allan sandilands - strathclyde university presentation - nov 10
TRANSCRIPT
Reaping the benefits of reducing waste
How to minimise the volume of waste produced in the construction sector
Zero Waste Scotland - Construction
Allan SandilandsKey Account ManagerConstruction
Rupert Carrick Business Resource EfficiencySector Manager
Introduction
• Who are Zero Waste Scotland?• Why target construction waste?• What is the Zero Waste Plan and
how does it impact on the construction sector?
• What are the barriers and challenges to reducing waste?
• Reducing waste – where do you start?
Who are Zero Waste Scotland?
Zero Waste Scotland
Zero Waste Scotland and others
Accessing one service
will open doors to others
Business
£30 energy spend
Regulation
Resources & Waste
Energy
The Zero Waste Plan and Construction
Scotland’s Zero Waste Plan
• Policy roadmap for next 15 years• Change in emphasis from ‘domestic’ towards
‘business’ waste streams• Timetable for landfill bans for specific waste
types• Timetable for mandating source segregation
and separate collection• Restrictions on inputs to energy from waste
facilities• Action to change thinking away from ‘waste’
and towards ‘resources’• Changes to planning system to speed up
approval of infrastructure• Improved data capture and analysis to help
manage improvement
Zero Waste Plan Scotland – Actions
1. Develop a Waste Prevention Programme for all waste in order to place prevention at the heart of zero waste policy and action.
2. Introduce a long term target of 70% recycling for all waste arising in Scotland by 2025, regardless of its source, based on improved data and supported by sector-specific programmes of work.
3. Use powers to introduce regulatory reporting to improve data on resource use by the business sector by October 2010.
4. Introduce progressive bans on the types of materials that may be disposed of in landfill, and associated support measures, to ensure that no resources with a value for reuse or recycling are sent to landfill by 2020.
5. Introduce a carbon metric for waste, to identify and prioritise the materials with the highest environmental benefit for recycling, leading to better environmental outcomes, and a more efficient economy. This metric will complement the existing tonnage metric.
Timetable for bans
• Bans will be put in place preventing:– Unsegregated waste being collected– Segregated wastes being mixed– Organic / biodegradable waste being landfilled
• Anaerobic Digestion (AD) is preferred technology for organic wastes
• EfW plants have role in dealing with treated wood, waste oil etc
Proposed Timetable (subject to consultation)• Source segregation of dry recyclables and food waste by April
2013• Landfill ban of dry recyclables and food waste by April 2015• Complete landfill ban on biodegradable waste by April 2017
Why target construction waste?
Construction waste in Scotland• Scotland produces large quantities of waste –
almost 20 million tonnes in 2008.
• This comes from a range of sources:– household waste accounting for 2.9 Mt
compared with; – 8.6 Mt from the construction industry; and – 7.9 Mt from the rest of the commercial and
industrial sector.
• Construction waste ~44%* of total Scottish waste
• 26% of construction waste is packaging
• 13% raw materials discarded unused
Why take action?
• Reduce environmental burdens– less waste to landfill– less site traffic– lower carbon footprint
• Maintain reputation– demonstrate CSR– demonstrate efficiency
and sustainable procurement
• Cut costs– lower tender prices
Landfill Tax
• Escalator extended to 2014 for non-inert waste
2014 £80/tonne
2013 £72/tonne
2012 £64/tonne
2011 £56/tonne
2010 £48/tonne
2009 £40/tonne
2008 £32/tonne
2007 £24/tonne
Opportunities to reduce costs
Cash savings
Materials purchase costs
Avoided purchase
Lower wastage
allowances
e.g. D&E reuse, in-
situ stabilisatio
n
e.g. design, ordering, logistics
System costs
Lower life-cycle costs
e.g. OSC, design for
refurbishment
Waste disposal costs
Less waste in total
Lower skip rates for
higher value materials
e.g. on-site segregation, efficient
MRF
Waste disposal costs are only the tip of the iceberg……
The original purchase price
and transportation
costs of the materials
+
The cost of their handling,
storage, transport and
disposal
+
The loss of income from not salvaging the materials
• e.g. For 8 cu yd skip:– Skip hire £ 85– Labour to fill skip £ 163– Cost of materials put in skip £1095
– TOTAL TRUE COST £1343
AMEC Case Study
Net savings
New build primary school (total cost £4.3m)
Value % of £4.3m
Potential savings £49k 1.15%
Cost to achieve £20k 0.46%
Total potential savings
£29k 0.69%
New build secondary school(total cost £22.5m)
Value % of £22.5m
Potential savings £160k 0.71%
Cost to achieve £30k 0.12%
Total potential savings
£130k 0.59%
Savings from reducing wastage rates and segregating waste
New build – accommodation block
Value of materials wasted
Cost of waste
disposal
Total cost of waste
Total cost of waste as % of construction
value (£3.1M)
Baseline practice £98,800 £16,600 £115,400 3.7%
Good practice (top opportunities)
£45,000 £6,800 £51,800 1.7%
Improvement over baseline
£53,800 £9,800 £63,600 2.1%
Where do we start?
Eliminate
Reduce
Reuse
Recycle
Dispose
Traditional Focus for Waste Planning
New National Waste Plan focus for business waste
The Waste Heirarchy
How do we move up the waste hierarchy?
• Clients – Include better procurement wording– Set challenging waste and recycled content targets
• Designers – Produce better waste forecasts – Consider waste from the outset
• Contractors – more involved in design and innovation– Better site practices
• Pre-construction
• Outline design
• Detailed design
• Construction
• Post-construction
Tendering & appointment
Prevent waste
Forecast wasteReduce wasteIncrease RC
Waste reductionWaste recovery
Measure performance
Review performanceBenchmarking
Model wording
Net Waste Tool
Designing out waste
tools/guidance
SWMP TrackerReporting Portal
SW
MP
Tem
pla
te
How do we move up the waste hierarchy?
SWMPs
Outline Design
Detailed Design
Pre Construction
Construction Post Completion
Waste forecasts
Updating with actual
dataStorage
DesignOut waste
Management Actions
Evidence of reduction & recycling
Completed plan
Guidance
The Halving Waste to Landfill Commitment
Halving Waste to Landfill Commitment
“We agree to play our part in halving the amount of construction, demolition and excavation waste going to landfill by 2012.
We will work to adopt and implement standards for good practice in reducing waste, recycling more, and increasing the use of recycled and recovered materials”
Halving Waste to Landfill Commitment
• 501 signatories to date• Over £13bn of projects have
set procurement requirements
• Scottish Government has signed up to the Commitment
• EC policy asks Member States to include Green Public Procurement criteria in 50% of tenders by 2010
Headline Commitment
Clients ContractorsDesigners &Consultants
Manufacturers & Suppliers
Waste management contractors
90 172 59 60 86
Government Department
9
Sector Body / Supporter
25
Project-level requirements
SWMPs Implement a SWMP and set project-specific targets for waste reduction, recovery and recycled content
KPIs Measure and report waste produced and waste to landfill (tonnes per £100k)
Waste recovery rate
Construction materials: 70% minimumDemolition & excavation: 80% minimum
Reused and recycled content
10% minimum in new build and refurbishment projects
Video – True Cost of Waste• Video link – Envirowise case study
http://envirowise.wrap.org.uk/uk/Sectors/Construction/Sector-Services/True-Cost-of-Waste.341603.html
Barriers – what is stopping us reducing our waste?
Barriers
• Lack of knowledge of true cost of waste• No system of measuring site waste
– You can’t manage what you don’t measure!• No control mechanisms in place to manage material and site
waste• Lack of awareness of good practice• Poor staff buy-in (internal workers and external sub-
contractors)• Environment “not priority area” – greater H&S focus• Time• Economic difficulties
Common causes of on-site waste
Source Cause
Materials handling Inappropriate material handling / storage
Damage during transportation / delivery
Mishandling
Packaging
Construction Offcuts
Poor installation
Damage caused by subsequent trades
Rework
Weather
Vandalism / theft
Site office waste
Good practice on-site
Good practice on-site
• Clean and tidy site (safer)• Collate waste data (e.g. waste transfer notes)• Maximise reduction and reuse of waste where possible• Maximise waste segregation• Manage materials on-site• Ensure site staff (inc. subcontractors!) have high standards
and know what is expected of them• Make use of signage (skips, materials, fuel)• Ensure fuel storage equipment is bunded and ensure spill
kits, absorbent material and drip trays are available
Site Waste Management Plans
Planning
1. Identify who is responsible for producing the SWMP- Assign overall responsibility for the SWMP
2. Identify the types and quantities of waste likely to arise- Assess each stage and estimate waste volumes
3. Identify waste management options- Determine your on-site waste management options
and choose in line with waste hierarchy
Site Management
4. Identify waste management services and contractors- Determine by who and how your waste will be treated / disposed of
5. Plan for efficient materials and waste handling- Optimise material supply & procurement of materials and set SWMP waste targets
6. Carry out appropriate training- Ensure all SWMP roles and responsibilities are understood by staff
Measure & Review
7. Measure your waste- Use waste quantities, types, volumes, tonnage to track trends and progress towards SWMP targets
8. Agree a measurement and monitoring programme- Audit to ensure targets are met and lessons are learned for future projects
9. Review SWMP performance- Generate report to assess performance of SWMP to improve for future projects£ / Tonne - % Recycled Comparison
40
50
60
70
80
April May J une J uly Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec J an Feb March2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
£ / Tonne
£ / Tonne Target
% Recycled
% Recycled Baseline
SWMP Benefits
SWMPs provide:
• A structured approach to waste management on site• Controls for ensuring legal compliance• Risk reduction• A framework for identifying cost savings by:
– Improving the management of materials on site and off site– Improving the management of waste for recovery rather than
disposal– Sending less waste for disposal
Reduce waste, improve resource use & save money!!MAKES GOOD BUSINESS SENSE!
Case study examples
Case Study 1 - Laing O’Rourke
Edinburgh Schools project:
• Review of Laing O’Rourke (LOR) SWMP and further development
• Roll-out support extending SWMP across other LOR sites• Early Warning System development - linked to client KPIs
Actual savings of £651,880130,901 tonnes of waste diverted from landfill
Case Study 2 - Clark Contracts
Perth Office Refurbishment and Johnstone High School:
• SWMP development & implementation support
– Waste diversion rate from landfill of 61%– Additional ~£13,247 saved by switching to a total
waste management contract– Demonstration of environmental improvements which
helped attain ISO 14001
Savings of >£49,000 to date~3,758 tonnes waste diverted from landfill
Case study 3 – DCHA / Lovell
Hyvots & Moredun Park, Edinburgh
• SWMP training for Lovell and DCHA and sustainable design discussion
– Escalating porch costs due to: • Unforeseen ground conditions affecting the substructure• Requirement to divert services to where the porches were to be built
– Re-design the porches:• Omit some glazed panels• Omit specialist cladding, replace with larch • Omit feature steel
Saving of £4,000 over 17 porchesTotal savings = £68,000
