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Organics in the Suisun Marsh

Harry L. Allen, U.S. EPA

Region 9 FOSC

Bioremedation of Diesel Range

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Background Pipeline spill occurred on April 27, 2004 Greater than 100,000 gallons of diesel fuel

released to a wetland

Area is approximately 242 acres in size and ismanaged as a duck hunting clubs

Water levels controlled by levees and gates Responders designated 2 divisions: A (a

brood pond) and B (a shooting area)

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A B

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Incident Command

Logistics Planning Operations

JIC

EPA

Safety

Area A Crew

Area B Crew

Liaison

Unified CommandFOSC USCG/U.S..EPA

SOSC CA DFGRP Kinder Morgan EP

FinanceKMEP, Contractors KMEP, Contractors KMEP, Contractors

Environmental UnitCA DFG

KMEP,

CA DFG OSPR,KMEP, USCG PST

KMEP, EPA, OSPR

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Response Strategies Mechanical

Booming, absorbent materials, skimming, andexcavation

Water level management Tide gate adjustments were utilized to drain

Division B

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Response Strategies An evaluation of cleanup alternatives

determined that bioremediation was highlyfeasible and cost effective

Add polyphosphate (Div A) & di-ammoniumphosphate (Div B) to affected soils to facilitatebiodegradation of diesel in soil

Tilling for aeration

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Response Coordination State:

Department of Fish & Game and Regional WaterQuality Control Board

Federal:

NOAA, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Endangered Species Issues

DOI Cultural and Historic Properties Issues

Regional Response Team

Approval of nutrient addition

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Will bioremediation work.before winter arrives?

Heterotrophic plate count and respirometrystudy (KMEP lead) High populations of TPH degraders present

Populations increase in presence of oxygen

Bench-scale tests (EPA lead) Up to 40% degradation observed in bench flasksafter 14 days

Preparations!ConstructionMouse catching

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Monitoring Water and soil samples collected regularly by

EPA and KMEP Effectiveness of response measures will be

determined by decreases in Total PetroleumHydrocarbon (TPH analysis) and by sheen tests

Bioremediation will be measured specifically byModified GC/MS fingerprint analysis

Biomarker ratios will be derived

C17:Pristane C18:Phytane

Pristane:Phytane

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Soil Sampling Results (Division A)Mean

Concentration 8653 1907 1380 606 352

Time (days) T0 T27 T32 T62 T99

PercentRemoval NA 77.96 84.04 92.99 95.93

Maximum

Concentration 160000 13000 8700 1600 860

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Biomarker Ratio Trends

Division A

R2

R2

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

7/ 7/

i

( i

(

Untransformed Biomarker Data - Samples TS-A-10

= 0.8424

= 0.985

7/1/2004 8/2004 7/14/2004 21/2004 7/28/2004 8/2/2004

Sampling Date

Ratio

C17:Pr stane TS-A-10

C18:Phytane TS-A-10

Linear C17:Pr stane TS-A-10)

Linear C18:Phytane TS-

A-10)

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Biomarker Ratio Trends Division A

R2

R2

7

/1/200

4

7

/8/200

4

7/14

/200

4

7/21

/200

4

7/28

/200

4

8

/2/200

4

i

i

i

( i

)(

)

LN-Transformed Biomarker Data

= 0.8669

= 0.961

-0.2000

0.0000

0.2000

0.4000

0.6000

0.8000

1.0000

1.2000

Sampling Date

L

NR

atio


C18:Phytane TS-A-10


C18:Phytane TS-A-15


C18:Phytane TS-A-20

Linear C17:Pr stane

TS-A-10Linear C18:Phytane

TS-A-10

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Biomarker Ratio Trends Division B

Transformed Biomarker Ratios - Samples ES-1 & ES-4

R2 = 0.7251

R2 = 0.5893

-0.80

-0.60

-0.40

-0.20

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

7/1/200

4

7/8/200

4

7/14/200

4

7/22

/200

4

7/28

/200

4

8/4/200

4

Sampling Dates

LN

Ratio

ln C17/Pristane (ES-4)

ln C18/Phytane (ES-4)

ln C17/Pristane (ES-1)

ln C18/Phytane (ES-1)

Linear (ln C18/Phytane (ES-4))

Linear (ln C17/Pristane (ES-4))

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Bioremediation Lessons Learned Start early!

A more timely application of nutrients in future spillswill allow for improved evaluation.

Response measures achieved interim remediation goals but raise questions Was nutrient addition necessary?

Consider other lines of evidence prior tocrediting the specific approach as clearly

successful. TPH data should be normalized to reduce potential

errors.

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Keep in TouchHarry Allen, OSC

Phone: 415-972-3063

Email: [email protected]

Website: www.epaosc.org

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