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ALTAMIRA,SPAIN

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OLD STONE AGE- PALEOLITHIC ART Primitive man lived in caves or in overhanging rocks and it is here where they made their first works of art in drawing, painting and sculpture. Many sites have been discovered mainly in France and in Spain. The most stricking works of Paleolithic art are drawings,paintings of bisons,deers,horses,mammoths,and cows.These are portrayed running wildly while others are portrayed being attacked by spears of hunters. All this was done in the walls of the caves showing realism through shades that give bulk and roundness. These paintings have survived around 40,000 years because they were done deep inside the caves and not at their mouths.Some can be reached only by crawling on hands and knees and the paths are very intricate.

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Impressive paintings are found in a cave at Lascaux France so as in Altamira,Spain. Chambers are away from intruders.These images must have served for other purposes more than decoration. It was part of a magical ritual to ensure a successful hunt because of the secret location and ways the images were superimposed on one another. Apparently for the men of Old Stone Age there was no clear distinction between image and reality. By making a picture of an animal it meant to bring the animal to them and in killing the animal in the image it meant they had killed the animals vital spirit.A dead image was no further significant and could be disregarded.Charcoal,oils,minerals and blood were used for painting.

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Chance formation

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Spotted horse

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Some of their art was done through chance formations.These were done by reinforcing natural suggestions on the rock. The body coincides with the shape or contour of the rock and then reinforced with burned sticks. The persons who discovered these chance formations were considered magicians.Many of these animals have their bodies or parts of them done on ledges of the walls of the caves.All this gives realism.

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VENUS OF WILLENDORF Austria. A female fertility figurine with bulbous roundness. It was carved in a small pebble and considered a sacred figure representing fertility.

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NEW STONE AGE The Neolithic revolution was what brought the Old Stone Age to a close.It began in the near east sometime about 8000 B.C. when man made his first attempt to settle down,domesticate animals and grow food grains.

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In Europe we find monumental structures called Megalithics because they consist on huge blocks placed upon each other without mortar. These were done for religious purposes. Some are known as Dolmens which are tombs considered houses of the dead. Dolmens were made of upright stones for walls and single giant slab as a roof.

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CHROMLECHS

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STONEHENGE 3000-2000 B.C. A Sacred monument for religious purposes. Salisbury, England CROMLECHS : a group of prehistoric standing stones forming circles. Cromlechs form the setting of a religious observatory.It consists of a great circle of evenly spaced uprights supporting horizontal slabs and two inner circles similarly marked with an altarlike stone at the center. All the structure is oriented toward the exact point at which the sun rises on the day of the summer solstice so it must have served as a sun worshiping ritual.

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STONEHENGE SALISBURY,ENGLAND

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MAJOR AND MINOR ARTS Art is mans inner expression produced through a creative activity. Art exists as long as man has existed. A proof of this are the cave paintings found in Altamira,Spain and Lascaux,France. The main element of art is drawing. Every type of visual art uses drawing as its bases. Art is divided into Major arts and Minor arts. Major arts are those that need a big amount of drawing to be excecuted.These are architecture,painting and sculpture. ARCHITECTURE : Is the art of designing buildings and houses.

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ARCHITECTURE PAINTING

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PAINTING:Is the art of representing figures or any image through the use of color.Painting can be done with a wide variety of materials:pastels,oil paints,color pencils,water colors,crayons, etc. SCULPTURE: Is the art of creating three dimensional figures or images in different materials such as stone,marble,wood,metal,etc. Sculptures are usually done in bust,torso or the whole body.The ones done showing someone riding a horse are called equestrians.

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DAVID,done by Michael Angelo

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MINOR ARTS

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Minor arts are the ones that need less amount of drawing to be excecuted.These are pottery,miniature,ceramics,weaving and metallurgy. WEAVING: the art of making objects by interlacing strands of different materials. METALLURGY: the art of making objects with metals such as gold and silver. CERAMIC: the art of making objects from baked clay and other chemicals.Porcelain is ceramic. POTTERY: The art of making objects with baked clay like pots,vases,figures and sculptures. MINIATURE: the art of making, in a very small scale,well finished figures.The most popular are the illustrations found in ancient manuscripts.

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POTTERY MINIATURE

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GEOMETRIC DRAWING THIS TYPE OF DRAWING IS DONE THROUGH THE USE OF LINES. MANY DIFFERENT TYPES OF MATERIALS ARE USED FOR GEOMETRIC DRAWING : RULER T- SQUARE SCALES SCALIMETER PENCILS HB, 2H, 3H ETC. FRENCH CURVE COMPASS PROTACTOR SCALES ARE THE TRIANGLES USED FOR DRAWING LINES AND ANGLES. THESE ARE OF 45 OR 30X 60. WITH THESE AND THE T-SQUARE YOU CAN DRAW VERTICAL,PARALLEL, PERPENDICULAR AND DIAGONAL OR SLANTED LINES. THE PROTACTOR IIS USED FOR MEASURING ANGLES. IT COMES IN A CIRCLE OR IN HALF A CIRCLE. A CIRCLE HAS 360 AND HALF THE CIRCLE HAS 180. PENCILS SPECIAL DRAWING PENCILS SHOULD BE USED. THE HS : H,2H,3H,4H,ETC. THESE ARE HARD PENCILS USED FOR EXTREME PRECISION. THE BS : B,2B,3B,5B,7B,ETC. THESE ARE SOFT PENCILS USED FOR FREE HAND DRAWINGS and FOR SHADINGS.

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T- SQUARE ITS A BIG RULER WITH TWO PARTS : A HEAD AND THE ARM. THE HEAD GOES OUT SIDE THE TABLE TOUCHING THE BORDER.IT IS USED FOR DRAWING LINES AND ALSO FOR SETTING THE SCALES ON TOP. A LINE IS A CONTINUATION OF POINTS. IT IS THE BASE FOR DRAWING. THERE ARE DIFFERENT TYPES OF LINES AND THEY ARE USED IN GEOMETRIC DRAWING. HORIZONTAL: A STRAIGHT LINE THAT GOES PARALLEL WITH THE FLOOR, A RESTING LINE. VERTICAL: AN UPRIGHT STRAIGHT LINE.WHEN A VERTICAL AND A HORIZONTAL LINE MEET THEY CREATE A RIGHT ANGLE. DIAGONAL LINES: SLANTED,INCLINATED LINES LIKE THE ONES IN THE TRIANGLE. CURVED LINES :ROUNDED LINES THAT ADD A SENSE OF MOVEMENT TO A DRAWING. PERSPECTIVE PERSPECTIVE IS A DRAWING TECHNIQUE WERE FIGURES ARE PLACED IN THE CORRECT POSSITION. FIGURES HAVE DEPTH AND ALSO DISTANCE.THE ONES FARTHER AWAY SEEM SMALLER,WHILE THE ONES CLOSER TO THE VIEWER SEEM BIGGER.

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Power point presentation20 pts. Horizontal lines 5 pts. Vertical lines 5 pts. Grid 5 pts. Grid 10 pts. Circles 5 pts. Circles 10 pts. Stars 5 pts. Stars II 5 pts. Partial exam 25 pts. 100%

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PALEOLITHIC AND NEOLITHIC ART 20 pts.P.p.p. 9 slides Topics: Paleolithic Art : Describe the Paleolithic Art sculpture, painting (6 sentences ) Neolithic Art: Describe Neolithic architecture (6 sentences) Oral Explanation of theme 4 pts. Written information 8 pts. 2 pictures per theme 8 pts

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ppp Major AND Minor ARTS-20pts. 11 SLIDES 2 Pictures per art 8 pts Oral explanation 8 pts. Written information 4 pts

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PPP Art 15 pts. groups and rubric

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Name pictures- inf 10 oral inf 5 Lissy Mariana Natalia Cinthia Angela Ana Claudia Arely Sofia Riccy Jacobo Felipe Ricardo