alkanes: iupac namingfor alkanes naming, step-by-step 1. identify and name the longest contiguous...
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Alkanes: IUPAC Naming
UCI Chem 51ADr. Link
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GoalsAfter this lesson you should be able to
Name alkanes using IUPAC rules
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How to Name an AlkaneOrganic molecules have logical names (usually)
Prefix Parent Name Suffix+ +
substituents (what & where)
Longest Cchain
Functionalgroup
Not needed for alkanes
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Naming, Step-by-Step
1. Identify and name the longest contiguous carbon chain
2. Identify and name substituents
3. Compile full name
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Longest C ChainIdentify the longest carbon chain!
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Numbering the ChainNumber the chain starting from the end that gives lowest substituent location numbers.
2 options with same # of C? Choose the one with the least substituents
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SubstituentsIf it’s not part of the longest chain, it’s a substituent!
alkyl groups
-CH3 methyl
-CH2CH3 ethyl
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More SubstituentsAttach at 1° C
Attach at 2° C
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Even More Substituents!Attach at 1° C Attach at 2° C
Attach at 1° C
Attach at 3° C
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Substituent PracticeIdentify the longest carbon chain, then identify substituents.
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Compiling the NameRemember substituents need locations, too!
Arrange in alphabetical order. Ignore all prefixes EXCEPT “iso”.
Add parent name to the end.
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Naming ExamplesName these alkanes.
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Naming Cyclic Alkanes
Cyclic portion is parent name (cyclo____ane)
Number in direction that gives lowest numbers.
Lowest number goes to highest priority alphabetically
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Cyclic Alkane ExamplesName these cyclic alkanes
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Cyclic and Straight-Chain Portions?
Greater number of carbons takes priority.
If equal number of carbons, go with the cyclic portion as parent name.
1-cyclobutylhexane
1-hexylcyclobutane ?
?
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Wrapping Up
Practice naming acyclic and cyclic alkanes using IUPAC rules.