alison van eenennaam, ph.d.animal biotechnology and genomics education animal biotechnology how,...
TRANSCRIPT
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Animal Biotechnology How, What and Why?
Alison Van Eenennaam, Ph.D. Cooperative Extension Specialist
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics
http://animalscience.ucdavis.edu/animalbiotech/ Vallejo 5/10/2006
mailto:[email protected]
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
What is Biotechnology ?
Biotechnology - The application of science and engineering to living organisms.
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Animal biotechnology
Artificial selection (breeding programs)
Artificial Insemination
Embryo transfer
Using DNA information for the marker-assisted selection of superior animals
Cloning
Genetic engineering
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Manx cats Munchkin cats
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Animal biotechnology
Artificial selection (breeding programs)
Artificial Insemination
Embryo transfer
Using DNA information for the marker-assisted selection of superior animals
Cloning
Genetic engineering
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Cloning by embryo splitting – has been done for 20 years
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Dolly the first adult cell cloned
(1996)
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
What is DNA ?
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Cloning by Nuclear Transfer at Cloning by Nuclear Transfer at
Tissue biopsy is taken from donor cow, Daisy
Donor cells are grown in tissue culture
Donor cell nucleus is transferred to recipient egg
Cloned embryo is transferred to surrogate mother
Pregnancy is monitored by ultrasound
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The two cloned calves,
Dot and Ditto, on display at the State Fair,
were born May 2003
Cloning by Nuclear Transfer at Cloning by Nuclear Transfer at
Tissue biopsy is taken from donor cow, Daisy
Donor cells are grown in tissue culture
Donor cell nucleus is transferred to recipient egg
Cloned embryo is transferred to surrogate mother
Pregnancy is monitored by ultrasound
Em
bry
o T
ran
sfe
r La
bo
rato
ryE
mb
ryo
Tra
nsfe
r La
bo
rato
ry UCUCDAVISDAVISCloning by Nuclear Transfer at Cloning by Nuclear Transfer at
Tissue biopsy is taken from donor cow, Daisy
Donor cells are grown in tissue cultureDonor cells are grown in tissue culture
Donor cell nucleus is transferred to recipient egg
Donor cell nucleus is transferred to recipient egg
Cloned embryo is transferred to surrogate mother
Cloned embryo is transferred to surrogate mother
Pregnancy is monitored by ultrasoundPregnancy is monitored by ultrasoundPregnancy is monitored by ultrasound
Em
bry
o T
ran
sfe
r La
bo
rato
ryE
mb
ryo
Tra
nsfe
r La
bo
rato
ry UCUCDAVISDAVIS
The two cloned calves,
Dot and Ditto, on display at the State Fair,
were born May 2003
Cloning by “Nuclear Transfer”
(take nucleus and transfer it)
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
4/11/06
Many animal species have been since been cloned from adult cells
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Regancrest Emory Derry died unexpectedly.
Who’s Buying? $20,000
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
•Full Flush Unable to supply market demand for his semen
Who’s Buying?
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
The FDA continues to call for a voluntary prohibition of the marketing of milk or meat from
SCNT clones and their offspring
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Cloning used to multiply endangered species
Bessie
Surrogate Mother
Noah
Gaur Ox
Who’s Buying?
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Specialty Cattle Producers
Starlight: record 77 inches ‘tip to tip’
Who’s Buying?
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Who’s Buying? http://www.savingsandclone.com/
$50,000
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Shift gears to Genetic Engineering
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
What is DNA ?
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
World Record 97 lb 4 oz. chinook salmon
(Les Anderson, Kenai River, AK 1985)
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education 18 month old salmon
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
A B
Genetically engineered animals for pharmaceutical production
Cloned transgenic cows for human protein production
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Nexia produces recombinant proteins in the milk of transgenic BELE® goats from which they are extracted. BioSteel™ filaments are used in applications where strength and
flexibility are required, such as medical devices or body armor.
http://www.nexiabiotech.com/
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
“Transplantation-friendly” miniature GE pigs….
lack the allergenic proteins that cause the rejection of animal organs when used in
human xenotransplantation surgeries
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
EnviropigTM (Low-phosphorus manure) http://www.uoguelph.ca/enviropig/
Nature Biotechnology, 19, 741 - 745, (2001).
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Animals, especially pets, occupy a special place in our society. The public is often unaware of animal agricultural practices.
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Genetically engineered fish and cloned cats – oh my...
12/2004
http://www.glofish.com/default.asphttp://www.savingsandclone.com/index2.html
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Interfering with the integrity or telos of an animal
‘will lead to abnormal outcomes’
‘man is playing God’
‘will cause economic disaster’
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
What’s up in the blogosphere ?
Posted by Christina “Will cloned food sources by labeled as such? I am certainly not in support of it, will avoid it and will continue to support organic food sources as much as possible. What are our leaders thinking and why, as a US Citizen and registered voter, don't I get a say in this? Very disturbing!”
Posted by Quignoff “There are many people that obviously do not know that we eat cloned, genetically engineered foods every single day. Nearly all of the plant foods that we eat have been engineered. Besides, our bodies have no idea that the food it's eating is cloned or not; dna is dna is dna as far as our stomachs and the microbes that live there are concerned.”
Posted by Troy
“Why not? Dead cow is dead cow regardless of its possible parentage.”
http://www.supermarketguru.com/page.cfm/14894
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
Genetic
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
10
20
30
50
FIVE
QUESTIONS
GENETIC JEOPARDY
40
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
ANSWER 1
It is the application of
science and engineering to
living organisms
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
What is biotechnology ?
QUESTION 1
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
ANSWER 2
It is the dairy cow
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
QUESTION 2
What is the black and white
cow (Holstein breed) ?
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
ANSWER 3
It is the process of making a
genetically identical copy of
an individual.
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
QUESTION 3
What is cloning ?
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
ANSWER 4
It is the name for all of the
DNA in each cell of an
organism.
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
QUESTION 4
What is the genome ?
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
ANSWER 5
She was the first animal
cloned from an adult cell.
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
QUESTION 5
Who was Dolly (the sheep) ?
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
FINAL JEOPARDY
It is a linear molecule that is
shaped like a double helix and it is made up of pairs of
nucleotides
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education
FINAL JEOPARDY
What is DNA ?
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Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Education