All you need to know aboutDengue

Science ACE Powerpoint PresentationDone by: Lim Chun Han (16) 1P1

Overview of Presentation

What dengue is Dengue fever and Dengue hemorrhagic

fever (DHF) How dengue spreads About Aedes mosquitoes Symptoms and treatments Preventing Dengue

What Dengue Fever is

Disease caused by any one of four closely related dengue viruses: (DENV 1, DENV 2, DENV 3, or DENV 4)

Viruses are transmitted to the human body with help of Aedes mosquitoes

What is dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF)?

A more severe form of dengue infection

Can be fatal if unrecognised Caused by infection with the same

viruses

How do these two types of fever spread?

Transmitted to people by the bite of an Aedes mosquito that is infected by a dengue virus

Symptoms may or may not shown, varying from individuals

Virus will be transmitted from the mosquito to the human body in about a week

Cannot spread from human to human

About Aedes mosquitoes

Becomes infective 7 days after it has bitten a person infected with dengue

Its average lifespan is 2 weeks Peak biting is at dawn and dusk

Symptoms of dengue fever

High fever Severe headache Severe pain behind eyes Joint, muscle and bone pain Rash Mild bleeding Vomiting

Symptoms of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF)

Similar to those of the normal dengue fever, just that: Fever may last from 2 – 7 days When fever declines, vomiting, severe

abdominal pain and difficulty breathing may develop

Tend to bruise easily or other types of skin hemorrhages (e.g. bleeding nose or gum, internal bleeding)

Treatment for dengue fever (Part I)

No specific medication yet Infected people should use:

analgesics (pain relievers) with acetaminophen

Avoid analgesics containing aspirins

Treatments for Dengue Fever (Part II)

Rest, drink plenty of fluids and consult a physician

If infected person feels worse in the first 24 hours after the fever declines… Go to the hospital immediately for

evaluation

Treatments for dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF)

No specific medication Can be treated by fluid replacement

therapy If an early clinical diagnosis is made

Might require hospitalisation

Where outbreaks of dengue fever can occur

Areas where Ae. aegypti mosquitoes live

Most tropical urban areas May be introduced into areas by

travellers who become infected while visiting place where dengue fever can occur

Preventing dengue (Part I)

No vaccine Eliminate places where the

mosquito lays her eggs Primarily artificial containers that hold

water Items that contain rainwater should

be properly handled

Preventing dengue (Part II)

Such items should be emptied and cleaned at least once a week: Pet and animal watering containers Vases with fresh flowers

Such methods can reduce the risk of being infected by dengue: Using air conditioning Using window and door screens

Preventing Dengue (Part III)

Preventing dengue can also be comprehended into five steps:

Turn pails and watering cans over and store them under shelter

Remove water in plant pot plates. Clean and scrub the plate to remove mosquito

eggs

Replace the gully trap with non-perforated ones and install anti-

mosquito valves

Cover bamboo pole holders after use

Preventing Dengue (Part III) Cont’d

On every other day, change the water in the flower vases and clean and scrub the inner sides

of the flower vases. Wash roots of flowers and plants thoroughly as well

Preventing Dengue (Part III) Cont’d

Preventing Dengue - Insect repellents

A good tool for repelling mosquitoes Precautions to take:

Do not use them under clothing Do not use over cuts, wounds and

irritating skins Do not apply to eyes and mouth Use just enough Do not allow children to handle the

product

Preventing dengue - Potential breeding sites for Aedes mosquitoes

Flower pot Flower pot plate Hardened soil of potted plants Collar of toilet bowls Gully trap Roof gutter Road side drain Scupper drain

Preventing dengue - Potential mosquito breeding sites