alcohol unit #3 unit #7 in book page 411. history in 1851, maine becomes the first state to pass a...
TRANSCRIPT
Alcohol
Unit #3
Unit #7 in Book
Page 411
History
In 1851, Maine becomes the first state to pass a law prohibiting the sale & manufacture of alcohol
18th Amendment – (1919) U.S. prohibited sale & manufacture of alcohol
21st Amendment – (1933) repealed the 18th amendment, now the control of manufacture and sale of liquor became a state responsibility.
Alcohol Today
Nations #1 Drug problem
100 million + adults (60-70 % of total population use) Used more than any other drug
10 million + adult alcoholics
3 million + teenagers are alcoholics/ problem drinkers
Alcohol Today
½ of all the crime is related to alcohol 75% of violent crimes are related to alcohol
Alcohol is negatively linked with violence, rape, suicide, breaking the law, academic apathy, accidental death, injuries, irresponsible decisions, STI/STDs, job loss, divorce, and serious illness.
Alcohol related diseases lead to 12,000 deaths/ year #1 Cirrhosis
Motor Vehicle Deaths
1982 25,000 (57% of
deaths) 1993
17,400 (44%) 2000
16,068 (38%) 2002
17,419 (41%) 2003
17,401 (40%)
Classes of Drinkers
Social Moderate, safe
amounts consumed by adult (21 yrs or older)
Problem Self or others at risk
Alcoholic Dependent
Classes of Drinkers
About one in ten drinkers is or will become an alcoholic/problem drinker.
Most adults who drink in the U.S., drink as a “social” drinker
Responsible (over 21) Alcohol Use Know limit Space out drinks Small glasses Dilute mix drinks Eat while consuming Don’t drink and drive Don’t drink and use medication Don’t drink if pregnant or not sure
Babies of mothers who drink may be born with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)
See pg 415
P. 411
Alcohol –
Fermentation –
Distillation –
Proof –
Ethanol (Ethyl Alcohol) – is the active ingredient in alcohol One 12 oz. can of beer (4.5% alcohol) 1 ¼ oz. of 80 proof hard liquor (distilled) (40%
alcohol) Proof: amount of alcohol in a beverage as measured
by %, double the % of alcohol Ex – Beverage with 20% alcohol is 40 proof (p. 411)
1 oz. of 100 proof liquor = 50 % alcohol 3-5 oz. of wine = 12-14 % alcohol Non-alcoholic Beer – contains some alcohol (less
than 1%)
Alcohol & the Body
About 20% of alcohol consumed is absorbed into bloodstream through stomach walls.
The majority is absorbed through intestine walls.
The remaining alcohol is excreted through urine, perspiration, or breath.
How Alcohol Effects the Body p. 414
Nervous system Brain
Blackouts p. 417 (a period in which a person cannot remember what has happened)
Seizures Dementia (decline in all areas of mental
functioning) Alcohol is a depressant
Digestive System
Developing cancers of mouth, esophagus, & stomach
Ulcers Malnutrition Cirrhosis of the Liver (3 stages) Gastritis, inflammation of the stomach due to
heavy drinking Alcohol is oxidized by the normal, healthy
liver at the rate of one drink per hour.
Immune System
Increased risk of developing illnesses Respiration infections Tuberculosis (492) –
Certain Cancers
Effects on Body p. 414
Cardiovascular system Damages organs Increases risk of developing cardiovascular diseases,
high blood pressure, & stroke Skeletal system
Increases risk of osteoporosis because of loss of calcium Urinary system
Increases urine flow which increases the risk of kidney failure
Reproductive system Females: delays first menstrual cycle and cause irregular
periods Males: affects the size of testes and muscle mass
development
Alcohol Effects Every Cell in the Body
Most alcohol is changed to harmless waste by the liver
The liver changed alcohol into waste at a rate of 1 drink/ hour.
The excess amount builds up in body. Alcohol goes to body tissue before
excretion Effects of alcohol intensify Concentration of alcohol in blood increases
Hangover – a result of the chemicals used to make alcohol The only true treatment for a hangover is
Time! When treating hangover symptoms, you
should not use Tylenol, because it can cause permanent liver damage.
One of the worst things you can do for a person is give them another alcoholic beverage.
Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) p. 411
Higher the BAC, the greater the effects of alcohol on the body.
If the amount of alcohol (a toxin) is too large, stomach will reject it Vomiting
Too much of a toxin (alcohol) can be poisonous.
Factors that affect BAC(see text pg 412-413)
Amount consumed
Body weight
Feelings
Amount of food eaten
Carbonation of beverages
Speed consumed
% of body fat
Gender
Presence of other drugs in blood
Age
What happens as BAC Increases
See text page 413
Alcohol Laws p. 418
Liquor Control Board Controls all sales of alcoholic beverages
Underage drinking Zero-tolerance law
Lowers the legal BAC for intoxicated drivers under 21 yrs. of age
Driving Under the Influence (DUI) Breathalyzer test: accurate and common way police
check BAC Under 21 yrs = 0.02 BAC Over 21 yrs = 0.08 BAC
Laws Cont. p. 415 (Chart)
Parents can not buy alcohol for their children even if it is in their own home.
Parents can be held accountable & face fines for serving minors on their property.
A person under 21 can be arrested for underage drinking in PA if they are: Consuming, transporting, & possessing
alcohol
Alcoholism p. 419 Disease in which there is physical and psychological
dependence on alcohol. Alcohol is a depressant Tolerance begins to build which causes an increase in
drinking and development of alcoholism. Difficulty controlling behavior Denial Withdrawal
Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome Is the reaction of the body to sudden stopping of
drinking Is a severe form of alcohol withdrawal syndrome in which
there are hallucinations and muscle convulsions. Delirium Tremens Syndrome-
Getting Help p. 420
Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) Recovery program for people who have
alcoholism Al-Anon
Recovery for people who have friends or family members with alcoholism
Al-Ateen Recovery program for teens who have a family
member or friend with alcoholism