alternative feed stuff - oecd.org€¦ · alternative feed stuff or ... dna to the protein...
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Alternative feed stuff or The simplest and fastest route to relive the present pressure on arable land. [email protected]
Feed
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**European farmers import the equivalent of 50 million tones of soybean per year.
47% of soy and 60% of corn produced in the US is used in animal feed.
(Grace Communication Foundation)
And about ¼ of world catches of fish is used as animal feed.
(FAO, 2012)
Recaptured nutrients to feed: Feed mussels, insects, single cell/microbes
By Sergio Zimmermann
- Microbes, is together with plants, the feed base of our ecosystem that transform short sugars and minerals to protein, lipids and vitamins. - Man, as all other higher animals, has microbes rather than plants as original evolutionary nutrition base.
Green water farming
Microbial protein / Bio-protein meal
Micro fungi
Yeast Bacteria Growth rate / day: Bacteria every 20 min => 272 Yeast every 2 h => 212 Micro algae once a day => 21
Picture courtesy of Matilda Olstorpe
Jästbolaget, Rotebro, Sweden. Produce 20.000 ton yeast/year
Good condition 10 mg of yeast => 150 ton in a week.
Picture courtesy of Matilda Olstorpe
Microbes have high levels of RNA (10-15%) due to high protein synthesis. Living cells metabolizing the N in RNA to:
RNA relay the information of
DNA to the protein synthesis
Fish => Has all enzymes to eat large amounts of
microbes
To water
In mammals uric acid =>
kidney stones and gout
Fish offal 0,36 kg (vv)
Food waste 0,07 kg (vv)
Feed: fish, poultry, pig ?
Feed to farmed fish
0,9 kg
File 0,54 kg
Microbial protein meal 0,4 kg (DM)
Biogas 1,3 kWh ?
Manura ……….
Food waste 1 kg (DM)
Bio-reactor
Merkan II, (SIDA) Vietnam/Cambodia: 2014-2018 • Brewers yeast (as is) • Rice brand • Broken rice • Cassava • Pangasius offal
Picture courtesy of Matilda Olstorpe
Based on growth data from Jästbolaget for (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) a week (i.e. use same start
amount every week)
Result in 1.4 x 1015 ton protein (AA near fish
meal)
Present protein conversion in salmon (48%) => 6.7 x 1014
ton fish protein = 3.4 x 1015 ton fish.
World 2010 Harvest 1 x 108 ton fish = 2 x 107 ton protein Farmed 0.5 x 108 ton fish = 1 x 107 ton protein
FORMAS Project: Mikrobes as sustainable feed source To farmed fish
World harvest of wheat 2010 = uses roughly 1,744 ton wheat protein for
sowing.
Result in 9.8 x 107 ton protein (AA low in lysine but
also in arginine and methionine)