Port Priority Levels _______________________________________________________________________ 128 Capacitor Detection Method________________________________________________________________ 128 Understanding Priority Disconnect __________________________________________________________ 128 OS6850 Series Boilerplate Doc. 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Monitoring Power over Ethernet via CLI _____________________________________________________ 129 Pow er Cords _____________________________________________________________________________ 130 Specifications __________________________________________________________________________ 130 Redundant AC Circuit Recommendation _____________________________________________________ 130 Grounding the Chassis ____________________________________________________________________ 130 Temperature Management _____________________________________________________________________ 130

MTBF Calculation Standards and Requirements _________________________________________ 131 MTBF Calculation Standards and Requirements _________________________________________ 131 Regulatory Compliance and Safety Information __________________________________________ 148Declaration of Conformity: CE Mark ____________________________________________________________ 148 Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Statement ________________________________________ 148 Standards Compliance ________________________________________________________________________ 148 Safety Standards _________________________________________________________________________ 148 EMC Standards __________________________________________________________________________ 149 Safety and Environmental Standards ________________________________________________________ 149 FCC Class A, Part 15 _____________________________________________________________________ 149 Canada Class A Statement _________________________________________________________________ 150 JATE ___________________________________________________________________________________ 150 CISPR22 Class A Warning _________________________________________________________________ 150 VCCI ___________________________________________________________________________________ 150 Class A Warning for Taiwan and Other Chinese M arkets _______________________________________ 150

Translated Safety Warnings ___________________________________________________________ 151Important Warnings __________________________________________________________________________ 151 Blank Panels Warning ____________________________________________________________________ 151 Electrical Storm Warning __________________________________________________________________ 151 Installation Warning ______________________________________________________________________ 151 Invisible Laser Radiation Warning __________________________________________________________ 151 Lithium Battery Warning __________________________________________________________________ 151 Operating Voltage Warning ________________________________________________________________ 151 Pow er Disconnection Warning ______________________________________________________________ 151 Proper Earthing Requirement Warning ______________________________________________________ 151 Read Important Safety Information Warning _________________________________________________ 152 Restricted Access Location Warning _________________________________________________________ 152 Wrist Strap Warning _____________________________________________________________________ 152

OmniSwitch 6850 Series Hardware & Software Features Overview Table ___________________ 153 Alcatel-Lucent AOS Release Briefs _____________________________________________________ 218OVERVIEW _______________________________________________________________________________ 218 Whats New? ____________________________________________________________________________ 219 New Software Features (AOSv6.1.3r01) __________________________________________________________ 219 Feature Summary ________________________________________________________________________ 219 New Software Features (AOSv6.1.5r01) __________________________________________________________ 220 Feature Summary ________________________________________________________________________ 220 New Software Features (AOSv6.2.1r01) __________________________________________________________ 220 Feature Summary ________________________________________________________________________ 220 New Software Features (AOSv6.3.1r01) __________________________________________________________ 221 Feature Summary ________________________________________________________________________ 222 Software Supported __________________________________________________________________________ 223 Feature Summary ________________________________________________________________________ 223

OmniSwitch 6850 Series IETF / IEEE Standards ________________________________________ 315 OmniSwitch 6850 Series Typical RFP Questions & Answers Table _________________________ 320OS6850 Series Boilerplate Doc. Rev.6.0 / Feb. 2008 Page 4 Software & Hardware Release: AOSv6.3.1r01 Alcatel-Lucent-ESD Calabasas/CA./USA

Alcatel-Lucent AOS Value Propositions_____________________________________________333Value ______________________________________________________________________________ 333 High Availability ____________________________________________________________________ 335The Spanning Tree Algorithm and Protocol (STP) __________________________________________________ 337 Spanning Tree Specifications _______________________________________________________________ 337 Spanning Tree Bridge Parameter Defaults ____________________________________________________ 337 Spanning Tree Port Parameter Defaults ______________________________________________________ 338 M ultiple Spanning Tree (MST) Region Defaults _______________________________________________ 338 Ring Rapid Spanning Tree (RRSTP) Defaults _________________________________________________ 338 Spanning Tree Overview __________________________________________________________________ 339 How the Spanning Tree Topology is calculated ________________________________________________ 339 Bridge Protocol Data Units (BPDU) _________________________________________________________ 341 Topology Examples _______________________________________________________________________ 342 Spanning Tree Operating Modes ____________________________________________________________ 344 Using Flat Spanning Tree Mode ____________________________________________________________ 344 Using 1x1 Spanning Tree Mode ____________________________________________________________ 345 Using 1x1 Spanning Tree Mode with PVST+ __________________________________________________ 346 OmniSwitch PVST+ Interoperability ________________________________________________________ 346 802.1q Tagged VLANs ___________________________________________________________________ 346 BPDU Processing in PVST+ Mode__________________________________________________________ 346 Recommendations and Requirements for PVST+ Configurations __________________________________ 346 Configuring STP Bridge Parameters _________________________________________________________ 347 Bridge Configuration Commands Overview ___________________________________________________ 348 Bridge Priority ___________________________________________________________________________ 348 Bridge Hello Time ________________________________________________________________________ 348 Bridge Max Age Time _____________________________________________________________________ 349 Bridge Forward Delay Time ________________________________________________________________ 349 Using Automatic VLAN Containment ________________________________________________________ 350 Configuring STP Port Parameters ___________________________________________________________ 351 Bridge Configuration Commands Overview ___________________________________________________ 351 Enabling/Disabling Spanning Tree on a Port __________________________________________________ 351 Spanning Tree on Link Aggregate Ports ______________________________________________________ 351 Configuring Port Priority__________________________________________________________________ 352 Port Priority on Link Aggregate Ports ________________________________________________________ 352 Configuring Port Path Cost ________________________________________________________________ 352 Path Cost for Link Aggregate Ports__________________________________________________________ 353 Configuring Port Mode ___________________________________________________________________ 354 Mode for Link Aggregate Ports_____________________________________________________________ 354 Configuring Port Connection Type __________________________________________________________ 354 Connection Type on Link Aggregate Ports ____________________________________________________ 355 Using RRSTP ____________________________________________________________________________ 355 Sample Spanning Tree Configuration ________________________________________________________ 356 IEEE 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree ____________________________________________________________ 357 M ST Specifications _______________________________________________________________________ 357 Spanning Tree Bridge Parameter Defaults ____________________________________________________ 357 Spanning Tree Port Parameter Defaults ______________________________________________________ 358 M ST Region Defaults _____________________________________________________________________ 358 M ST General Overview ___________________________________________________________________ 358 How MSTP Works _______________________________________________________________________ 358 Comparing MSTP with STP and RSTP ______________________________________________________ 360 What is a Multiple Spanning Tree Instance (MSTI) ____________________________________________ 360 What is a Multiple Spanning Tree Region ____________________________________________________ 361 What is the Common Spanning Tree _________________________________________________________ 362 OS6850 Series Boilerplate Doc. 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What is the Internal Spanning Tree (IST) Instance _____________________________________________ 362 What is the Common and Internal Spanning Tree Instance ______________________________________ 362 Understanding Spanning Tree Modes ________________________________________________________ 362 M ST Interoperability and Migration_________________________________________________________ 362 M igrating from Flat Mode STP/RSTP to Flat Mode MSTP ______________________________________ 363 M igrating from 1x1 Mode to Flat Mode M STP ________________________________________________ 363 MAC Retention _____________________________________________________________________________ 364 M AC Retention Defaults ___________________________________________________________________ 364 M AC Retention Overview__________________________________________________________________ 364 How MAC Retention Works _______________________________________________________________ 366 M AC Retention After M ultiple Take-Overs ___________________________________________________ 366 M AC Retention Applications _______________________________________________________________ 367 Link Failure _____________________________________________________________________________ 368 Static (OmniChannel) Link Aggregation__________________________________________________________ 369 Static Link Aggregation Specifications _______________________________________________________ 369 Static Link Aggregation Defaults ____________________________________________________________ 369 Static Link Aggregation Overview ___________________________________________________________ 369 Static Link Aggregation Operation __________________________________________________________ 370 Relationship to Other Features _____________________________________________________________ 370 Dynamic (IEEE 802.3ad) Link Aggregation _______________________________________________________ 371 Dynamic Link Aggregation Specifications ____________________________________________________ 371 Dynamic Link Aggregation Default Values____________________________________________________ 372 Dynamic Link Aggregation Overview ________________________________________________________ 372 Dynamic Link Aggregation Operation _______________________________________________________ 373 Relationship to Other Features _____________________________________________________________ 373

Embedded Security __________________________________________________________________ 374Learned Port Security ________________________________________________________________________ 375 Learned port Security Specifications _________________________________________________________ 375 Learned port Security Defaults _____________________________________________________________ 375 Learned Port Security Overview ____________________________________________________________ 376 How LPS Authorizes Source M AC Addresses _________________________________________________ 376 Dynamic Configuration of Authorized MAC Addresses _________________________________________ 377 Static Configuration of Authorized M AC Addresses ____________________________________________ 377 Understanding the LPS Table ______________________________________________________________ 377 Selecting the Security Violation Mode ________________________________________________________ 377 IP-Directed Broadcasts _______________________________________________________________________ 378 Denial of Service (DoS) Filtering _______________________________________________________________ 378 Authenticated VLANs (A-VLANs)______________________________________________________________ 379 Authenticated Network Overview ___________________________________________________________ 379 Authentication Clients_____________________________________________________________________ 380 Telnet Authentication Client _______________________________________________________________ 380 Web Browser Authentication Client _________________________________________________________ 380 SSL for Web Browser Clients ______________________________________________________________ 380 The AV-Client __________________________________________________________________________ 381 The AV-Client & DHCP __________________________________________________________________ 381 Delay for IP Address Request ______________________________________________________________ 381 Releasing the IP Address__________________________________________________________________ 381 Port Binding and Authenticated VLANs ______________________________________________________ 382 The Server Authority Mode ________________________________________________________________ 382 Single Mode ___________________________________________________________________________ 382 Multiple Mode __________________________________________________________________________ 382 User Network Profile_____________________________________________________________________ 383 IEEE 802.1X _______________________________________________________________________________ 384 IEEE 802.1X Specifications ________________________________________________________________ 384 OS6850 Series Boilerplate Doc. Rev.6.0 / Feb. 2008 Page 6 Software & Hardware Release: AOSv6.3.1r01 Alcatel-Lucent-ESD Calabasas/CA./USA

IEEE 802.1X Defaults _____________________________________________________________________ 384 802.1X Overview _________________________________________________________________________ 385 802.1X Port Behavior ____________________________________________________________________ 385 802.1X Ports and DHCP __________________________________________________________________ 386 Re-authentication________________________________________________________________________ 386 802.1X Accounting ______________________________________________________________________ 386 Compared to Authenticated VLANs _________________________________________________________ 386 Port-Based Network Access Control _________________________________________________________ 386 802.1X on the OmniSwitch 6850 ____________________________________________________________ 387 Device Classification Policies ______________________________________________________________ 387 Port Mapping (AKA Private VLAN) ____________________________________________________________ 388 Port Mapping Specifications________________________________________________________________ 388 Port Mapping Defaults ____________________________________________________________________ 388 Example Port Mapping Overview ___________________________________________________________ 389 Access Control Lists -- ACLs __________________________________________________________________ 390 ACL Specifications _______________________________________________________________________ 390 ACL Defaults ____________________________________________________________________________ 390 ACL Overview ___________________________________________________________________________ 391 Rule Precedence ________________________________________________________________________ 391 How Precedence is Determined_____________________________________________________________ 392 Interaction With Other Features ____________________________________________________________ 392 Valid Combinations______________________________________________________________________ 392 ACL Configuration Overview ______________________________________________________________ 392 Policy Conditions For ACLs _______________________________________________________________ 393 Policy Actions For ACLs _________________________________________________________________ 393 Layer 2 ACLs __________________________________________________________________________ 394 Layer 3/4 ACLs _________________________________________________________________________ 394 Multicast Filtering ACLs__________________________________________________________________ 395 Using ACL Security Features ______________________________________________________________ 396 ACL Manager (ACLMAN) ____________________________________________________________________ 397 ACLMAN Defaults _______________________________________________________________________ 397 ACLMAN Overview ______________________________________________________________________ 397 ACLMAN Configuration File_______________________________________________________________ 397 ACL Text Files ___________________________________________________________________________ 398 ACL Precedence _________________________________________________________________________ 398 Interaction With the Alcatel-Lucent CLI _____________________________________________________ 398 Using the ACLMAN Shell__________________________________________________________________ 398 ACLMAN Modes and Commands ___________________________________________________________ 399 Supported Protocols and Services ___________________________________________________________ 399 Network Security ____________________________________________________________________________ 401 Network Security Specifications _____________________________________________________________ 401 Network Security Defaults _________________________________________________________________ 401 Network Security Overview ________________________________________________________________ 402 Anomalies _____________________________________________________________________________ 402 Monitoring Group _______________________________________________________________________ 403 Anomaly parameters Description ___________________________________________________________ 403

Distributed Intelligence _______________________________________________________________ 404VLANs ___________________________________________________________________________________ 406 VLAN Specifications ______________________________________________________________________ 406 VLAN Defaults __________________________________________________________________________ 406 VLAN Management Overview ______________________________________________________________ 407 Creating/Modifying VLANs ________________________________________________________________ 407 Enabling/Disabling Spanning Tree for a VLAN ________________________________________________ 408 VLAN Authentication _____________________________________________________________________ 408 OS6850 Series Boilerplate Doc. Rev.6.0 / Feb. 2008 Page 7 Software & Hardware Release: AOSv6.3.1r01 Alcatel-Lucent-ESD Calabasas/CA./USA

VLAN Router Interfaces ___________________________________________________________________ 408 Single M AC Router Mode _________________________________________________________________ 408 Defining V LAN Port Assignments ______________________________________________________________ 409 Port Assignment Specifications _____________________________________________________________ 409 Port Assignment Defaults __________________________________________________________________ 409 Statically Assigning Ports to VLANs _________________________________________________________ 410 Dynamically Assigning Ports to VLANs ______________________________________________________ 410 How Dynamic Port Assignment Works _______________________________________________________ 410 VLAN Mobile Tag Classification ____________________________________________________________ 410 VLAN Rule Classif ication __________________________________________________________________ 411 Ignoring B ridge Protocol Data Units (BPDU) __________________________________________________ 411 Understanding M obile Port Properties _______________________________________________________ 412 What is a Configured Default VLAN?________________________________________________________ 412 What is a Secondary VLAN? _______________________________________________________________ 412 Mobile Port Properties ____________________________________________________________________ 412 Defining V LAN Rules ________________________________________________________________________ 413 VLAN Rules Specifications _________________________________________________________________ 413 VLAN Rules Defaults _____________________________________________________________________ 413 VLAN Rules Overview ____________________________________________________________________ 413 VLAN Rule Types ________________________________________________________________________ 414 DHCP Rules ___________________________________________________________________________ 414 Binding Rules __________________________________________________________________________ 415 MAC Address & MAC Address Range Rules__________________________________________________ 415 Network Address Rules ___________________________________________________________________ 415 Protocol Rules __________________________________________________________________________ 416 Port Rules _____________________________________________________________________________ 416 Understanding VLAN Rule Precedence ______________________________________________________ 416 IEEE 802.1Q _______________________________________________________________________________ 417 802.1Q Specifications _____________________________________________________________________ 417 802.1Q Defaults __________________________________________________________________________ 417 802.1Q Overview _________________________________________________________________________ 417 Forcing a Sw itch Internal Tag ______________________________________________________________ 417 GVRP ____________________________________________________________________________________ 418 GVRP Specifications ______________________________________________________________________ 418 GVRP Defaults __________________________________________________________________________ 418 GARP Overview _________________________________________________________________________ 419 VLAN Stacking _____________________________________________________________________________ 422 VLAN Stacking Specifications ______________________________________________________________ 422 Service-Based VLAN Stacking Defaults ______________________________________________________ 423 Port-Based VLAN Stacking Defaults _________________________________________________________ 423 VLAN Stacking Overview _________________________________________________________________ 424 How VLAN Stacking Works _______________________________________________________________ 426 VLAN Stacking Modes ____________________________________________________________________ 426 Service Mode___________________________________________________________________________ 426 Legacy Mode ___________________________________________________________________________ 427 Interaction With Other Features ____________________________________________________________ 427 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP) __________________________________________________ 427 IP Multicast VLANs _____________________________________________________________________ 427 Link Aggregation________________________________________________________________________ 428 Quality of Service (QoS) __________________________________________________________________ 428 Ring Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RRSTP) _________________________________________________ 428 Spanning Tree __________________________________________________________________________ 428 VLAN Stacking Application Examples _______________________________________________________ 429 Ethernet OAM ______________________________________________________________________________ 430 Ethernet OAM Specifications _______________________________________________________________ 430 OS6850 Series Boilerplate Doc. 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Ethernet OAM Def aults ___________________________________________________________________ 430 Ethernet OAM Overview __________________________________________________________________ 431 Connectivity Fault Management ____________________________________________________________ 431 Internet Protocol (IP) _________________________________________________________________________ 433 IP Specifications _________________________________________________________________________ 433 IP Defaults ______________________________________________________________________________ 433 IP Overview _____________________________________________________________________________ 433 IP Protocols ____________________________________________________________________________ 433 Transport Protocols ______________________________________________________________________ 434 Application-Layer Protocols _______________________________________________________________ 434 Additional IP Protocols ___________________________________________________________________ 434 IP Forwarding ___________________________________________________________________________ 435 Static Route _____________________________________________________________________________ 435 Default Route ____________________________________________________________________________ 435 Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) __________________________________________________________ 436 The Time-to-Live (TTL) Value _____________________________________________________________ 436 Local Proxy ARP _________________________________________________________________________ 436 ARP Filtering ____________________________________________________________________________ 436 IP-Directed Broadcasts ____________________________________________________________________ 437 Denial of Service (DoS) Filtering ____________________________________________________________ 437 IP Services ______________________________________________________________________________ 438 Managing IP_____________________________________________________________________________ 438 Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)____________________________________________________ 438 The Minimum Packet Gap_________________________________________________________________ 439 ICMP Control Table _____________________________________________________________________ 439 ICMP Statistics Table ____________________________________________________________________ 439 The Ping Command______________________________________________________________________ 439 Tracing an IP Route______________________________________________________________________ 439 Displaying TCP Information _______________________________________________________________ 439 Displaying UDP Information_______________________________________________________________ 439 Tunneling _______________________________________________________________________________ 440 Generic Routing Encapsulation _____________________________________________________________ 440 IP Encapsulation within IP ________________________________________________________________ 440 Tunneling operation______________________________________________________________________ 440 IPv6 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 441 IPv6 Specifications________________________________________________________________________ 441 IPv6 Defaults ____________________________________________________________________________ 441 IPv6 Overview ___________________________________________________________________________ 442 IPv6 Addressing __________________________________________________________________________ 442 IPv6 Address Notation ____________________________________________________________________ 443 IPv6 Address Prefix Notation _______________________________________________________________ 443 Auto-configuration of IPv6 Addresses ________________________________________________________ 443 Tunneling IPv6 over IPv4 __________________________________________________________________ 444 6to4 Tunnels _____________________________________________________________________________ 444 6to4 Site to 6to4 Site over IPv4 Domain ______________________________________________________ 445 6to4 Site to IPv6 Site over IPv4/IPv6 Domains _________________________________________________ 446 Configured Tunnels _______________________________________________________________________ 446 IPX ______________________________________________________________________________________ 447 IPX Specifications ________________________________________________________________________ 447 IPX Defaults _____________________________________________________________________________ 447 IPX Overview ____________________________________________________________________________ 447 IPX Routing _____________________________________________________________________________ 448 IPX Router Port Configuration Options ______________________________________________________ 448 Static Routes ____________________________________________________________________________ 449 Type-20 Packet Forwarding ________________________________________________________________ 449 OS6850 Series Boilerplate Doc. 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Extended RIP and SAP Packets _____________________________________________________________ 449 RIP and SAP Timers ______________________________________________________________________ 449 Using the PING Command _________________________________________________________________ 449 IPX RIP/SAP Filtering ____________________________________________________________________ 450 RIP Filters _____________________________________________________________________________ 450 SAP Filters ____________________________________________________________________________ 450 GNS Filters ____________________________________________________________________________ 450 RIP_______________________________________________________________________________________ 451 RIP Specifications ________________________________________________________________________ 451 RIP Defaults _____________________________________________________________________________ 451 RIP Overview ____________________________________________________________________________ 452 RIP Version 2 __________________________________________________________________________ 452 RIP Routing ____________________________________________________________________________ 453 The RIP Interface Metric __________________________________________________________________ 453 The RIP Forced Hold-down Interval _________________________________________________________ 454 RIP Redistribution _______________________________________________________________________ 454 Redistribution Metric_____________________________________________________________________ 454 RIP Redistribution Filter __________________________________________________________________ 454 RIP Security ___________________________________________________________________________ 454 OSPFv2 / OSPFv3 ___________________________________________________________________________ 455 OSPFv2 Specifications ____________________________________________________________________ 455 OSPFv2 Defaults _________________________________________________________________________ 456 OSPFv3 Specifications ____________________________________________________________________ 457 OSPFv3 Defaults _________________________________________________________________________ 457 OSPF Overview __________________________________________________________________________ 458 OSPF Areas ____________________________________________________________________________ 459 Classification of Routers __________________________________________________________________ 460 Virtual Links ___________________________________________________________________________ 460 Stub Areas _____________________________________________________________________________ 461 Not-So-Stubby-Areas ____________________________________________________________________ 461 Totally Stubby Areas ______________________________________________________________________ 462 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP) Routing _____________________________________________________ 463 Non Broadcast OSPF Routing ______________________________________________________________ 463 Graceful Restart on Sw itches w ith Redundant Management _____________________________________ 464 Interface Authentication ___________________________________________________________________ 464 IS-IS _____________________________________________________________________________________ 465 IS-IS Specifications _______________________________________________________________________ 465 IS-IS Defualts Table ______________________________________________________________________ 465 IS-IS Overview ___________________________________________________________________________ 467 IS-IS Packet Types _______________________________________________________________________ 468 IS-IS Areas ______________________________________________________________________________ 469 Graceful Restart on Stacks with Redundant Sw itches ___________________________________________ 470 IS-IS Application Example _________________________________________________________________ 471 BGP ______________________________________________________________________________________ 472 BGP Specifications _______________________________________________________________________ 472 BGP Overview ___________________________________________________________________________ 473 Autonomous Systems (ASs) ________________________________________________________________ 474 Internal vs. External BGP _________________________________________________________________ 475 Communities ____________________________________________________________________________ 476 Route Reflectors _________________________________________________________________________ 477 BGP Confederations ______________________________________________________________________ 478 Policies _________________________________________________________________________________ 479 Regular Expressions ______________________________________________________________________ 480 The Route Selection Process ________________________________________________________________ 480 Route Dampening ________________________________________________________________________ 481 OS6850 Series Boilerplate Doc. 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CIDR Route Notation _____________________________________________________________________ 481 Synchronizing BGP and IGP Routes _________________________________________________________ 481 Controlling Route Flapping Through Route Dampening ________________________________________ 482 Example: Flapping Route Suppressed, then Unsuppressed ______________________________________ 482 Setting Up Route Reflection ________________________________________________________________ 483 Working with Communities ________________________________________________________________ 485 Routing Policies __________________________________________________________________________ 485 RDP ______________________________________________________________________________________ 486 RDP Specifications _______________________________________________________________________ 486 RDP Defaults ____________________________________________________________________________ 486 RDP Overview ___________________________________________________________________________ 487 RDP Interfaces__________________________________________________________________________ 488 Security Concerns _______________________________________________________________________ 488 Defining the Advertisement Interval _________________________________________________________ 488 DHCP Relay _______________________________________________________________________________ 489 DHCP Relay Specifications_________________________________________________________________ 489 DHCP Relay Defaults _____________________________________________________________________ 489 DHCP Relay Overview ____________________________________________________________________ 490 DHCP ________________________________________________________________________________ 490 DHCP and the OmniSwitch________________________________________________________________ 490 DHCP Relay and Authentication____________________________________________________________ 491 External DHCP Relay Application __________________________________________________________ 491 Internal DHCP Relay_____________________________________________________________________ 492 DHCP Relay Implementation ______________________________________________________________ 493 Per-VLAN DHCP _______________________________________________________________________ 493 Enabling BOOTP/DHCP Relay_____________________________________________________________ 493 Using Automatic IP Configuration __________________________________________________________ 493 UDP Port Relay __________________________________________________________________________ 494 Configuring DHCP Security Features ________________________________________________________ 494 Using the Relay Agent Information Option (Option-82)__________________________________________ 495 How the Relay Agent Processes DHCP Packets from the Client ___________________________________ 495 How the Relay Agent Processes DHCP Packets from the Server ___________________________________ 495 Using DHCP Snooping ___________________________________________________________________ 496 DHCP Snooping Configuration Guidelines____________________________________________________ 496 VRRP ____________________________________________________________________________________ 497 VRRP Specifications ______________________________________________________________________ 497 VRRP Defaults ___________________________________________________________________________ 497 VRRP Overview _________________________________________________________________________ 498 Why Use VRRP?________________________________________________________________________ 498 Definition of a Virtual Router ______________________________________________________________ 499 VRRP MAC Addresses ___________________________________________________________________ 499 ARP Requests __________________________________________________________________________ 499 ICMP Redirects _________________________________________________________________________ 499 VRRP Startup Delay _____________________________________________________________________ 500 VRRP Tracking _________________________________________________________________________ 500 Interaction With Other Features ____________________________________________________________ 500 Configuration Overview __________________________________________________________________ 500 Basic Virtual Router Configuration__________________________________________________________ 500 The Advertisement Interval ________________________________________________________________ 500 Virtual Router Priority____________________________________________________________________ 501 Preemption for Virtual Routers _____________________________________________________________ 501 VRRP Authentication ____________________________________________________________________ 501 VRRP Traps ___________________________________________________________________________ 502 VRRP Application Example _______________________________________________________________ 502 VRRP Tracking Example _________________________________________________________________ 503 OS6850 Series Boilerplate Doc. 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VRRP3 Application Example ______________________________________________________________ 504 VRRP3 Tracking Example ________________________________________________________________ 505 Quality Of Service (QoS) _____________________________________________________________________ 506 QoS Specifications ________________________________________________________________________ 506 QoS General Overview ____________________________________________________________________ 507 QoS Policy Overview ____________________________________________________________________ 507 How Policies Are Used ___________________________________________________________________ 508 Valid Policies __________________________________________________________________________ 508 Interaction With Other Features ____________________________________________________________ 508 Condition Combinations ___________________________________________________________________ 509 Action Combinations ______________________________________________________________________ 510 Condition and Action Combinations _________________________________________________________ 510 QoS Defaults ____________________________________________________________________________ 511 Global QoS Defaults _____________________________________________________________________ 511 QoS Port Defaults _______________________________________________________________________ 511 Policy Rule Defaults _____________________________________________________________________ 512 Policy Action Defaults ___________________________________________________________________ 512 Default (Built-in) Policies _________________________________________________________________ 512 QoS Configuration Overview _______________________________________________________________ 513 Automatic QoS Prioritization _______________________________________________________________ 513 Automatic Prioritization for NMS Traffic ____________________________________________________ 513 Automatic Prioritization for IP Phone Traffic _________________________________________________ 513 Using Quarantine M anager and Remediation _________________________________________________ 514 Using the QoS Log ________________________________________________________________________ 515 Forwarding Log Events to PolicyView / Console _______________________________________________ 515 Classifying Bridged Traffic as Layer 3 _______________________________________________________ 515 The Statistics Interval _____________________________________________________________________ 515 QoS Ports and Queues_____________________________________________________________________ 516 Shared Queues ___________________________________________________________________________ 516 Prioritizing and Queue Mapping ____________________________________________________________ 516 Priority to Queue Mapping Table ___________________________________________________________ 516 Queuing Schemes _________________________________________________________________________ 517 Trusted and Untrusted Ports _______________________________________________________________ 518 Policies _________________________________________________________________________________ 519 ASCII-File-Only Syntax ___________________________________________________________________ 519 Policy Conditions _________________________________________________________________________ 519 Policy Actions ____________________________________________________________________________ 520 Rule Precedence __________________________________________________________________________ 520 How Precedence is Determined_____________________________________________________________ 520 Rules with Compatible Actions _____________________________________________________________ 520 Rules with Conflicting Actions ______________________________________________________________ 520 Testing Conditions ________________________________________________________________________ 521 Using Condition Groups in Policies __________________________________________________________ 521 Using Network Groups ____________________________________________________________________ 521 Using Services & Service Groups ____________________________________________________________ 521 Using MAC Groups _______________________________________________________________________ 522 Using Port Groups ________________________________________________________________________ 522 Port Groups and Maximum Bandwidth ______________________________________________________ 522 Source Port Group Example _______________________________________________________________ 523 Destination Port Group Examples ___________________________________________________________ 523 Using Map Groups _______________________________________________________________________ 524 How Map Groups Work __________________________________________________________________ 524 Policy Applications _______________________________________________________________________ 525 Basic QoS Policies ________________________________________________________________________ 526 Basic Commands ________________________________________________________________________ 526 OS6850 Series Boilerplate Doc. 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Traffic Prioritization Example______________________________________________________________ 526 Bandwidth Shaping Example ______________________________________________________________ 526 Redirection Policies _______________________________________________________________________ 527 ICM P Policy Example _____________________________________________________________________ 528 802.1p and ToS/DSCP Marking and Mapping _________________________________________________ 529 Policy B ased Routing______________________________________________________________________ 530 Server Load Balancing (SLB) _______________________________________________________________ 531 Server Load Balancing Specifications ________________________________________________________ 531 Server Load Balancing Defaults _____________________________________________________________ 532 Server Load Balancing Overview ___________________________________________________________ 532 Server Load Balancing VIPs/Condition ______________________________________________________ 532 Server Load Balancing Example ____________________________________________________________ 533 Server Health M onitoring __________________________________________________________________ 534 IP Multicast Switching _______________________________________________________________________ 535 IPMS Specifications_______________________________________________________________________ 535 IPv6MS Specifications_____________________________________________________________________ 535 IPMS Default Values ______________________________________________________________________ 536 IPv6MS Default Values ____________________________________________________________________ 536 IPMS Overview __________________________________________________________________________ 537 IPMS Example _________________________________________________________________________ 537 Reserved M ulticast Addresses ______________________________________________________________ 538 IP M ulticast Routing ______________________________________________________________________ 538 PIM __________________________________________________________________________________ 538 DVMRP_______________________________________________________________________________ 538 IPMS and Link Aggregation _______________________________________________________________ 539 IGMP Version 3 __________________________________________________________________________ 539 MLD ___________________________________________________________________________________ 539 IPMS Application Example ________________________________________________________________ 540 Multicast Address Boundaries __________________________________________________________________ 541 M ulticast Boundary Specifications __________________________________________________________ 541 M ulticast Address Boundaries Overview _____________________________________________________ 541 Multicast Addresses and the IANA __________________________________________________________ 541 Administratively Scoped Multicast Addresses _________________________________________________ 541 Source-Specific Multicast Addresses ________________________________________________________ 541 Multicast Address Boundaries______________________________________________________________ 542 Concurrent Multicast Addresses ____________________________________________________________ 542 DVMRP___________________________________________________________________________________ 543 DVMRP Specifications ____________________________________________________________________ 543 DVMRP Defaults _________________________________________________________________________ 543 DVMRP Overview ________________________________________________________________________ 544 Reverse Path Multicasting _________________________________________________________________ 544 Neighbor Discovery _______________________________________________________________________ 545 M ulticast Source Location, Route Report M essages, and M etrics _________________________________ 545 Dependent Dow nstream Routers and Poison Reverse ___________________________________________ 546 Pruning Multicast Traffic Delivery __________________________________________________________ 546 Grafting B ranches Back onto the Multicast Delivery Tree _______________________________________ 546 DVMRP Tunnels _________________________________________________________________________ 547 PIM ______________________________________________________________________________________ 548 PIM Specifications ________________________________________________________________________ 548 PIM Defaults ____________________________________________________________________________ 548 PIM Overview ___________________________________________________________________________ 549 Rendezvous Points (RPs)__________________________________________________________________ 549 Candidate Rendezvous Points (C-RPs) _______________________________________________________ 549 Bootstrap Routers (BSRs) _________________________________________________________________ 549 Candidate Bootstrap Routers (C-BSRs) ______________________________________________________ 550 OS6850 Series Boilerplate Doc. 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Designated Routers (DRs)_________________________________________________________________ 550 Shared (or RP) Trees _____________________________________________________________________ 550 Avoiding Register Encapsulation ___________________________________________________________ 551 RP Initiation of (S, G) Source-Specific Join Message____________________________________________ 552 SPT Switchover _________________________________________________________________________ 553 PIM-SSM Support ________________________________________________________________________ 555 Source-Specific Multicast Addresses ________________________________________________________ 555 PIM-SSM Specification___________________________________________________________________ 555 IP Multicast VLAN __________________________________________________________________________ 556 IP M ulticast VLAN Specifications ___________________________________________________________ 556 IP M ulticast VLAN Defaults _______________________________________________________________ 556 IP M ulticast VLAN Overview ______________________________________________________________ 557 VLAN Stacking Mode _____________________________________________________________________ 557 IPMVLAN Lookup Mode __________________________________________________________________ 557 Enterprise Mode _________________________________________________________________________ 558 IPMV Packet Flows _______________________________________________________________________ 558 VLAN Stacking Mode _____________________________________________________________________ 558 Enterprise Mode _________________________________________________________________________ 560 IPMVLAN Application Example ____________________________________________________________ 561

Simplified Manageability _____________________________________________________________ 562Interswitch Protocols _________________________________________________________________________ 564 AIP Specifications ________________________________________________________________________ 564 AMAP Defaults __________________________________________________________________________ 564 AMAP Overview _________________________________________________________________________ 564 Discovery Transmission State ______________________________________________________________ 564 Common Transmission State_______________________________________________________________ 564 Passive Reception State ___________________________________________________________________ 565 Common Transmission and Remote Switches _________________________________________________ 565 IEEE 802.1AB ______________________________________________________________________________ 566 IEEE 802.1AB (LLDAP) Specifications ______________________________________________________ 566 IEEE 802.1AB (LLDP) Defaults _____________________________________________________________ 566 802.1AB Overview ________________________________________________________________________ 567 Managing Authentication Servers _______________________________________________________________ 569 Authentication Server Specifications _________________________________________________________ 569 Server Defaults __________________________________________________________________________ 569 RADIUS Authentication Servers____________________________________________________________ 569 LDAP Authentication Servers ______________________________________________________________ 569 Server Overview _________________________________________________________________________ 570 Backup Authentication Servers _____________________________________________________________ 570 Authenticated Sw itch Access _______________________________________________________________ 570 Authenticated VLANs _____________________________________________________________________ 571 Port-Based Network Access Control (802.1X) _________________________________________________ 571 ACE/Server _____________________________________________________________________________ 572 RADIUS Servers _________________________________________________________________________ 572 RADIUS Server Attributes ________________________________________________________________ 572 LDAP Servers ___________________________________________________________________________ 573 LDAP Server Details _____________________________________________________________________ 573 LDIF File Structure ______________________________________________________________________ 573 Directory Entries ________________________________________________________________________ 573 Directory Searches_______________________________________________________________________ 574 Retrieving Directory Search Results _________________________________________________________ 574 Directory Modifications __________________________________________________________________ 574 Directory Compare and Sort _______________________________________________________________ 575 The LDAP URL ________________________________________________________________________ 575 OS6850 Series Boilerplate Doc. Rev.6.0 / Feb. 2008 Page 14 Software & Hardware Release: AOSv6.3.1r01 Alcatel-Lucent-ESD Calabasas/CA./USA

Password Policies and Directory Servers _____________________________________________________ 575 Directory Server Schema for LDAP Authentication _____________________________________________ 575 LDAP Accounting Attributes ______________________________________________________________ 576 SSL for an LDAP Authentication Server _____________________________________________________ 576 Managing Policy Servers ______________________________________________________________________ 576 Policy Server Specifications ________________________________________________________________ 576 Policy Server Defaults _____________________________________________________________________ 576 Policy Server Overview ____________________________________________________________________ 577 Installing the LDAP Policy Server __________________________________________________________ 577 Secure Socket Layer for a Policy Server ______________________________________________________ 577 Interaction With CLI Policies ______________________________________________________________ 577 Diagnosing Switch Problems __________________________________________________________________ 578 UDLD ____________________________________________________________________________________ 578 UDLD Specifications ______________________________________________________________________ 578 UDLD Defaults __________________________________________________________________________ 578 UDLD Overview _________________________________________________________________________ 579 UDLD Operational Mode _________________________________________________________________ 579 Normal Mode __________________________________________________________________________ 579 Aggressive Mode________________________________________________________________________ 579 Mechanisms to Detect Unidirectional Links ___________________________________________________ 579 Neighbor database maintenance ____________________________________________________________ 579 Echo detection __________________________________________________________________________ 580 Port Mirroring ___________________________________________________________________________ 581 Port Mirroring Specifications ______________________________________________________________ 581 Port mirroring Defaults ___________________________________________________________________ 581 Using Port Mirroring with External RMON Probes _____________________________________________ 583 Remote Port M irroring ____________________________________________________________________ 584 Application Example _____________________________________________________________________ 584 Port Monitoring __________________________________________________________________________ 585 Port Monitoring Specifications _____________________________________________________________ 585 Port Monitoring Defaults__________________________________________________________________ 585 Remote Monitoring (RMON) _______________________________________________________________ 586 RMON Specifications ____________________________________________________________________ 586 RMON Probe Defaults ___________________________________________________________________ 586 Ethernet Statistics _______________________________________________________________________ 587 History (Control & Statistics) ______________________________________________________________ 587 Alarm_________________________________________________________________________________ 588 Event _________________________________________________________________________________ 588 Sw itch Health ____________________________________________________________________________ 589 Switch Health Specifications_______________________________________________________________ 589 Switch Health Defaults ___________________________________________________________________ 589 SFlow __________________________________________________________________________________ 591 Switch Logging _____________________________________________________________________________ 592 Sw itch Logging Specifications ______________________________________________________________ 592 Sw itch Logging Defaults ___________________________________________________________________ 592 Sw itch Logging Overview __________________________________________________________________ 593 Displaying Switch Logging Records _________________________________________________________ 594 Monitoring Memory _________________________________________________________________________ 595 M emory M onitoring Specifications __________________________________________________________ 595 M emory M onitoring Defaults _______________________________________________________________ 595 Debug Memory Commands Overview ________________________________________________________ 595 Logging into the Switch ______________________________________________________________________ 596 Logging Specifications_____________________________________________________________________ 596 Login Defaults ___________________________________________________________________________ 596 Overview of Switch Login Components ______________________________________________________ 597 OS6850 Series Boilerplate Doc. 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Management Interfaces____________________________________________________________________ 597 Logging Into the CLI_____________________________________________________________________ 597 Using the WebView Management Tool ______________________________________________________ 597 Using SNMP to Manage the Switch _________________________________________________________ 597 User Accounts __________________________________________________________________________ 597 Using Telnet _____________________________________________________________________________ 598 Using FTP_______________________________________________________________________________ 598 Using Secure Shell ________________________________________________________________________ 598 Secure Shell Components _________________________________________________________________ 598 Secure Shell Interface ____________________________________________________________________ 599 Secure Shell File Transfer Protocol __________________________________________________________ 599 Secure Shell Application Overview__________________________________________________________ 599 Secure Shell Authentication _______________________________________________________________ 599 Protocol Identification ____________________________________________________________________ 600 Algorithm and Key Exchange ______________________________________________________________ 600 The Login Banner ________________________________________________________________________ 600 The DNS Resolver ________________________________________________________________________ 600 Managing System Files _______________________________________________________________________ 601 File Management Specifications _____________________________________________________________ 601 Sw itch Administration Overview ____________________________________________________________ 601 File Transfer ____________________________________________________________________________ 601 Sw itch Directories ________________________________________________________________________ 602 File and Directory Management ____________________________________________________________ 602 Using Wildcards _________________________________________________________________________ 603 Directory Commands _____________________________________________________________________ 603 Loading Software onto the Switch ___________________________________________________________ 603 Using the Switch as an FTP Server __________________________________________________________ 603 Using the Switch as an FTP Client __________________________________________________________ 604 Using Zmodem _________________________________________________________________________ 604 Registering Software Image Files ____________________________________________________________ 605 Directories on the Switch __________________________________________________________________ 605 Available Image Files _____________________________________________________________________ 605 Setting the System Clock___________________________________________________________________ 606 Setting Date and Time _____________________________________________________________________ 606 Network Time Protocol (NTP) _________________________________________________________________ 607 NTP Specifications________________________________________________________________________ 607 NTP Defaults ____________________________________________________________________________ 607 NTP Overview ___________________________________________________________________________ 607 Stratum _________________________________________________________________________________ 608 Using NTP in a Network ___________________________________________________________________ 609 Authentication ___________________________________________________________________________ 610 Management Specifications ________________________________________________________________ 611 Management Files ________________________________________________________________________ 611 Management Software Directory Structure ___________________________________________________ 611 Where is the Switch Running From? _________________________________________________________ 612 Software Rollback Feature _________________________________________________________________ 612 Redundancy _____________________________________________________________________________ 612 Rebooting the Sw itch______________________________________________________________________ 613 Secondary Management unit Fail Over _______________________________________________________ 613 Other Stackable Units Behavior During Takeover _____________________________________________ 613 Copying the Running Configuration to the Working Directory ___________________________________ 614 Rebooting from the Working Directory ______________________________________________________ 615 Copying the Working Directory to the Certified Directory_______________________________________ 616 Using the CLI ______________________________________________________________________________ 617 CLI Specifications ________________________________________________________________________ 617 OS6850 Series Boilerplate Doc. 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CLI Overview ___________________________________________________________________________ 617 Online Configuration _____________________________________________________________________ 617 Offline Configuration Using Configuration Files _______________________________________________ 617 Command Entry Rules and Syntax __________________________________________________________ 618 Text Conventions _________________________________________________________________________ 618 Using Show Commands _________________________________________________________________ 618 Using the No Form______________________________________________________________________ 618 Using Alias Commands __________________________________________________________________ 618 Partial Keyword Completion _______________________________________________________________ 619 Command Help __________________________________________________________________________ 619 CLI Services _____________________________________________________________________________ 620 Command Line Editing ____________________________________________________________________ 620 Syntax Checking _________________________________________________________________________ 620 Prefix Recognition ________________________________________________________________________ 620 Command History ________________________________________________________________________ 620 Logging CLI Commands and Entry Results ___________________________________________________ 620 Customizing the Screen Display _____________________________________________________________ 621 Changing the CLI Prompt _________________________________________________________________ 621 M ultiple User Sessions ____________________________________________________________________ 621 Working With Configuration Files ______________________________________________________________ 621 Configuration File Specifications ____________________________________________________________ 621 Configuration Files Overview_______________________________________________________________ 621 Applying Configuration Files to the Switch ___________________________________________________ 621 Managing Switch User Accounts _______________________________________________________________ 622 User Database Specif ications _______________________________________________________________ 622 User Accounts Defaults ____________________________________________________________________ 622 Overview of User Accounts_________________________________________________________________ 622 Startup Defaults __________________________________________________________________________ 623 Default User Settings ______________________________________________________________________ 623 SNMP Access for a User Account ___________________________________________________________ 624 End-User Profiles ________________________________________________________________________ 624 Managing Switch Security ____________________________________________________________________ 625 Sw itch Security Specifications ______________________________________________________________ 625 Sw itch Security Defaults ___________________________________________________________________ 625 Sw itch Security Overview __________________________________________________________________ 625 Authenticated Sw itch Access _______________________________________________________________ 625 AAA ServersRADIUS or LDAP ___________________________________________________________ 626 Authentication-onlyACE/Server __________________________________________________________ 626 Interaction With the User Database _________________________________________________________ 627 ASA and Authenticated VLANs _____________________________________________________________ 627 Configuring Authenticated Switch Access ____________________________________________________ 627 Accounting for ASA ______________________________________________________________________ 627 Using WebView ____________________________________________________________________________ 628 WebView CLI Defaults ____________________________________________________________________ 628 WebView Overview _______________________________________________________________________ 628 WebView Page Layout ___________________________________________________________________ 628 Banner ________________________________________________________________________________ 629 Toolbar _______________________________________________________________________________ 629 Feature Options _________________________________________________________________________ 629 View/Configuration Area _________________________________________________________________ 629 WebView Help _________________________________________________________________________ 629 Using SNMP _______________________________________________________________________________ 630 SNMP Specifications ______________________________________________________________________ 630 SNMP Defaults __________________________________________________________________________ 630 SNMP Overview _________________________________________________________________________ 631 OS6850 Series Boilerplate Doc. 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SNMP Operations ________________________________________________________________________ 631 Using SNM P for Switch Management ________________________________________________________ 631 Setting Up an SNMP Management Stati