ajroomiyyah arabic w english translation

8/13/2019 Ajroomiyyah Arabic w English Translation

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SimplifyingAl-Ajaroomiyyah

COMPILED BY:ABUL-LAYTH QASIM IBNAGGREY MUTIVA


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Types of Speech

W { KSpeech:Is the composed saying or utterance which is beneficial in

its placement or composition.

W{ { KAnd it is divided into three groups: Ism(noun), and F'il(verb), and

Harf(a preposition which conveys meaning).

W{ { So the Ism(Noun) is known byAl-Khafdh(the acceptance ofJarr),andAt-Tanween(a mark which indicates indefiniteness), and the

acceptance ofAlif Laam(the definite article).

{ W{ { { { { { { {

and 'AnFEandEelaaFEAnd the letters of Khafdhare minandFEand RubbaFEand FeeFEand 'AlaFE.FEandAl-LaamFEandAl-KaafFEAl-Baa

{ W { { KandFEAnd the letters of Avowal (Pledge) are:Al-Waaw

.FEandAt-TaaFEAl-Baa

{{ KFEandAs-SeenFEQadAnd The F'il(Verb) is known by

.FEandAt-Taa At-Ta'neeth As-SaakinahFEand Sawfa


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KAnd the Harf(Preposition) is that which does not accept any of

the Ism(Noun) or F'il(Verb) indicators or signs.

The chapter of Grammatical Analysis

W KThe Grammatical analysis is the changing of vowel markings at the

end of words according to the addition of specific helping words

.FEor prepositions whether they are written or supposed

W{ { { The categories of grammatical analysis are four:

FEJazmandFEand KhafdhFENasbandFERaf'

{ { { FEKhafdhandFE,NasbFERaf'So for the nouns is

not included.FEJazmwith { { {

FEJazmandFE,NasbFEAnd for the verbs is Raf'not included.FEwith Khafdh

The Chapter of knowing the signs of grammatical analysis

W{ {{ KThere are four signs which indicate the condition of Raf': TheKFE,

and theNoonFEtheAlif,FE, the WaawFEDhommah


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W { { { K

Then it is an indicator of Raf'in fourWFEDhommahAs for theInstances: 1. The Singular Noun 2.The Broken Plural 3.The Sound

Feminine plural 4.The present tense verb which has nothingattached to the end of it.

W W { W{ { { { K

Then it is an indicator of Raf'in two cases:WFEAs for the Waaw1.The Sound Masculine plural and 2.The Five Exceptional Nouns

,FE, HamookaFE,AkhookaFEwhich are:AbookaFK E, and Dhoo MaalinFEFooka

W K, Then it is an indicator of Raf'specifically inFEAlifAs for the

the dual forms.

W { {{ K

, Then it is an indicator of Raf'in theFEAs for theNoonpresent tense if it is connected to an attached pronoun of duality,an attached pronoun of plurality, or an attached pronoun used to

address the female gender.

W{{ { { K,FEAnd for the condition of Nasb there are five signs: the Fathah

, and the removal of theFEthe Yaa,FEthe Kasrah,FEAliftheletterNoon.


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W W { { K

, then it is an indicator of the state ofNasbinFEthe FathahAs forthree instances: 1. In the Singular Nouns. 2. In broken pluralforms. 3. In the Present tense verbs if aNaasib(subjunctival)

precedes it and there is nothing attached to the last letter in theverb.

W {F E K

, then it is an indicator of the state ofNasbinFEAlifAs for the F Ethe Five Nouns. Like the following example:And whatever resembles this.

W K, then it is an indicator of the state ofNasbFEAs for the Kasrah

for the Sound Feminine Plurals.

W K, then it is an indicator of the state ofNasbFEthe YaaAs for the

in both the Dual and Plural Noun forms.

W KAs for the removal of the letterNoon, then it is an indicator of the

state ofNasbin the Five Verbs when the indicator of the state ofRaf'is the fixedness of the letterNoon.

{ { K.FEand the Fathah,FEthe Yaa,FEThe Kasrah

WAnd for the condition of Khafdh, there are three signs.


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an indicator of the state ofJazmin the Five Verbs when the sign ofthe state of Raf'is the fixedness of the letterNoon.

WSection: Words which contain vowel markings that can be changed

W { KThe words which contain vowel markings that can be changed are

divided into two groups. One group is identified by diacriticalvowel markings while the other group is identified by way of

letters.

W { { { K

So the group which is identified by way of vowel markingscontains four types of nouns. 1. The Singular Noun. 2. The

Broken Plural. 3. The Sound Feminine Plural. 4. The Present tenseverb to which there is nothing attached to the end of it.

{ { { KIn all of the previous nouns the condition of Raf'is indicated by a ,

FEthe condition ofNasbis indicated by a Fathah,FEDhommah, and theFEthe condition of Khafdhis indicated by a Kasrah

.FEcondition ofJazmis indicated by a Sukoon

W { { KThe only exceptions from those are three: 1. The Sound Feminine

.FEPlural in which the condition ofNasbis indicated by a Kasrah2. The condition of Khafdhin Nouns which vowel marks do not

3. The Present Tense Verb which ends withKFEchange is a Fathahenters the state ofJazmwith the removal ofF{{Ea weak letter

its last letter.


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W{ { {

{ W{ { { { KAnd the group of words which are grammatically identified by

letters are of four types: 1.The Dual Form 2. The Sound MasculineandFEPlural 3. The Five Nouns 4.The Five Verbs which are

KFEandF EandF EandFE W { K

As for the Dual form then the condition of Raf'is indicated by anand the condition ofNasband Khafdhis indicated by theFEAlif

.FEthe letter Yaa

W { KAs for the Sound Masculine Plural, then the condition of Raf'is

and both the condition ofNasbFEWaawindicated with the letter

.FEand Khafdhare indicated by the letter Yaa

W { { KAs for the Five Nouns then the condition of Raf'with them is

and the condition ofNasbisFEindicated with the letter Waaw, and the condition of KhafdhisFEAlifindicated with the letter

.FEindicated with the letter Yaa

W { KAs for the Five Verbs then condition of Raf'with them is

.FEindicated by the establishment and firmness of the letterNoonBoth the conditions ofNasbandJazmare indicated by the

.FEremoval of the letterNoon


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The Chapter of Verbs

W { { {{{ { KThe verbs are of three types: Past Tense, Present Tense, and

He hits,FEHe hit,FECommand Form. For Example:Hit (him or it)!FEand

W FE { KThe Present tense is preceded by one of four extra letters which

and the present tense isFEare gathered together in the wordalways in a state of Raf'until an article ofNasborJazmenters

upon it and alters its vowel marking.

{ W{ { { { { { { { K

FEandFEandFEandF EThe Articles ofNasbare ten:F EandFEandF EandF Eand

.FEand { W{ { { { {FE

{ { { { { { {{ { K

FEandFEandFEandFEThe Articles ofJazmare twelve:F EandFFE EandF Eand

FEandFEandF EandFEandFEandF Eandwhen it is used specifically in poetry.FEandFEand

The Chapter of the Nouns which are in the state of Raf'


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{ W{ { { {FE { FE { { W{

{ { KThe Nouns which are in the state of Raf'are seven: They are

F Everbal subject (doer), and theFEtheNominal Subject,FEsubject in the passive voice, and the

the Noun of KaanaF EPredicate, andFEand itsthe Predicate of Innaand herF Eand her sisters, and

the follower of something in the state ofF Esisters, andconjunction,FEthe adjective,FERaf'which are four:

substitution.FEemphasis, andFE

The Chapter of the Verbal Subject (Doer)

W KThe Verbal Subject (Doer) is the Noun in the state of Raf'which is

preceded by its own verb.

W{ KImplicit.FEApparent, andFEAnd consists of two types:

W{ { { {{ {{{ { { { { { { { { { {{{ K

So the Apparent Verbal Subject (Doer) is like the following:andF EandF EandFEandFE

andFEandFEandF EandFEandF EandF EandF EandF E


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andF EandF EandF EandF EandFEandFEandF EandF E

whatever is similar to this.

WWWW { F W{ { { { {{ { { {{ { KE

And the Implicit Verbal Subjects (Doers) are twelve like theFEandFEandFEandFEandFEfollowing:

andFEandFEandFEandFEandFEand.FEandFE

The Chapter of the Nominal Subject and Predicate

W KThe Nominal Subject is a Noun in the state of Raf'which isunaffected by grammatical factors that may alter Arabic word

vowel markings.

W { F EF EF KE

The Predicate is a Noun in the state of Raf'which is attributed toF EandF Ethe subject like the following examples:

.F Eand W{ K

Apparent, andFEThe Nominal Subject consists of two typesImplicit.FE

KApparent is what was previously been mentioned.FESo the


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{ W{ { { { { {{ { {

{{{ FE{F E{ KAnd the Implicit Nominal Subjects are twelve like the

FEandFEandFEandFEandFEandFEfollowing:FEandFEandFEandFEandFEandFEand

andF EandFEas in the following examples:whatever is similar to this.

W{ KAnd the Predicate is of two types: Singular and Non-Singular.

F KE.F EThe example of a Singular Predicate is the sentence

W { { { { F W { { { KE

The Non-Singular Predicate consists of four things:CircumstantialFEThe article ofJaar. 2.FE1.

The Verb and its Verbal Subject.F EPreposition. 3.The Nominal Subject and its Predicate. ExamplesF E4.

andF Eof this can be found in the following sentences:.F EandF EandF E

The Chapter of Grammatical factors that can affect the Nominal

Subject and Predicate

W { { KThe Grammatical factors that can affect the Nominal Subject and

KaanaF EPredicate are divided into three categories: 1.


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F EInnaand her sisters. 3.F Eand her sisters. 2.Dthununtuand her sisters.

{ { { W{ {{ { { { { { { { {

{ { W{ { { { {F W { KE

, then when they areF Eand her sistersAs for Kaanaadded to a nominal sentence consisting of a subject and predicatethey affect it by leaving the Nominal subject in the state of Raf'

and by placing the Predicate into a state ofNasb. Kaanaand herandFEandFEandFEincludeF EsistersandF EandFEandFEandFEandFEandFE

and whatever can beF EandF EandF EandF EF{{ Eextracted by way of verb conjugation like:

like that which is in the followingF{{ Eandand whatever isF :Eexamples EandF

similar to this.

{ { W{ {{ { { {W { { {

{{ {{K

Then they affect the Nominal sentence byF EAs forNominal Subject into the state ofNasbandFEplacing the

in the state ofNasb. InnaandFEBy leaving the predicateF EandFEandFEandFEincludeF Eher sisters

. Some examples of Innaand her sisters canFEandFEandandF Ebe found in the following examples:

FEand whatever is similar to this. Both InnaF EisFEare used to express affirmation. LakinnaFEAnnaand


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is usedFEused to express rectification or correction. Ka'annais used toFEwhen expressing comparison or likeness. Layta

is used to express anticipation andFEexpress regret. La'ala

expectation.

{ W{ {{{ { {{ { {

W { { KThen they affectF EAs for Dthununtuand her sisters

nominal subjectFEthe nominal sentence by placing both thepredicate into the state ofNasbwhile making themFEand.F Enominal objects for Dthununtuand her sistersFEandFEare:F EDthununtuand her sisters

andFEandFEandFEandFEandFEandFE. Some examples of Dthununtuand herFEandFEandcan be found in the following examples:F Esisters

and whatever is similar toF EandF E this.

The Chapter of the Adjective

W { { W { { K

The adjective follows the object of description in its Raf',Nasb,and Khafdhwhile also following the object of description in its

definiteness or indefiniteness as in the following examples:

.F EandF EandF E


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W W { W { W{ { { W

{ KThe Condition of Definiteness consists of five things: 1. Implicit

F Eand 2. Proper Nouns like:F ENouns like:4. Nouns which areF{ { E3. Ambiguous Nouns like:

5. NounsF Elike:FEpreceded by the definite articlewhich are compounded with one of the four previously mentioned

nouns.

W { { K

The indefinite consists of every noun which is general in itsclassification and is not easily distinguished from other nouns of

the same type. One might approximate that the indefinite includeslike:FEall of the words that can accept the definite article

.F E

The Chapter of Conjunction

{ W { { { { { { { { { K

,FE, the FaaFEThe Letters of Conjunction are ten: The Waaw, and LaaFE,BalFE, ImmaFE,AmmFE,AwwFEThumma

.FE, and in some instances HattaFE, LaakinFE

{{ { { F W { { KE{

So if a word is conjoined with another which is in the state of Raf'then the conjoined word also assumes the state of Raf', and if a


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word is conjoined with another which is in the state ofNasbthenthe conjoined word also assumes the state ofNasb, and if a word is

conjoined with another which is in the state of Khafdhthen theconjoined word also assumes the state of Khafdh, and if a word is

conjoined with another which is in the state ofJazmthen theconjoined word also assumes the state ofJazm. Examples of and

F Ethis can be found in the following statements:.F EandF EandF E

The Chapter of Emphasis

F W KE

The Emphatic Article follows the emphasized object in its Raf',Nasb, Khafdh, and definiteness or indefiniteness.

{ W{ { { { { W{ { {W { {

K,FEThe Emphatic state is established with the following words:

and the words that can be extractedFEandFEandFE. Examples of this canFEandFEandFElike:FEfrom

andF Ebe found in the following statements:.F EandF E

The Chapter of Substitution

KIf a noun is substituted for another noun or if a verb is substitutedfor another verb then the substitute follows the original noun or

verb in exactly the same grammatical state.


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W { { { { F W { { { E{ W K

Substitution is divided into four categories: 1. The completesubstitution of something. 2. The substitution of a part for the

whole 3. The theoretical substitution. 4. The Substitution of error.Some examples of the these types of substitution include:

and also inF EandF EandF Ewas mentionedFESince.F Ethe following phrase

is then mentioned directly afterwardsF Eaccidentally the wordas a substitution for the word which was mentioned mistakenly.

The Chapter of Nouns in the State ofNasb

{ W { { { { { { { { {

{ { KThe Nouns in the State ofNasbare fifteen: The verbal object, Theinfinitive, The preposition(circumstantial) of time, The

preposition(circumstantial) of place, Status(state), Specification,The Caller, The,FEException, The Noun of Laa

Causative Object, The Object of Accompaniment, The, The NominalF EPredicate of Kaanaand her sisters

.F ESubject of Innaand her sisters { W{ { { K

The articles which follow what has proceeded inNasbare four: theadjective, the conjunction, the emphatic article, and the

substitution.


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The Chapter of theMusdar(Original Noun)

W{{ {W KTheMusdar(Original Noun) is the Noun in the state ofNasb

which is mentioned third when conjugating Arabic verbs. For.F EExample:

W{ {W KAnd theMusdar(Original Noun) can be divided into two groups:The Written, and the Abstract. So if the letter composition of theMusdaragrees with the verb which is extracted from it then the

F EMusdaris written like:

{W { { K

And if the meaning of theMusdaragrees with a verb consisting ofa different word structure but conveys the same meaning as the

F EMusdarthen thisMusdaris considered abstract like:and whatever is similar to this.FEand

The Chapter of the circumstantial Preposition of Time and Place

W FE { { {{ { { { { { { { {

KThe circumstantial Preposition of Time is a noun of time which is

in the state ofNasbwith the implied meaning of "in" or "during"

FEandFEandFEandF Eas in the following examples:


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andFEandFEandFEandFEandFEandFEand whatever is similar to this.FEandFE

W FE { { {{ {{ { { { { { K

The circumstantial Preposition of Place is a noun of locationwhich is in the state ofNasbwhich conveys the meaning of "in"

FEandFEandFEandFEas in the following examples:andFEandFEandFEandFEandFEandF E

and whatever is similar to this.FEandFEandFE

The Chapter of the Situational

W{{ { F WEF EF E K

The Situational is the Noun in the state ofNasbwhich givesdescription to an ambiguous situation like the following:

.F EandF EandF E { {

KThe Situational does not exist except in the indefinite state and

does not occur except after completed speech. The companion ofthe Situational is cannot be anything other than Definite.

The Chapter of the Distinctive (Specificational)


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W{{ { F WE{F EF EF E

F EF EF KEThe Distinctive (Specificational) is the Noun in the state ofNasb

which gives description to an ambiguous object like theandF EandF Efollowing statements:

andF EandF EandF E.F EandF E

{ KThe Distinctive (Specificational) does not exist except in the

indefinite state and does not occur except after completed speech.

The Chapter of the Exceptional

{ W{ { { { { { {K

andFEandFEandFEThe articles of exception are eight:.FEandFEandFEandFEandFE

{F W EF E {

WF EFE {WF EF EF KE

is entered into the state ofNasbif theFEThe Exceptional withspeech which has preceded it is complete. For example:

. If the speech is completeF EandF Eand also negative then substitution here is permissible as well as

. IfFEandF Eexception as in the following:


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the speech is deficient then its grammatical classification dependsupon the presence of other grammatical factors like those

F EandF Efound in the following examples:.

F Eand

{ { { { KareFEandFEandFEandFEThe Exceptional with

always in the grammatical state ofJarr.

{ { { {WF {EFEF KE

can place theFEandFEandFEThe Exceptional withnoun which follows it into either the state ofNasborJarrlike that

andFEorF Efound in the following examples:.FEorF EandFEorF E

FEThe Chapter of

FE FEF W KE

Places indefinite nouns without the tanweenFEKnow thatinto the state ofNasbif it is immediately followed by another

is not repeated as in the followingFEindefinite noun and the.F Esentence:

FEWF KEAnd if it is not immediately followed by an indefinite noun then

FEthe state of Raf'becomes obligatory as does the repetition ofF Eas in the following example:


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FE { WF EWF KE

is repeated then it is permissible for it to be used as it isFESo ifalso permissible for it to remain unused. So it can be said:

.F Eas well as:F E

The Chapter of Called (Vocative) W { { {

{ KThe Called (Vocative) is of five types: 1. The Single Proper Name2. The indefinite Intended (Implied) 3. The indefinite unintended

4. The Compounded Nouns 5. And that which resembles theCompounded Nouns.

{FEF KE

As for the Single Proper Name and the Indefinite Intended thenthey are both linguistically constructed upon the Dhommawithout .

F EandFEthe presence of Tanweenlike in: K

And the three remaining stay in the state ofNasband do not

change.

The Chapter of the Causative Object

W{{ { F EF KE


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The Causative Object is the Noun in the state ofNasbwhich ismentioned in order to explain the reason why a verb occurred as

andF Ein the following examples:.

F E

The Chapter of the Accompanying Verbal Object

W{{ { F W

EF KEThe Accompanying Verbal Object is the Noun in the state ofNasb

which is mentioned in order to explain who participated in theenactment of the verb (action) as in the following examples:

.F EandF E

FE { FE { { K

andF EAs for the Predicate of Kaanaand her sistersthenF Ethe Nominal Subject of Innaand her sisters

You will find its mention in the chapter of the Nouns in the Stateof Raf'and you will also find its explanation in the chapter of the

Successors (or Followers).

The Chapter of the Nouns in the State of Khafdh

W { { KThe Nouns in the state of Khafdhare three types: 1. The Nouns inthe state of Khafdhbecause of a letter 2. The Nouns in the state of

Khafdhdue to compounding 3. And The Nouns in the state ofKhafdhbecause of Succession (Following the Vowel marking of

whatever preceded it).


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W { { { { { {{ { { { W {{ { {

{ KAs for the Nouns in the state of Khafdhbecause of a letter then

andFEandFEthey are whatever is grammatically affected byFEandFEandFEandFEandFEandFEandFE

andFEandFEandF EThe letters of Oath which areand.FEandFEandF E

{ F WE W { E F {F EF EF KE

And as for the Nouns which are placed into the state of Khafdhbyway of compounding then their example is like that of the

and is divided into two groups: 1. That whichFEfollowing:and that which is supposedFElike:FEis supposed with

.F EandF EandF Elike:FEwith

Completed with all of the praise being for Allaah The Majestic

ajroomiyyah arabic w english translation

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