(almost) everything you ever wanted to know about geo (with woeids)
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DESCRIPTION
"(Almost) Everything You Ever Wanted To Know About Geo (with WOEIDs)"; presented on March 10th. 2010 at the London Twitter DevNest 7, at the Sun Customer Briefing Centre in London.TRANSCRIPT
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London Twitter #devnest 7, March 2010
(Almost) Everything You Ever WantedTo Know About Geo (with WOEIDs)…
Gary Gale, Yahoo! Geo Technologies
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the agenda
louisvolant on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/27048731@N03/4003756731/
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3
the agenda• the hello
• the WOEIDs
• the WTF?
• the background
• the geocoding and the geoparsing
• the frustration
• the WOEIDs redux
• the APIs
• the demo
• the goodbye
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4KELLYLEEBARRETT on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/kellylee/4177529745/
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5Gary Gale on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/vicchi/4414198544/
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WOEIDs
stevefaeembra on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/stevefaeembra/3567750853/
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1258934244418
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8David Armano on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/7855449@N02/3158864420/
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some background
blakophoto on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/cleveralias/3158810304/
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let’s talk about geocoding
inF! on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/nathanbarrow/3339245753/
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geocoding is the process of finding associated geographic coordinates (often expressed as latitude and longitude) from other geographic data, such as street addresses, or zip codes (postal codes).
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reverse geocoding is the process of back (reverse) coding of a point location (latitude, longitude) to a readable address or place name.
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noway on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/noway/78606643/
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what? where?
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what? (maybe) where? (maybe)
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this is not geocoding, this is geoparsing
szim90 on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/szim90/272670479/
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geoparsing is the process of assigning geographic identifiers (e.g., codes or geographic coordinates expressed as latitude-longitude) to textual words and phrases that occur in unstructured content.
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cheap flights from london to paris in october
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20
“I’m sorry dave; I can’t find that place”
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21Jamison Judd on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/jamisonjudd/2433102356/
web servers
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22
51° 30' 50.0868", 0° 7' 42.8514"
163.1.117.210
20442/6015
#C5243B212
(125 Shaftesbury Avenue, London, UK)
(Oxford, UK)
(Brest, France)
(Wilmington, Delaware, USA)
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23National Library NZ on The Commons on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/nationallibrarynz_commons/3326203787/
web surfers
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24
The West End
Downtown
The Shops
The High Street
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25
The Online WorldFormal, normalised, structured, regular
The Offline World
Informal, eccentric, bizarre, irregular
The Real World“We Are Here”
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cheap flights from london to paris in october
London
Paris
1) Tokenize
2) Remove common words
3) Remove words not in gazetteer
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“in”… India?
bodhitjal on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/bodhithaj/361857780/
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“in”… Indiana?
OZinOH on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/75905404@N00/505688957/
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“to”… Tonga?
j_buswell on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/j_buswell/3683814556/
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language
Jovike on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/jvk/19894053/
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Thé?a town in Burgundy, France
To?a town in Ibarakiprefecture, Japan
AND?ISO 31660-1 Alpha-3for Andorra
Å?a town in Norland Fylke,Norway
IN?ISO 3166-1 Alpha-2for India
Is?another town in Burgundy, France
IT?ISO 3166-1 Alpha-2 for Italy
You?a town in Yatenga, Burkina Faso
That?a town in Rajasthan, India
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may cause frustration
paloaltosoftware on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/paloalto/3038701605/
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disambiguation
Koen Vereeken on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/koenvereeken/2088902012/
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this is peru …
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and so is this (in argentina)
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and so is this (in bolivia)
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semantics required
dullhunk on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/dullhunk/3525013547/
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Hilton, Paris Paris Hilton
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London Jack London
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Panama Panama Hats
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who uses official names anyway?
takomabibelot on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/takomabibelot/234301712/
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MOMA NYC
paula moya on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/40351463@N00/745012335/
Museum of Modern Art, New York
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Millennium Wheel
hismith83 on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/hismith83/200701961/
London Eye
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San Francisco
SF Brit on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/cnbattson/192162591/
City and County of San Francisco
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WOEIDs (redux)
stevefaeembra on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/stevefaeembra/3567750853/
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1258934244418
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51° 30' 50.0868", 0° 7' 42.8514"
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Unique
Permanent
Global
Language Neutral•London = Londra = Londres = ロンドン•United States = États-Unis = Stati Uniti = 미국
Ensures that geography can be employed consistently and globally
straup on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/straup/3504862388/
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GeoPlanetA Global Location Repository
Names + Geometry +TopologyWOEIDs for
• cities and towns• postal codes, airports
• admin regions, time zones• telephone code areas
• marketing areas• points of interest• colloquial areas• neighbourhoods
woodleywonderworks on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/wwworks/2222523978/
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Continents
Countries
Counties
Regions
Colloquials
Targeting Zones
Postal Codes
Area Codes
Boroughs
Neighbourhoods
POIs
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Stratford-upon-Avon
36424
CV3726787646
Stratford-on-Avon12696101
Warwickshire12602190
England24554868
United Kingdom23424975
Earth1
Vereinigtes Königreich
Royaume Uni
イギリス
Europe24865675
Great Britain28298150
Worcestershire12602192
Warwick39228
Supername
Country
Country
County
District
Town
ZIP
Continent
Colloquial
County
Town
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http://engineering.twitter.com/2010/02/woeids-in-twitters-trends.html
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http://isithackday.com/hacks/placemaker/tweet-locations.php
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http://wherein.yahooapis.com/v1/document
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unlock your api
sam.d on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/samd/65693717/
https://developer.apps.yahoo.com/wsregapp/
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Placemaker Parameters
appid• 100% mandatory
inputLanguage• en-US, fr-CA, …
outputType• XML or RSS
documentContent• text to geoparse
documentTitle• optional title
documentURL• URL to geoparse
documentType• MIME type of doc
autoDisambiguate• remove duplicates
focusWoeid• filter around a WOEID
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// POST to Placemaker
$ch = curl_init();
define('POSTURL', 'http://wherein.yahooapis.com/v1/document');define('POSTVARS', 'appid='.$key.'&documentContent='.urlencode($content).
'&documentType=text/plain&outputType=xml'.$lang); $ch = curl_init(POSTURL);curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1);curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, POSTVARS);curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1); $placemaker = curl_exec($ch);curl_close($ch);
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places
that_james on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/that_james/496797309/
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<placeDetails><place><woeId>44418</woeId><type>Town</type><name><![CDATA[London, England, GB]]></name><centroid><latitude>51.5063</latitude><longitude>-0.12714</longitude></centroid></place><matchType>0</matchType><weight>1</weight><confidence>10</confidence></placeDetails>
One place for WOEID 44418
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references
misterbisson on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/maisonbisson/117720946/
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<reference><woeIds>44418</woeIds><start>1079</start><end>1089</end><isPlaintextMarker>1</isPlaintextMarker><text><![CDATA[London, UK]]></text><type>plaintext</type><xpath><![CDATA[]]></xpath></reference><reference><woeIds>44418</woeIds><start>1116</start><end>1126</end><isPlaintextMarker>1</isPlaintextMarker><text><![CDATA[London, UK]]></text><type>plaintext</type><xpath><![CDATA[]]></xpath></reference>
Two references for WOEID 44418
Two references for WOEID 44418
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// turn into an PHP object and loop over the results
$places = simplexml_load_string($placemaker, 'SimpleXMLElement',
LIBXML_NOCDATA); if($places->document->placeDetails){
$foundplaces = array();
// create a hashmap of the places found to mix with// the references found
foreach($places->document->placeDetails as $p){$wkey = 'woeid'.$p->place->woeId;$foundplaces[$wkey]=array(
'name'=>str_replace(', ZZ','',$p->place->name).'', 'type'=>$p->place->type.'', 'woeId'=>$p->place->woeId.'', 'lat'=>$p->place->centroid->latitude.'', 'lon'=>$p->place->centroid->longitude.'’
);}
}
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// loop over references and filter out duplicates
$refs = $places->document->referenceList->reference;$usedwoeids = array();foreach($refs as $r){
foreach($r->woeIds as $wi){if(in_array($wi,$usedwoeids)){
continue;} else {
$usedwoeids[] = $wi.'';}$currentloc = $foundplaces["woeid".$wi];if($r->text!='' && $currentloc['name']!='' &&
$currentloc['lat']!='' && $currentloc['lon']!=''){
$text = preg_replace('/\s+/',' ',$r->text);$name = addslashes(str_replace(', ZZ’,
$currentloc['name']));$desc = addslashes($text);$lat = $currentloc['lat'];$lon = $currentloc['lon'];$class = stripslashes($desc)."|$name|$lat|$lon";$placelist.= "<li>".
}}
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http://www.vicchi.org/speaking
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the internet is broken
Nesster on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/nesster/3168425434/
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// load the URL, using YQL to filter the HTML// and fix UTF-8 nasties
$url = 'http://www.vicchi.org/speaking';
$realurl = 'http://query.yahooapis.com/v1/public/yql’.'?q=select%20*%20'.'from%20html%20where%20url%20%3D
%20%22'.urlencode($url).'%22&format=xml';
$ch = curl_init(); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $realurl); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1); $c = curl_exec($ch); curl_close($ch);if(strstr($c,'<')){
$c = preg_replace("/.*<results>|<\/results>.*/",'',$c);$c = preg_replace("/<\?xml version=\"1\.0\"".
" encoding=\"UTF-8\"\?>/",'',$c);$c = strip_tags($c);$c = preg_replace("/[\r?\n]+/"," ",$c);
}
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minor annoyances
swooshthesnail on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/swooshthesnail/3281681399/
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50,000 bytes
ASurroca on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/asurroca/147049402/
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no json
X
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post not get
sludgegulper on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/sludgeulper/2645478209/
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http://where.yahooapis.com/v1/
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collections
bradman334 on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/bradman334/3402569690/
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collections
• lists of related resources, such as places
• e.g. find all places called “london”
http://where.yahooapis.com/v1/places.q('london');count=0?appid=[your id]
• e.g. find the most likely place called “london”
http://where.yahooapis.com/v1/places.q('london’)?appid=[your id]
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<places xmlns="http://where.yahooapis.com/v1/schema.rng" xmlns:yahoo="http://www.yahooapis.com/v1/base.rng" yahoo:start="0" yahoo:count="1" yahoo:total="22"><place yahoo:uri="http://where.yahooapis.com/v1/place/44418" xml:lang="en-us"><woeid>44418</woeid><placeTypeName code="7">Town</placeTypeName><name>London</name><country type="Country" code="GB">United Kingdom</country><admin1 type="Country" code="GB-ENG">England</admin1><admin2 type="County" code="">Greater London</admin2><admin3></admin3><locality1 type="Town">London</locality1><locality2></locality2><postal></postal><centroid><latitude>51.506321</latitude><longitude>-0.127140</longitude></centroid><boundingBox><southWest><latitude>51.261318</latitude><longitude>-0.563000</longitude></southWest><northEast><latitude>51.686031</latitude><longitude>0.280360</longitude></northEast></boundingBox></place></places>
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resources
joshuarichards on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/joshywoshywoo/124671979/
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resources
• unique objects that contain multiple attributes, such as a place
• e.g. get attributes for WOEID 44418
http://where.yahooapis.com/v1/place/44418?appid=[your id]
• e.g. find the most likely place called “london”
http://where.yahooapis.com/v1/places.q('london’)?appid=[your id]
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resources
• unique objects that contain multiple attributes, such as a place
• e.g. get places related to WOEID 44418
http://where.yahooapis.com/v1/place/44418/relation?appid=[your id]
• parent, ancestors, belongsto, neighbours, siblings, children
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><places xmlns="http://where.yahooapis.com/v1/schema.rng" xmlns:yahoo="http://www.yahooapis.com/v1/base.rng" yahoo:start="0" yahoo:count="10" yahoo:total="34"><place yahoo:uri="http://where.yahooapis.com/v1/place/12695806" xml:lang="en-us"><woeid>12695806</woeid><placeTypeName code="10">Local Administrative Area</placeTypeName><name>City of London</name></place><place yahoo:uri="http://where.yahooapis.com/v1/place/12695807" xml:lang="en-us"><woeid>12695807</woeid><placeTypeName code="10">Local Administrative Area</placeTypeName><name>London Borough of Camden</name></place><place yahoo:uri="http://where.yahooapis.com/v1/place/12695808" xml:lang="en-us"><woeid>12695808</woeid><placeTypeName code="10">Local Administrative Area</placeTypeName><name>London Borough of Hackney</name></place>…</places>
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Far more than you could ever wanthttp://delicious.com/codepo8/geotoys
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never work with children, animals or live demos
elephipelephi on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/elephipelephi/1493013250/
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not taking notes?
selva on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/selva/24604141/
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London Twitter #devnest 7, March 2010
(Almost) Everything You Ever WantedTo Know About Geo (with WOEIDs)…
Gary Gale, Yahoo! Geo Technologies
http://slideshare.net/vicchi
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thanks for listening
Paul Keleher on Flickr : http://www.flickr.com/photos/pkeleher/1658311814/
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www.ygeoblog.com
twitter.com/vicchi
twitter.com/yahoogeo