alcohol and drug trends within region 8

www.SACADA.org

Abigail Moore, MA, ACPS LPCSACADA CEO

Gyna Juarez, MPA ACPSProgram Director

www.SACADA.org

www.SACADA.org

Youth Prevention Programs(Bexar County Only)Project Heart (8-13)

Middle School (6th – 8th)Adolescent/Teen (14 – 18)

Hype ProductionAlternative Programs

Adult and Family ServicesAssessment and Referrals

Project ADELANTEWORC Project

Resource CenterBrochuresDVD/CDPosters

Fact Sheets

Education and TrainingDrugs & Alcohol TrendsDrug-Free WorkplaceCourt Mandated forAlcohol AwarenessDWI Education

Programs and Services Offered

www.SACADA.org

Drug Trends in the News

www.SACADA.org

SHOWME THE

DATA!

www.SACADA.org

Workshop Objectives• To familiarize participants with Region 8 demographics • To discuss Region 8 Drug Trends with youth and adults• To discuss signs and symptoms of substance abuse• To identify resources communities can utilize

www.SACADA.org

The Prevention Resource Center-Region 8 is one of 11 PRCs across Texas funded by

the Texas Department of State Health Services (DSHS). We cover 28 counties in

South Central Texas.

www.SACADA.org

The Purpose of the Regional Needs Assessment (RNA)

The regional needs assessment is a document developed with state, regional and local data to provide the

community at large with a comprehensive view of information about the trends, outcomes and

consequences associated with drug and alcohol use.

Region 8 Facts

www.SACADA.org

www.SACADA.org

Region 8 Demographics Largest Cities

Nation1. New York2. Los Angles3. Chicago4. Houston5. Philadelphia6. Phoenix7. San Antonio

Texas1. Houston2. San Antonio3. Dallas4. Austin5. Ft Worth6. El Paso

www.SACADA.org

Region 8 Demographics

Region Texas Nation31,637.1

sq. mile261,231.71

sq. mile3,531,905.43

sq. mile

Land Area

Region Texas Nation2,751,696 26,956,958 318,857,056

Region Texas Nation87 Per Sq. Mile 96.3 per sq. mile 87.4 per sq. mile

Population Did you know?Region <1% Texas 8%

Region 8 Population RankingRegion 8 Counties by Ranking Population in Texas

Atascosa 68 Kendall 79Bandera 115 Kerr 63Bexar * Largest 4 Kinney 219Calhoun 112 La Salle 184Comal 33 Lavaca 122DeWitt 117 Maverick 57Dimmit 160 Medina 67Edwards * Smallest 236 Real 221Frio 127 Uvalde 98Gillespie 100 Val Verde 65Goliad 183 Victoria 41Gonzales 118 Wilson 70Guadalupe 29 Zavala 156Jackson 141 Region 8 *In State 4Karnes 140 Texas * In the

Nation 2

Source: http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?src=bkmk

www.SACADA.org

Cultural Indicators - Veterans

Region 8 Texas0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Veterans

U.S. Census Bureau. 2009 – 2013 5 Year American Community Survey

www.SACADA.org

Cultural Indicators - Veterans


Region 8 231,185Texas 1,583,272Nation 21,263,779

+295,907 DOD and ActiveDuty MilitaryHigh Correlation of MH & SADoes not include Family Members

Largest population of veterans reside in Bexar, Guadalupe and Comal counties. www.SACADA.org

% of Individuals Living Below Poverty Level

14

14.5

15

15.5

16

16.5

17

17.5

18

17.1%17.6%

15.4%


Counties with the most population living in poverty Zavala 35%, Maverick – 30.5% and Dimmit and Uvalde both at 26.5%

www.SACADA.org

Children Living in Poverty

Children in Poverty20%

22%

24%

26%

United States; 22%

Texas; 25%

Region; 24.10%

Chart Title

Axis Title

2015 Kids Count Profilewww.SACADA.org

www.SACADA.org

Counties with the Largest % of Kids Living in Poverty

Gonzales 1,657 30.7Val Verde 4,500 32.3Maverick 6,289 34.8LaSalle 526 35.6Frio 1,535 35.9Edwards 152 38.3Dimmit 1,262 39Real 223 39.1Uvalde 2,940 39.4Zavala 1,655 45

Socioeconomic Indicators

Region 8

Texas Nation

$45,658

$51,900

$53,046

Median Household Income (In 2013 Dollars)


The top 3 Counties with the most income include Kendall - $73,410, Comal - $65,839 and Wilson - $64,571The bottom 3 Counties with the least income include Maverick - $31,395, La Salle - $26,756 and Zavala - $25,625.

$6,242Less

$7,388Less

www.SACADA.org

Households Receiving Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) Benefits

Area TotalHouseholds

Households ReceivingSNAP Benefits

% Households Receiving SNAP Benefits

Region 8 921,190 132,345 14.37%Texas 8,886,471 1,173,314 13.20%Nation 115,610,216 14,339,330 12.40%

SNAP provides monthly benefits that help eligible low income households purchase healthy food.

www.SACADA.org

Confirmed Child Protective Service (CPS) Victims & Investigations

Area Confirmed Victims of Child Abuse

Per 1,000 Children

Region 8

8,397 11.6

Texas 66,572 9.2

Texas State Data Center, University of Texas San Antonio, Based on Census 2010 Data www.SACADA.org

www.SACADA.org

Region 8 Demographics - Language

English SpanishOther

36%

More Than 1/3 of our Citizens Ages 5 and Older Speak Spanish as Their First Language.

U.S. Census Bureau, 2009 – 2013 5- Year American Community Survey

www.SACADA.org

Region 8 Education

Our 7th & 8th Grade Students Account for Nearly ½ of the 7th & 8th Grade Drop Outs in Texas.

44.6%

2007 – 2014 Texas Education Agency: Annual Drop Outs by Grade

www.SACADA.org

Region 8 Education

Our 9th & 10th Grade Students Account for 9% of the 9th & 10th Grade Drop Outs in Texas.

9.2%


www.SACADA.org

Region 8 Education

In Total, Our 7th thru 12th Grade Students Account for nearly 15% Drop Outs in Texas.

14.5%


www.SACADA.org

Region 8 Criminal Activity-Adolescents

•The total offenses by males under 18 in 2013 account for almost 70% of the crimes committed.

•All illicit drug-related offenses (drug abuse violations, drug sale/manufacture, and drug possessions) account for 40% of arrests.

DPS, Texas Uniform Crime Reporting Program 2013

www.SACADA.org

Region 8 Substance Abuse Treatment and Adolescents (12 – 18 Year Olds)

351 Treatment Admissions

7% of the State’s Total2014 Substance Abuse and Mental Health Treatment Youth Admissions Report

www.SACADA.org


2014 Substance Abuse and Mental Health Treatment Youth Admissions Report

12 Yr Olds 13 Yr Olds 14 Yr Olds 15 Yr Olds 16 Yr Olds 17 Yr Olds0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Admissions in 2014

www.SACADA.org



Admissions in 2014

Out Patient Residential

24%76%

www.SACADA.org



Reasons for Treatment Admissions in 2014Marijuana/Hash Meth Alcohol & Other

89%

Teen Pregnancy

Data Source: US Department of Health & Human Services, Health Indicators Warehouse. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Vital Statistics System. Accessed via CDC WONDER. 2006-12. Source geography: County

Female with birth in the past 12

months (15 to 19)

Total White alone Black or African

American

Hispanic or Latino

Origin(of any race)

Area Total teen (15-19) population

% of teen female with birth

Total teen (15-19) population






Region 8 (County Level)

Counties reporting

150,580

3.1 39,248

2.0 11,971 4.5 93,362

4.1

Texas

1,884,547

3.8 682,019

2.2 251,666 4.3 854,228

5.3

US 21,715,074

2.4 12,080,761

1.6 3,315,656

3.7 4,547,603

3.8• Texas has the 5th highest birth rate among teenagers, behind Arkansas, Mississippi,

Oklahoma and New Mexico. And Texas, where schools are not required to teach sex education, has the highest rate of repeat births among teenagers ages 15 to 19.

• The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has examined a troubling sub-group: teens who give birth to a second, third or even fourth child. These are called “repeat teen births.” Of all 50 states, Texas ranks #1 for this phenomenon.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2009-2013 5-Year American Community Surveywww.SACADA.org

SuicideArea self poisoning self harm by

hangingself harm by

other /firearmTotal Suicide

death rate per

100,000

% of total deaths

death rate per

100,000

% of total

deaths

death rate per

100,000

% of total

deaths

death

rate per 100,000

% of total deaths

Region 8

14 - 0.1 40 2.2 0.2 *101 5.6 0.5 155

3.9 0.3

Suicide Mortality Rates Per 100K Population, Region 8, 2013, CDC Wonder MCD

Deaths RateRegion 8 3,912 12.62Texas 37,699 10.73

Suicide Mortality Rates Per 100K Population, 1999-2013, CDC Wonder MCD

www.SACADA.org

Texas School Survey (TSS) ofDrug and Alcohol Use

College

Over 2 Million Surveyed since 1988Student Self-ReportState Divided into 11 RegionsFindings Provide State Policy Makers Information to Make Data Driven Decisions.

www.SACADA.org

- Students self-report their use of drugs, alcohol and tobacco in grades 7 – 12.

Measures frequency, peers, driving under the influence, access, perceptions of danger, parental approval and other related behavior.

www.SACADA.org

20102012

2014

Texas School Survey Participation Regions 7&8

www.SACADA.org

Tobacco

Stero

ids

Marijuan

a

Inhalants

Heroin

Hallucin

ogenus

Ecstas

y

Cocaine/C

rack

Alcohol

Any Illicit

Drug

Rohypnol

Methampheta

mine

Syntheti

c Mariju

ana

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70Youth Ever Used 2014

Region State Nation

Alcohol continues to be the most used substance.

www.SACADA.org

Nation Texas Region 7 & 8 0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Alcohol Tobacco Marijuana

Nation – Tobacco leads Marijuana by .4%

Most Self-Reported Substance Used 2014

State - Marijuana leads Tobacco by .8%

Region – Tobacco leads Marijuana by .2%

www.SACADA.org

Youth Ever Used 2014

TobaccoSteroids

MarijuanaInhalants

HeroinHallucinogenus

EcstasyCocaine/Crack

AlcoholAny Illicit Drug

RohypnolMethamphetamine

Synthetic Marijuana

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

State Region

Region ranks below the State in all areasexcept Meth and Steroids. (.1% )

www.SACADA.org

Alcohol is the most commonly used

substance. In 2014, 46% of the students in

Region 7&8 reported having used alcohol at

some point in their lives.

46%

In the Past 30 Days…11% of students reported having at least one instance of binge drinking (5 or more drinks in one sitting)

11%

BINGE

www.SACADA.org

EASY ACCESS

44% of students reported Alcohol as “Some What Easy/Very Easy” to get compared to Tobacco at 32% and Marijuana at

30%. www.SACADA.org

Tobacco86% reported

that Tobacco is SomeWhat/Very Dangerous

31% reported that at least one of their close friends uses Tobacco.

Marijuana

74% reported that Marijuana is SomeWhat/Very Dangerous

39% reported that at least one of their close friends uses Marijuana.

If the Perception is Low…the Use is High!

Perception of harm

www.SACADA.org

Girls have surpassed Boys in Alcohol Usage in all categories.

2x

Students not living with two parents (32%)

reported using marijuana more than twice as much as those living in a two

parent household (17%).www.SACADA.org

RX Drugs – Region 7/8

Codein

e

Oxycon

tin

Vicodin

Valium

Xanax

Over th

e Cou

nter D

XM, Trip

le CS 0

1

2

3

4

Region 7&8

Everwww.SACADA.org

Inhalants – Comparison

Spray

Paint

Compu

ter Dust

Spray

sGlue

Gas/Octa

ne/Carb

Cleane

r01234

Texas

Ever Used

Spray

Paint

Compu

ter Dust

Spray

sGlue

Gas/Octa

ne/Carb

Cleane

r0

1

2

3

4

Region 7&8

Ever Used

How recently, if ever have you sniffed, huffed, or inhaled the following inhalants for “kicks” or to get “high”?

www.SACADA.org

Alcohol Any Illicit Inhalants Marijuana Tobacco0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Past Month Use by Grade – Region 7&8

Grade 12 Grade 11 Grade 10 Grade 9Grade 8 Grade 7 Grade 6

Substance use increases by grade level with the exception of inhalants. 6th & 7th grade reported more likely to use inhalants.

www.SACADA.org

Seek Help – Region 7&8

School Counselor

Adult at School

Counselor Out

Parents Medical Dr. Friends Another Adult Not Seek0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

If you had a drug or alcohol problem and needed help, who would you go to?

No Yes

52% Will Not Seek Help

www.SACADA.org

www.SACADA.org

Behavioral HealthDATA BOOKA quarterly reference to community mental health and substance abuse services

Fiscal Year 2015 Quarter 1 March 10, 2015

http://www.dshs.state.tx.us/mhsa/databook/

48

Figure 3.4. Number of adult admissions to substance abuse treatment programs by primary substance per year

FY11 FY12 FY13 FY140

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

12,184 12,925

12,015 12,496

6,125 6,022

4,884 4,755 5,554 5,400 5,614

6,052

2,628 3,094

4,383

5,663

3,840 3,797 3,531 3,210

9,213 9,117 9,264 9,738

Alcohol Cocaine Marijuana Methamphetamine Opioid Other

SUBSTANCE ABUSE SERVICES Section 3 Treatment

Source: DSHS, Clinical Management for Behavioral Health Services (CMBHS).

Region 8 Admissions FY14 = 3,763

49

Figure 3.12. Number of youth admissions to substance abuse treatment programs by primary substance per year


2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

252 245 188 185 123 132 98 98

5,119

4,534

5,035 4,775

41 48 82 88 37 41 30 22 410 344 383 476

Alcohol Cocaine Marijuana Methamphetamine Opioid Other

SUBSTANCE ABUSE SERVICES Section 3 Treatment


50


2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

0 68 107 94

838

1,757 1,984

2,635

341 304 710 564 461 634

1,410 1,435

6,553 6,271 6,305

5,391

COPSD Detox Methadone Outpatient Residential

Figure 6.1. Number of adults entered on waiting list by substance abuse program per year

SUBSTANCE ABUSE SERVICES Section 6 Waiting List


51


200

400

600

800

0 20 0 0

687

412 389 395

66 98

49 40 0 0

COPSD Detox Residential Outpatient Methadone

Figure 6.2. Number of youth entered on waiting list by substance abuse program per year

SUBSTANCE ABUSE SERVICES Section 6 Waiting List


Alcohol-Underage Drinking

www.SACADA.org

Alcohol – Underage Drinking

www.SACADA.org

Alcohol – Binge Drinking

www.SACADA.org

College: Binge Drinking

Past 30 Days

Male 41%

Females 35%

14%

Youth Binge Drinking

Binge Drinking: Five drinks in one sitting for menFour drinks in one sitting for women

11% of our region’s youth (grades 6-12) report binge drinking within the past 30 days.

Tobacco/Electronic Nicotine Devices

www.SACADA.org

Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable disease and death in the United States; if current smoking rates continue, 5.6 million Americans aged <18 years who are alive today are projected to die prematurely from smoking-related disease.

During 2011–2015, substantial increases were observed in e-cigarette and hookah use among high school and middle school students, whereas significant decreases were observed in the use of cigarettes, cigars, smokeless tobacco, pipe tobacco, and bidis, resulting in no decline in tobacco use overall.

During 2015, electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) were the most commonly used tobacco product among middle (5.3%) and high (16.0%) school students.

Singh T, Arrazola RA, Corey CG, et al. Tobacco Use Among Middle and High School Students — United States, 2011–2015. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016;65:361–367. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6514a1

http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6514a1

Negative Effects of Smoking (anything) 1 Joint = 4 Cigarettes

5 joints a week = 1 pack of cigarettes

Respiratory effects: Chronic bronchitis Coughing Phlegm Wheezing

Link to cancer: What we do know Smoking tobacco causes

cancer. Marijuana has 50% more

carcinogens than tobacco.

Marijuana TrendsDabbing VapingEdiblesTopical products

Hashish

Hash OilSlang terms include wax, ear wax, canna wax, dabs, canna oil, honey oil, and other

lovely descriptive terms. Using hash oil

is often called “dabbing.”

Hashish is extracted from marijuana either by compression or purification.

Vaping Hash Oil

Edibles Marketed to youth Derive benefits w/o

smoke No THC wasted in smoke

1 puff on a joint ~ 5 mg THC

1 “serving” = 10 mg THC 1 package = up to 10

servings Effects delayed up to 30

min

National Overdose DeathsNumber of Deaths from Prescription Drugs

20012002

20032004

20052006

20072008

20092010

20112012

20132014

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000 Total Female Male

Source: National Center for Health Statistics, CDC Wonder

National Overdose DeathsNumber of Deaths from Prescription Opioid Pain Relievers

20012002

20032004

20052006

20072008

20092010

20112012

20132014

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000



National Overdose DeathsNumber of Deaths from Benzodiazepines

20012002

20032004

20052006

20072008

20092010

20112012

20132014

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000



Over the Counter - Cough Syrup(DXM)

http://www.dextroverse.org/sources.html

Skittles

http://www.dextroverse.org/sources.html

Heroin – On the Rise

www.SACADA.org

Heroin use more than doubled among young adults ages 18–25 in the past decade.

More than 9 in 10 people who used heroin also used at least one other drug.

45% of people who used heroin were also addicted to prescription opioid painkillers.

http://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/heroin/

National Overdose DeathsNumber of Deaths from Heroin

20012002

20032004

20052006

20072008

20092010

20112012

20132014

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000


Addiction A primary disease that develops over

time.

Characterized by preoccupation and mood-altering chemicals, loss of control over consumption, chronicity, and tendency to relapse.

Whatever label is used to describe addiction, it has consistent symptoms, progression and outcome if left untreated. It can be diagnosed and treated effectively.

What Is The Difference

Substance Abuse Use resulting in failure to

fulfill major role obligations

Recurrent use in situations in which its physically dangerous

Recurrent substance-related legal problems

Continued use despite having social or interpersonal problems

Dependence Tolerance/ Withdrawal Using larger

amounts/longer period Desire or unsuccessful

effort to quit/cut down Time spent using,

obtaining, recovering from the drug

Important activities reduced or avoided

Persistent or recurrent physical or psychological problems

Biological Effects of Drug Use

Drugs usage decreases mental process and activity and distorts normal brain activity.

The heart rate is distorted due to high usage during prolonged periods of drug use.

Risk Factors The Child The Family The Community The Society

http://ncaddsac.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/SAMHSAGraphic.png

Children at greater risk With disabilities,

mental illness, and ill children, premature birth, exposure to toxins in utero

Age– younger more likely to be neglected older sexual abuse

Gender

The families at great risk Substance abuse (up to 80% is present) Been abused as a child/become victimizer Single parents, step parenting, Poverty Domestic violence Lack of parenting skills and other life skills Young families, many kids –more risk (remember

data Gyna shared teen pregnancy, youth drug use)

Risk Factor- Community Lack of community support Cultural norms Violence Unemployment

Risk Factor-Social Religious norms, Acceptance of violence Stressful life events Lack of social support Others?

Protective Factors Child Parent/ family Social/Environmental

Protective Factor- Child Mom’s good prenatal care during pregnancy Good health and development Easy temperament, positive deposition Active coping skills Positive self esteem Good social skills Internal locus of control Balance between help seeking & autonomy

**SACADA work on with kids

Parental/Family Protective Factors Parent wellness (mental, medical) and drug

free Warm parent-child relationship Supportive family environment Parental monitoring of child Stable relationship of parents Parental coping skills and competence Parental education/income

Social/Environmental Protective factors Access to health care Safe community (crime, drugs) Adequate housing Family religious faith participation (healthy) Mid to high socioeconomic status

SACADA Services Prevention Services Recovery Coaches MIP Classes, Alcohol DWI Classes (1st Time Offender)

ADAEP Classes, every Thursday

First Friday Workshops

Questions from the Audience

www.SACADA.org

Thank You for Your Time!SACADA7500 Hwy 90 W, Ste. 100San Antonio, TX 78227Phone (210) 225-4741 www.sacada.org Twitter.com/SACADATexasFacebook.com/SACADATex

Abigail Moore, [email protected] Juarez, [email protected]

alcohol and drug trends within region 8

Government & Nonprofit