all together- mid term exam dent 461

8/13/2019 All Together- Mid Term Exam Dent 461

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Recommendations from the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry include:

Infants should not be put to sleep with a bottle. Atwill! nocturnal breastfeedin"

should be a#oided after the first primary tooth be"ins to erupt. Parents should be encoura"ed to ha#e infants drin$ from a cup as they approach

their first birthday. Infants should be weaned from the bottle at %&%' months of a"e.

Consumption of (uices from a bottle should be a#oided. )hen (uices are offered! itshould be from a cup.

*ral hy"iene measures should be implemented by the time of eruption of the first

primary tooth. All of the abo#e

,he clinical appearance of early childhood caries is characteristic and

patho"nomonic. ,he teeth most affected are the: Primary ma-illary incisors

Primary mandibular incisors

Primary ma-illary first molar

Primary ma-illary second molar Primary mandibular molars

,he primary mandibular incisors usually remain intact in early childhood caries

because of:

,he erupti#e pattern of primary teeth i"h calcium content of the teeth

Physical protection from the ton"ue

Post erupti#e maturation

)hich of the followin" statements is false:

,he three causati#e factors that must be present for caries to occur are cario"enicmicroor"anisms in pla/ue! cario"enic and fermentable carbohydrates! and a susceptibletooth and host

,he primary cario"enic microor"anism found in pla/ue is 0. 1utans

Cario"enic microor"anisms brea$ down sucrose to an acid that will increase thep of pla/ue

Deminerali2ation of the tooth depends upon how fre/uently the acid is in contact

with the tooth surface

In addition to biolo"ical factors! some psycholo"ical and beha#ioral factors can

affect the de#elopment of early childhood caries as follows: Chronically sic$ children may be predisposed to 3CC due to the presence of enamel

defects related to the systemic condition and the inta$e of lon"term cario"enic

medications Child4s temperament may affect parent4s ability to mana"e the child4s beha#ior

affectin" his feedin" habits

3CC is more pre#alent in ethnic minorities! indi"enous immi"rants as a result of

cultural norms re"ardin" oral health! poor prenatal diet and child rearin" practices


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hi"h domestic stress! older siblin"s with 3CC! and low dental awareness coupled

with cultural feedin" practices are factors predisposin" to 3CC

All of the abo#e is true

Children sufferin" from 3CC may ha#e lower body wei"ht and hei"ht5 they e#enmay be below 678 of their normal wei"ht indicatin" failure to thri#e.

,rue

9alse

Due to parent4s perception that caries is an isolated problem than can be treated

repetiti#ely5 repeated treatment of 3CC under A is uncommon.

,rue 9alse

,he recommended a"e for a child4s first dental #isit is appro-imately:

; months %& months

%&%6 months &' years

A partial solution to the problem of delayin" or e#en pre#entin" #erticaltransmission of 0. 1utans from mother to child would be:

Prescribe antibiotics to the mother to be ta$en immediately after the birth of the

child to pre#ent the transmission of 01 to the child

prescribe a 7.%&8 Chlorhe-idine mouth rinse to be used durin" this prenatal andperinatal period to reduce the number of 01 in the sali#a of infected indi#iduals

a#e the mother use ba$in" soda toothpaste to reduce bacterial le#el

All the abo#e

,he main mechanism of action of fluoride is:Preerupti#e and systemic

Preerupti#e and local

Posterupti#e and systemic

Posterupti#e and local=one of the abo#e is the main mechanism.

,he optimum fluoride concentration in drin$in" community water is:7.7 ppm ? % ppm

7.% ppm ? % ppm

7. ppm ? %.& ppm7.% ppm

=one of the abo#e can be true. It depends on the climate of the area! so

we can not predict such #alue.


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,he most common fluoride compound used as a daily mouthrinse is =a9. Its

concentration is:

7.@8 =a97.&8 =a9

7.7@8 =a9

7.7&8 =a9=one of the abo#e! the concentrations "i#en are for the fluoride and not

=a9.

*ne of the followin" factors is not important in prescribin" systemic fluoride:

A"e of the child

Concentration of fluoride in the child4s primary drin$in" water

,he alo effectB related to the child.Ability of the child to spit the e-cess fluoride

=one of the abo#e.

,he hi"hest fluoride concentration can be found in which of the followin"compounds:

9luoride wee$ly mouthrinse.9luoride "el professional use.

,he hi"hest stren"th fluoridated toothpaste

9luoride #arnish.9luoride prophyla-is paste professional use.

,o differentiate between milder forms of fluorosis and =onfluoride enamel opacities!

the later is characteri2ed by:sually centered in smooth surface.

*ften o#al or round

sually seen on si- or ei"ht homo"enous teeth at the same time of crownformation.

A and E only

All of the abo#e are true.

,he fluoride concentration in the AP9 you use in the pediatric dentistry clinic is :

%&;77 ppm 9%&;7 ppm 9

%&.;77 ppm 9

%.&; ppm 9=one of the abo#e is the true concentration because we need to calculate

the 9luoride content in this compound.

,hreshold for dental fluorosis is:

7.7; ? % m" 9 F" of the body wei"ht

7.7; ? 7.% m" 9 F" of the body wei"ht

7.% ? 7.; m" 9 F" of the body wei"ht


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7.; ? % "m 9 F" of the body wei"ht

7.7; ? % "m 9 F" of the body wei"ht

A child in"ested %7 ml of @8 =a9. ow much fluoride did he in"estG

@77 m" 9

@7 m" 9&&@ m" 9

@777 m" 9

&&.@ m" 9

,ell show do is an inte"ral component of beha#iour shapin",rue

false

a#ersi#e conditionin" aims at immediate interception of undesired beha#iour ,rue

false

*ne of the a#ailable non pharmacolo"ical methods for beha#iour mana"ement of a

& year old child is hand o#er mouth ,rue

false

positi#e reinforcement utilises material "ifts only to reward "ood beha#iour true

false

#oice control is one of the a#ersi#e conditionin" methods

true

false

for youn"er children dental appointments should be scheduled as early in the day as

possible and be as short as possible

true false

ne"ati#e reinforcement is punishin" the child for bad beha#iour true

false

while administerin" local anesthesia to a child! a useful ad(unct to beha#iour

mana"ement in this case is distraction

true

false


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on 9ran$le beha#iour ratin" scale ratin" three would be a child who cried

throu"hout the procedure and demonstrated mar$edly ne"ati#e beha#iour true

false

*n )ri"ht beha#iour ratin" scale a ; year old mentally challen"ed child is classified

as uncooperati#e

true false

The diet sheet should be given to the patient with the following instructions,

choose the incorrect statement:

9illin" details of food inta$e of any three consecuti#e days in the wee$

,he food inta$e should be indicated with relati#e /uantities

,he patients should fill the sheet themsel#es 0ubstitutes to cario"enic foods should be "i#en such as cheese! nuts and dairy

products ,he best substitute to cario"enic drin$s are water and mil$

A mother of a 7-month old baby with the !"# erupted enters to your clinic

as$ing about cleaning her baby%s teeth, you would give her the following advice

e&cept:

0tart brushin" twice daily when the child "ets one year old ,he mother may start wipin" newly erupted incisors with "au2e

,o use fluoridated toothpaste

,here is no ad#anta"e of usin" an electric toothbrush o#er a manual one withre"ards to efficiency

The most important advantage of chlorhe&idine gel '()*+A)# that

ma$es it useful for patients suffering post-radiation mucositis is:

Hess stainin"

0li"ht aftertaste from use

Hess irritation 1ay be used for children under @ years

.hich of the following statements is true about the bonding mechanism of

fissure sealants:

,here are two types of possible surface patterns after etchin" a tooth5

preferential remo#al of prism cores! or preferential remo#al of prism peripheries Resin ta"s are about '7 m deep

Primary enamel has hi"her retention rates for sealants than permanent enamel

Retention of sealants is the direct result of chemical bond with the enamel


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+ne of the following statements is incorrect with regards to use of fissure

sealants /0#:

90 may be placed in primary or permanent teeth! retention is less in primaryteeth

90 should be placed on premolars with dens in#a"inatus or dens e#a"inatus

90 should be placed where there is history of caries in the primary teeth 90 should be placed in "eminated teeth

.hich of the following is false about preventive resin restoration '))#:

,he rationale is to restore the tooth with minimal dentin remo#al and pre#ent

future caries

Eitewin"s must be ta$en when there are ti"ht contact points before PRR Hocal anesthesia is usually not re/uired in type I PRR

In type I PRR! the tooth may be restored with "lass ionomer first! then fissure

sealant o#er it

+ne of the following is incorrect about the characteristics of &ylitol:

A noncario"enic su"ar! more effecti#e in caries reduction than sorbitol andsucrose

9indin"s of a recent study ha#e su""ested that the anticario"enic effects in

-ylitol chewin" "um are due to the chewin" process itself In a recent study! there was inhibition of motherchild transmission of 0trep.

mutans leadin" to less caries de#elopment in mothers

Jylitol chewin" "um may be included in the pre#enti#e plan for a patient

)ecaldent is an anticaries product composed of:

Casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate

Calcium phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate Calcium phosphopeptide amorphous casein phosphate

Casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phophoprotein

.hich of the following is true:

Prophyla-is is necessary before acid etchin" for placement of fissure sealants

Carious lesions may become inacti#e under fissure sealant material in most

cases due to nutrient depri#ation and acid treatment of microor"anisms )hen fissure sealant material is fully cured bisphenol A may appear

3stro"enicity of fissure sealants isn4t an issue because bisphenol A is detected

in the sali#a and doesn4t reach the systemic circulation

all together- mid term exam dent 461

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