alexander sayenkousers.jyu.fi/~timoh/kurssit/ties410/l2.pdfdevice from april, which will run on...

University of JyväskyläTIES420 – Future Internet

TIES420 Future InternetAlexander Sayenko


Lecture block I


Overview

● State-of-art in mobile broadband● Challenges and trends● Development of wireless systems● Performance numbers● Overview of the mobile ecosystem● The key players and their roles● Insight on devices and capabilities


Stateofart in mobile broadbandChallenges and trends


Social & economical aspects of mobile broadband development

Impact on GDP (above and to the right), productivity, employment of a 10% increase in broadband penetration.

Source: Czernich et al, Qiang and Risotto, Analysys Mason, Beardsley et al, Katz et al.a. includes Germanyb. average of five country study: Australia, Egypt, Malaysia, New Zealand, United Kingdomc. Indiad. Various countries: upper range for developing countriese. Sample of 20 countries


Fixed vs. mobile broadband penetration

Source: Broadband as a catalyst of economic growth and social progress in Latin America and the Carribean.


Telecomm evolution

●Data traffic on mobile networks will grow by a factor of 18 from 2011 to 2016●Video traffic will comprise 54% of total IP traffic by 2016●The number of terminals connected will be three times that of the global population ●One out of every seven persons will buy a new smart phone by 2016●The number of applications will grow tremendously

Source: Prepared by AlcatelLucent based on data from Gartner, Ovum, Pyramid, Cisco, Yankee Group..


DoCoMo and KDDI to enable mobile video on TV

(Source: Telegeography)

8 Jan 2013

The Japanese wireless operators NTT DoCoMo and KDDI have both unveiled new services which will allow subscribers to their respective mobile TV services to watch video and listen to music on conventional TV sets. Both firms plan to introduce a dongle which will enable wireless streaming from a smartphone to a TV via the home Wi-Fi network.

(partially omitted)

Separately, DoCoMo has also revealed plans to introduce a new dual-screen smartphone device from April, which will run on Android and feature two individual four-inch screens which can be viewed separately for multi-tasking applications or combined into a single six-inch display. The new device will be manufactured by NEC Casio Mobile Communications, The Nikkei writes.


Distribution of devices

Source: Strategy Analytics & ABI research..


Application traffic distribution

Source: “Traffic and Market Data Report”, Ericsson, Nov 2011


Traffic growth

Source: Cisco VNI mobile.


Mobile subscriptions per region

Source: 4G Americas.


Existing trends & challenges

● Multi-RAT● Multi-layer● Multi-vendor/component

● Exponentially growing demand for data● Flat-lining average revenue per user/unit

(ARPU)● Increased competition and new players


Multi-RAT

● Several major wireless technologies exist– As a result of conscious deployment

– Other aspects, such as: long-term spectrum license, large population of legacy UEs, etc

● It is already evident that none of them will be dominating in the near decade

● Each technology has its own niche and aims at slightly different goals:

– GSM: cheap, robust, is reliable for voice, is a candidate for M2M devices

– HSPA/HSPA+: is a de-facto major technology for the high-speed mobile access in urban and rural areas

– LTE: is well-suited for high-speed access in urban areas


Typical multi-RAT/layer setup

Source: “Designing, Operating and Optimizing Unified Heterogeneous Networks”, Nokia Siemens Networks


Typical multi-RAT/layer setup



Some insight on technology shares



Insight on LTE subscriptions



Global mobile equipment investment



MTS reveals 2012 rollout achievements


2 Jan 2013

Russian telecoms giant Mobile TeleSystems (MTS) has confirmed that during the twelve months ended 31 December 2012 it deployed a total of 6,000 GSM base transceiver stations (BTS) and 5,000 3G cell towers nationwide. In addition, the cellco rolled out some 2,000 LTE base stations in and around Moscow.


Global mobile subscription growth(2011 - 2012)


Deployed HSPA and LTE networks

HSPA HSPA+ LTE

Networks in service 506 261:167 @ 21 Mbps7 @ 28 Mbps87 @ 42 Mbps

140

Countries in service 188 120 66

Networks planned / being deployed

78 38 approx. 290


Which technology has been growing faster?

Absolute number of subscribers Market share of subscribers

WCDMA start: 2Q/2003LTE start: 1Q/2011


Mobile growth (forecast 2017)


Mobile growth(forecast 2017)


Global market share (forecast 2017)


LTE growth per region(forecast 2017)


Technology share per region (2018 forecast)

NA – North AmericaLA – Latin AmericaWE – West EuropeCEE – Central/East EuropeMEA – Middle East / AfricaAPAC – Asia / Pacific


Multi-layered

● This is quite a vast “umbrella” term

● May assume a presence of several band/carriers– An operator may deploy a service in several bands

– Each band comprises a number of carriers

– A UE does not support all the band/carrier combinations

● May assume a heterogeneous deployment– Macro (also referred to as metro)

– Micro

– Out-door pico

– In-door femto


Typical macro/micro/pico/femto setup

Source: “Designing, Operating and Optimizing Unified Heterogeneous Networks”, Nokia Siemens Networks


Femto cell deployments


Brazil’s Vivo testing femtocells, aims to deploy in 2Q13


10 Jan 2013

Brazilian mobile operator Vivo, a subsidiary of Telefonica of Spain, is carrying out trials of femtocell technology in the country, with a view to offering them commercially from the second quarter of 2013. Femtocell deployments have yet to happen in Brazil due to a lack of legislation, although a proposed bill that would clarify the rules on femtocells is under public discussion via Anatel until 25 January.... In the meantime the pilot project will include 100 femtocells deployed to users who have expressed an interest in the technology, with about 80% of these small cells being installed in Sao Paulo.


Femto markets


Multi-vendor

● In case of the core/operator network:– Different access points may be provided by different vendors

● Operators prefer not to lock themselves on a particular vendor● So as not to mix equipment, a certain area is covered by

equipment coming from the same vendor

– Different functional parts may be provided by different vendors

● The core network from vendor X● The IMS/voice solution from vendor Y

● In case of the mobile user equipment– Different components come from different vendors

– The wireless modem/chipset quite often comes from a different vendor


China Unicom selects W-CDMA vendors


28 Jan, 2009

According to The South China Post, five firms have won significant contracts from China Unicom in the tender for the deployment of W-CDMA infrastructure.... Huawei, which has a partnership with Motorola, was the largest winner with a 30.6% share of the 70,000 base station deployment; Ericsson which partners Fiberhome Telecommunication Technologies and Guangzhou New Postcom Equipment won a 26.5% share; ZTE won 21.5%; Nokia Siemens Networks 11.1%; and Alcatel-Shanghai Bell 10.2%.


Factors driving mobile development

● Spectrum availability● Achievable spectrum efficiency and maximum

bit rates● Install base ● Compliance ● Non-technical aspects


4G (and things we cater for)


4G (as per ITU-R definition)

● ITU-R has specified a set of requirements for the 4G system

● Officially called as IMT-Advanced

● Requirements are captured in a few documents:

– ITU-R M.2133

– ITU-R M.2134


Some “4G” requirements

● Based on an all-Internet Protocol (IP) packet switched network

● Interoperability with existing wireless standards

● A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s while the client physically moves at high speeds relative to the station, and 1 Gbit/s while client and station are in relatively fixed positions.

● Dynamically share and use the network resources to support more simultaneous users per cell.

● Scalable channel bandwidth 5–20 MHz, optionally up to 40 MHz

● Peak link spectral efficiency of 15 bit/s/Hz in the downlink, and 6.75 bit/s/Hz in the uplink (meaning that 1 Gbit/s in the downlink should be possible over less than 67 MHz bandwidth)

● System spectral efficiency of up to 3 bit/s/Hz/cell in the downlink and 2.25 bit/s/Hz/cell for indoor usage

● Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks with smooth handovers

● Ability to offer high quality of service for multimedia support

Source: “IMT Advanced”, Wikipedia


Peru bans use of ‘4G’ in marketing


28 Nov 2012

Peruvian telecoms regulator Osiptel has forbidden providers of mobile and fixed wireless services from using the terms ‘4G’ or ‘Fourth Generation’ to market their products. The watchdog said its decision was based on the need to ensure accuracy and clarity of information that operators provide to users with regard to the qualities, properties and characteristics of products and plans – a requirement under Peru’s telecoms regulations.

Osiptel noted that the term ‘4G’, according to the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), denoted technologies with speeds ‘substantially higher’ than those currently available in Peru. The regulator added that services currently offered under the name ‘4G’ were not materially different from those offered as ‘3G’.


Overview of existing wireless technologies


TIM, Vodafone, Wind granted 800MHz frequencies on schedule


7 Jan 2013

According to local press reports Italian cellular trio Telecom Italia Mobile (TIM), Vodafone Italy and Wind Telecomunicazioni (Wind Italy) have been granted Long Term Evolution (LTE)-suitable frequencies in the 800MHz band, as originally purchased in October 2011. The 800MHz spectrum, which was relinquished by a number of local television broadcasters by 31 December 2012, attracted the highest bids during the Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico’s (MdSE’s) 22-day auction, with prices ranging from EUR481.7 million (USD629.5 million) to EUR496.1 million per allocation.

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