algeria tunisia morocco
DESCRIPTION
Algeria Tunisia Morocco. Link to syllabus. Link to Algeria Chronology. Link to World Debt Tables. Link to World Debt Tables. Link to Encyclopedia of the Orient. Link to http://i-cias.com/e.o/index.htm. Map of northern Africa. Algeria Map. Algeria Physical map. Ahmed Ben Balla. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Algeria Tunisia Morocco
Link to syllabus
![Page 2: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Link to Algeria Chronology
![Page 3: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Link to World Debt Tables
Link to World Debt Tables
![Page 4: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Link to Encyclopedia of the Orient
Link to http://i-cias.com/e.o/index.htm
![Page 5: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Map of northern Africa
![Page 6: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Algeria Map
![Page 7: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Algeria Physical map
![Page 8: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Ahmed Ben Balla
Born 1916President 1963-65
A soldier in the French armyduring WWII, he was a founderof the FLN. Spent several yearsin French prisons. Criticized forinflated ideological rhetoric.After his overthrow he was keptunder house arrest, then sent into exile until 1990.
![Page 9: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Houari Boumedienne
1932-1978
President 1965-1978
Studied at Islamic Institute andat al-Azhar in Cairo. Had become a Coronel in the FLN in1957.Pursued socialisant policies,including nationalization of thepetroleum industry.Died of an obscure blood disease.
![Page 10: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Chadli Benjedid
President 1978-1992
Becomes president upon Boumedienne’s death, pursues amore moderate line.
![Page 11: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Liamine Zeroual
Born 1932
President 1994-99
General who was chosenPresident by the military.his main assignment was toquell the Islamists – this wasa period of Civil War.
![Page 12: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Abdelaziz Bouteflika
Born 1937President since 1999
Joined FLN upon finishingsecondary school. Served as Foreign Ministerto Ben Balla and Boumedienne.Said to present a more upper-class persona, although he hasmoderate policies towards armed Islamists
![Page 13: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Algeria: Real GDP/Capita
Algeria
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000
Year
Real
GDP
/cap
ita
![Page 14: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Samir Amin, 1931-
Noted Egyptian social scientist. Trained in Paris. Neo-Marxist, believerin self-reliance. Author of: Accumulation On a World Scale, Neo-Colonialism in West Africa, The Arab Nation. Worked for U.N.Economic Committee of Africa.
![Page 15: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Algeria: Inflation
Algeria
-50
51015
2025
3035
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
Year
Infla
tion
![Page 16: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Algeria: Land UseAlgeria: Land Use
0
2000000
4000000
6000000
8000000
10000000
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
Year
Hect
ares
Land use, arable land(hectares)
Land use, irrigatedland (hectares)
![Page 17: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Algeria: Ag outputAlgeria: Agricultural GDP
1.00E+08
1.00E+09
1.00E+10
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
Year
Log
Ag
Out
put
![Page 18: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Algeria: Debt Service RatiosAlgeria: Debt Service Ratios
0
20
40
60
80
100
1970 1980 1990 2000
Year
0
5
10
15
20
25
Total debt service (%of exports of goodsand services)
Total debt service (%of GNI)
![Page 19: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Algeria: Foreign AidAlgeria: Foreign Aid
0
5
10
15
20
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
Year
Aid
(% o
f GNI
)
0
10
20
30
40
50
Aid
per c
apita
($)
Aid (% of GNI)
Aid per capita(current US$)
![Page 20: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Seasonal labor migration in French North Africa, 1930
Source: Neil Macmaster, “Labour Migration in French North Africa,” inThe Cambridge Survey of World Migration
![Page 21: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Tunisia
Link to syllabus
Tunisia Chronology
Link to Encyclopedia of the Orient
Link to WDI
![Page 22: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Tunisia: Roads and
Cities
![Page 23: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Tunisia: Topographical
![Page 24: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Habib Bourguiba1903-2000Ruled 1957-1987
Educated in Tunis and at U. ofParis; married French woman.Founded Neo-Destour Party.Moderate secularist, with echoes of Ataturk in his policies.Dynamic personality, but wasin power too long, as his healthgave out. Was eventually overthrown by his PrimeMinister.
![Page 25: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Zine el Abidine Ben Ali
Born 1936President since 1987
Seen as controlling Islamistradicals, while bringing Islamback into Tunisian society. Has maintained internationalpresence of Tunisia.
Link to book ad
![Page 26: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Comments on Events in Tunisia
Ben Ali’s ousting was incredibly rapid, and unexpectedWhy this ‘revolution’? Corruption, especially around the president, and his wife’s clan Lack of democracy The role of economic policy was present, but subsidiary Errors/miscalculations on the part of their security people, “FBI” Strong organizing role of labor unions andapparently of Communist Party; minimal role of IslamistsNo one knows where it will end up. Democratic election – then, with which parties? Military government Continued instability in national leadership Return of Ben Ali’s groupSuggestive model for regime change in Egypt, Saudi A., Jordan, elsewhereHypocrisy of France and the U.S.
![Page 27: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Types of MENA Political Regimes: Clement and SpringborgGlobalization and the Politics of Development in the M.E.
Bunker States Algeria, Libya, Yemen, Saddam Hussein’s Iraq, Syria
Bully Praetorian States Egypt, Tunisia, Palestinian Authority
Globalization Monarchies Arabia, Morocco, Jordan, early Hashemite Iraq
Precarious Democracies Turkey, Israel, Lebanon, Iran (but slipping into the bully praetorian category)
![Page 28: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Regime types (II)
Bunker states: Led by social forces that are minorities (Alawi in Syria) Have little institutional capacity to manage economy Have largest informal sectors, and low tax rates. Technocrats have little power to determine policy Have low financial development
Praetorian Bully States Rule rests on institutional power of military/security/party Have large government sectors Characterized by ‘crony capitalism’ Stifle private sector Lack political legitimacy
![Page 29: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Tunisia: Real GDP/Capita
Tunisia
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
![Page 30: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Tunisia: Inflation
Tunisia
-100
1020304050607080
1935 1945 1955 1965 1975 1985 1995
Year
Infla
tion
![Page 31: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Tunisia: Land UseTunisia: Land Use
0500000
1000000150000020000002500000300000035000004000000
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
Year
Hect
ares
Land use, arable land(hectares)
Land use, irrigatedland (hectares)
![Page 32: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Tunisia: Ag GDPTunisia: Agricultural GDP
100000000
1000000000
10000000000
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
Year
Log
Ag O
utpu
t
![Page 33: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Tunisia: Foreign AidTunisia: Foreign Aid
-5
0
5
10
15
20
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
Year
Aid
% o
f GNI
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
Aid
per c
apita
($)
Aid (% of GNI)
Aid per capita(current US$)
![Page 34: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Tunisia: Debt ServiceTunisia: Debt Service Ratios
05
101520253035
1970 1980 1990 2000
Year
02468101214
Total debt service (%of exports of goodsand services)
Total debt service (%of GNI)
![Page 35: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Morocco
Link to syllabus
Morocco Chronology
Link to Encyclopedia of the Orient
Link to WDI
![Page 36: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Morocco: Cities and Roads
![Page 37: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Morocco Topographical
![Page 38: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Muhammad 5
1909 - 1961 Sultan 1927-57, king 1957-61
After winning independence for Morocco, heis able to maintain monarchical system, withsignificant aid from the military and police.
![Page 39: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
King Hassan 2
1929 - 1999King 1961 – 1999
The oldest son of Muhammad 5, and father of Muhammad 6. Studied at schools in Morocco. Had beenhead of Royal Armed Forces.Among the most pro-western leaders ofthe region, and most pro-capitalist, whilealso clashing with neighboring countries. Survived several assassination attempts inthe 1970s. Territorial conflicts over WesternSahara with Mauritania.
![Page 40: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
King Muhammad 6
Born 1963King from 1999
Some education in France, and workwith EU Commission in Brussels.Expected to continue policiesof his father (and grandfather),especially with regard to Europe
![Page 41: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Morocco: Real GDP/CapitaMorocco
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
![Page 42: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Morocco: Land UseMorocco: Land Use
0
2000000
4000000
6000000
8000000
10000000
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
Year
Hect
ares
Land use, arable land(hectares)
Land use, irrigatedland (hectares)
![Page 43: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Morocco: Ag OutputMorocco: Agricultural GDP
1000000000
10000000000
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
Year
Log
Ag O
utpu
t
![Page 44: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Morocco Foreign AidMorocco: Foreign Aid
0.01.02.03.04.05.06.07.08.0
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
Year
Aid
% o
f GNI
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Aid
per c
apita
$
Aid (% of GNI)
Aid per capita(current US$)
![Page 45: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Morocco: Debt Service RatiosMorocco: Debt Service Ratios
0
10
20
30
40
50
1970 1980 1990 2000
Year
0
5
10
15
Total debt service (%of exports of goodsand services)
Total debt service (%of GNI)
![Page 46: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Morocco: Inflation
Morocco
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
Year
Infla
tion
![Page 47: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Libya Physical Map
![Page 48: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Libya: map of cities and roads
![Page 50: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Mommar Khadafi
Born 1942 in a tentRuler since 1969
Studied at Univ. of Libya, and military schoolLed coup against king.Said to live a frugal life.Has supported severalarmed movements throughoutthe Arab world, includingLockerbie bombing. Has moderated with age.
![Page 51: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Libya: Inflation Rate
Libya
-15-10-505
101520253035
1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Year
Infla
tion
![Page 52: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Libya: Land UseLibya: Land Use
0
500000
1000000
1500000
2000000
2500000
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
Year
Hect
ares
Land use, arable land(hectares)
Land use, irrigatedland (hectares)
![Page 53: Algeria Tunisia Morocco](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081420/56815fd3550346895dcecf90/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Libya: Agricultural Output Libya: Agricultural Output (FAO)
10
100
1000
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
Year
Agr
icul
tura
l Out
put (
inde
x)