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Alaska’s Arctic: Features of the Region MODIS image, courtesy of GINA Observed Climate Change in Northern Alaska Martha Shulski Alaska Climate Research Center Geophysical Institute, UAF http://climate.gi.alaska.edu

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Page 1: Alaska’s Arctic: Features of the Region MODIS image, courtesy of GINA Observed Climate Change in Northern Alaska Martha Shulski Alaska Climate Research

Alaska’s Arctic: Features of the Region

MODIS image, courtesy of GINA

Observed Climate Changein Northern Alaska

Martha ShulskiAlaska Climate Research Center

Geophysical Institute, UAFhttp://climate.gi.alaska.edu

Page 2: Alaska’s Arctic: Features of the Region MODIS image, courtesy of GINA Observed Climate Change in Northern Alaska Martha Shulski Alaska Climate Research

Alaska’s Arctic: Features of the Region

Beaufort SeaChukchi Sea

Canada BasinSiberian Shelf

Beaufort Shelf

Beaufort HighBeaufort Gyre

Page 3: Alaska’s Arctic: Features of the Region MODIS image, courtesy of GINA Observed Climate Change in Northern Alaska Martha Shulski Alaska Climate Research

Alaska’s Arctic: Features of the Region

Beaufort SeaChukchi Sea

Canada BasinSiberian Shelf

Beaufort Shelf

Calm: <2%Speed: 5 m/s

Jan Jul

Prevailing winds

Beaufort HighBeaufort Gyre

Page 4: Alaska’s Arctic: Features of the Region MODIS image, courtesy of GINA Observed Climate Change in Northern Alaska Martha Shulski Alaska Climate Research

Barrow, KuparukPrudhoe Bay, Umiat

Alaska’s Arctic: Features of the Region

T = -12°CP = 10 cmS = 86 cmSnowcover Sept - June

Page 5: Alaska’s Arctic: Features of the Region MODIS image, courtesy of GINA Observed Climate Change in Northern Alaska Martha Shulski Alaska Climate Research

Geographical and Meteorological Background

Comparison to rest of Alaska

Driest

Alaska’s Arctic: Features of the Region

Dry

www.prism.oregonstate.edu

Page 6: Alaska’s Arctic: Features of the Region MODIS image, courtesy of GINA Observed Climate Change in Northern Alaska Martha Shulski Alaska Climate Research

Geographical and Meteorological Background

Comparison to rest of Alaska

Driest

Alaska’s Arctic: Features of the Region

Summerthermalgradient

www.prism.oregonstate.edu

Page 7: Alaska’s Arctic: Features of the Region MODIS image, courtesy of GINA Observed Climate Change in Northern Alaska Martha Shulski Alaska Climate Research

Meteorological observing stations

Alaska’s Arctic: Features of the Region

Page 8: Alaska’s Arctic: Features of the Region MODIS image, courtesy of GINA Observed Climate Change in Northern Alaska Martha Shulski Alaska Climate Research

Meteorological stations

Alaska’s Arctic: Features of the Region

Lack of spatial detail!!- inland- high elevation

Page 9: Alaska’s Arctic: Features of the Region MODIS image, courtesy of GINA Observed Climate Change in Northern Alaska Martha Shulski Alaska Climate Research

Alaska’s Arctic: Features of the Region

Data Problems anemometer icing

Page 10: Alaska’s Arctic: Features of the Region MODIS image, courtesy of GINA Observed Climate Change in Northern Alaska Martha Shulski Alaska Climate Research

Alaska’s Arctic: Features of the Region

Data Problems measuring precipitation accurately

US NWS 8" non-recording gaugePhoto by S. Berezovskaya (UAF)

Double Fence IntercomparisonReference (DFIR) Photo by D.Yang (UAF)

Page 11: Alaska’s Arctic: Features of the Region MODIS image, courtesy of GINA Observed Climate Change in Northern Alaska Martha Shulski Alaska Climate Research

Temperature increase

Geographical and Meteorological BackgroundAlaska’s Arctic: Changes in the Region

Page 12: Alaska’s Arctic: Features of the Region MODIS image, courtesy of GINA Observed Climate Change in Northern Alaska Martha Shulski Alaska Climate Research

Geographical and Meteorological BackgroundAlaska’s Arctic: Changes in the Region

Walsh and Chapmanhttp://arctic.atmos.uiuc.edu/

Page 13: Alaska’s Arctic: Features of the Region MODIS image, courtesy of GINA Observed Climate Change in Northern Alaska Martha Shulski Alaska Climate Research

Geographical and Meteorological BackgroundAlaska’s Arctic: Changes in the Regionw

inte

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spri

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Walsh and Chapmanhttp://arctic.atmos.uiuc.edu/

Page 14: Alaska’s Arctic: Features of the Region MODIS image, courtesy of GINA Observed Climate Change in Northern Alaska Martha Shulski Alaska Climate Research

Growing season increase

Geographical and Meteorological BackgroundAlaska’s Arctic: Changes in the Region

Page 15: Alaska’s Arctic: Features of the Region MODIS image, courtesy of GINA Observed Climate Change in Northern Alaska Martha Shulski Alaska Climate Research

Sea ice decrease

Geographical and Meteorological BackgroundAlaska’s Arctic: Changes in the Region

Beaufort Sea

Page 16: Alaska’s Arctic: Features of the Region MODIS image, courtesy of GINA Observed Climate Change in Northern Alaska Martha Shulski Alaska Climate Research

Sea ice decrease

Geographical and Meteorological BackgroundAlaska’s Arctic: Changes in the Region

Beaufort Sea

Page 17: Alaska’s Arctic: Features of the Region MODIS image, courtesy of GINA Observed Climate Change in Northern Alaska Martha Shulski Alaska Climate Research

Wildfire increase

Geographical and Meteorological BackgroundAlaska’s Arctic: Changes in the Region

Alaska Fire Servicehttp://fire.ak.blm.gov/content/aicc/stats/2007stats.pdf

Page 18: Alaska’s Arctic: Features of the Region MODIS image, courtesy of GINA Observed Climate Change in Northern Alaska Martha Shulski Alaska Climate Research

Wildfire increase

Geographical and Meteorological BackgroundAlaska’s Arctic: Changes in the Region

Alaska Fire Servicehttp://fire.ak.blm.gov/content/aicc/stats/2007stats.pdf

Anaktuvuk FireStatistics

• tundra• limited protection• 40% of total area• > 200,000 acres• > all historical fires north of 68°

Page 19: Alaska’s Arctic: Features of the Region MODIS image, courtesy of GINA Observed Climate Change in Northern Alaska Martha Shulski Alaska Climate Research

>> New PRISM data (1971 - 2000)

Geographical and Meteorological BackgroundAlaska’s Arctic: Upcoming products

>> Environmental data for the Arctic Network parks

http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/nps/reports/2007_04_23_arcninventory_final.pdf

>> New plant hardiness

maps (USDA)

Page 20: Alaska’s Arctic: Features of the Region MODIS image, courtesy of GINA Observed Climate Change in Northern Alaska Martha Shulski Alaska Climate Research

Geographical and Meteorological BackgroundClimate Change in Northern Alaska

• Temperature Increase: Warming most pronounced in winter and spring

• GGD increase, lengthening of growing season

• Precipitation decrease seen in observations

• Sea ice extent decrease

• Wildfire increase


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