all mechanisms have some things in common: they involve some kind of motion. they involve some...

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All mechanisms have some things in common:

They involve some kind of motion.

They involve some kind of force.

They make a job easier to do.

They need some kind of input to make them work.

They produce some kind of output

The Mechanisms

Page 3: All mechanisms have some things in common: They involve some kind of motion. They involve some kind of force. They make a job easier to do. They

It´s probably the first machine to be used by humans. It´s a simple machine, because you only need a stick (bar, rigid beam)

The Levers

Page 4: All mechanisms have some things in common: They involve some kind of motion. They involve some kind of force. They make a job easier to do. They

The Lever is a bar with 3 components:

LOAD FULCRUM EFFORT

The Levers

Page 5: All mechanisms have some things in common: They involve some kind of motion. They involve some kind of force. They make a job easier to do. They

There are three types of levers. See what element is in the middle: effort, fulcrum or load.

• Class 1. The fulcrum is in the middle

•Class 2. The load is in the middle

•Class 3. The effort is in the middle

The Levers. Types of levers

Page 6: All mechanisms have some things in common: They involve some kind of motion. They involve some kind of force. They make a job easier to do. They

Archimedes’ Law of the Lever

The Levers. Law of the Lever

W1 is the value of effort.

d1 is the distance between effort and fulcrum.

W2 is the value of load.

d2 is the distance between load and fulcrum.

Law of the Lever

Page 7: All mechanisms have some things in common: They involve some kind of motion. They involve some kind of force. They make a job easier to do. They

Archimedes of Syracuse (c. 287 BC – c. 212 BC)

“Give me a place to stand on, and I will move the earth.”

The Levers

Page 8: All mechanisms have some things in common: They involve some kind of motion. They involve some kind of force. They make a job easier to do. They

The Pulley

Page 9: All mechanisms have some things in common: They involve some kind of motion. They involve some kind of force. They make a job easier to do. They

The Pulley

There are 2 kinds of pulley:

No mechanical advantage:

single pulley

With mechanical advantage:

system pulley

Page 10: All mechanisms have some things in common: They involve some kind of motion. They involve some kind of force. They make a job easier to do. They

The Single Pulley

EffortLoad

pulley

rope

To make the job of lifting large weights easier.

You can’t lift more weight than your own weight. (Limit, Maximun)

Page 11: All mechanisms have some things in common: They involve some kind of motion. They involve some kind of force. They make a job easier to do. They

The System Pulley

To make the job of lifting large weights easier.

The effort is less than the charge: this is the mechanical advantage.

Advantage 2:1

Advantage 4:1

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Page 13: All mechanisms have some things in common: They involve some kind of motion. They involve some kind of force. They make a job easier to do. They

The basic kinds of motion.

Rotary, going round and round

Page 14: All mechanisms have some things in common: They involve some kind of motion. They involve some kind of force. They make a job easier to do. They

Oscillating, swinging backwards and forwards

The basic kinds of motion.

Page 15: All mechanisms have some things in common: They involve some kind of motion. They involve some kind of force. They make a job easier to do. They

Linear, in a straight line

The basic kinds of motion.

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Reciprocating, backwards and forwards, in a straight line

The basic kinds of motion.

Return

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