ait unit1 internet

8/8/2019 AIT Unit1 Internet

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ADVANCEADVANCEINFORMATIONINFORMATION

TECHNOLOGYTECHNOLOGY

BBABBA -- 505505


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SYLLABISYLLABI UNIT 1:UNIT 1:

INTERNET CONCEPTS:INTERNET CONCEPTS: Internet Service Provider, SettingInternet Service Provider, Setting

Windows Environment for Dialup Networking, Dialing ofWindows Environment for Dialup Networking, Dialing of

Networking, Search Engine Concepts, Searching Web using SearchNetworking, Search Engine Concepts, Searching Web using Search

Engines, Audi on Internet, Adding File types in Ms Internet Explorer,Engines, Audi on Internet, Adding File types in Ms Internet Explorer,

Subscribing to News groupsSubscribing to News groups

UNIT 2:UNIT 2:

INTRANET:INTRANET: Intranet Concepts and Architecture, BuildingIntranet Concepts and Architecture, BuildingCorporate Wide Web, The HTTP protocols (UnderstandingCorporate Wide Web, The HTTP protocols (Understanding

Application Layers), Intranet Infrastructure, Fundamentals of TCP/IPApplication Layers), Intranet Infrastructure, Fundamentals of TCP/IP(Understanding Transport Layers), Intranet Connectivity, Intranet(Understanding Transport Layers), Intranet Connectivity, Intranet

Security Designs, Intranet as Business Tool, Future of Intranet, CostsSecurity Designs, Intranet as Business Tool, Future of Intranet, Costs

of Intranet, Protocols of Communicationsof Intranet, Protocols of Communications


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SYLLABISYLLABI UNIT 3:UNIT 3:

MSMS--OFFICE:OFFICE: Introduction to MSIntroduction to MS--Back Office, ElectronicBack Office, Electronic

Communication, ISP type of Accounts, Tools, Sending andCommunication, ISP type of Accounts, Tools, Sending and

Receiving Mails, Electronic Tele and Video Conferences.Receiving Mails, Electronic Tele and Video Conferences.

UNIT 4:UNIT 4:

MULTIMEDIA:MULTIMEDIA: Introduction Tools and Techniques, MultimediaIntroduction Tools and Techniques, Multimedia

Hardware (Windows, Production Platforms & Peripherals) MultimediaHardware (Windows, Production Platforms & Peripherals) Multimedia

Software (Authorizing Tools), Multimedia Building Blocks (Text,Software (Authorizing Tools), Multimedia Building Blocks (Text,

Sound, Images, Animation, Video), Assembling and Developing theSound, Images, Animation, Video), Assembling and Developing the

Projects.Projects.


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What is a Network?What is a Network?A network is a group of devices that areA network is a group of devices that are

connected through any form ofconnected through any form ofcommunication channel to share thecommunication channel to share theinformation and expensive devices. Theinformation and expensive devices. The

communication channel may be eithercommunication channel may be eithera physical wire (channel) or radioa physical wire (channel) or radiomicrowave, or satellite channelmicrowave, or satellite channel

networks.networks.A network is a means of transmittingA network is a means of transmitting

and/or receiving, that is, exchangingand/or receiving, that is, exchanginginformation from one or moreinformation from one or moreresources.resources.


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Computer NetworkComputer Network

The computers in a network are connectedThe computers in a network are connected

via hardware and softwarevia hardware and software

HardwareHardware

Physically connects the computers togetherPhysically connects the computers together

telephone lines, fibertelephone lines, fiber--optic cables, routers andoptic cables, routers and

gateways, and the computers themselves.gateways, and the computers themselves.

SoftwareSoftware

Enables communication and exchange ofEnables communication and exchange of

information, by following a set of rules,information, by following a set of rules,

called protocolscalled protocols


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Computer NetworkComputer Network

InteroperabilityInteroperability

Different types of computers, usingDifferent types of computers, using

different operating systems, can bedifferent operating systems, can beconnected, communicate with each other,connected, communicate with each other,

and share informationand share information

Computers must agree to follow th

eComputers must agree to follow th

esame network protocolssame network protocols


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Why use ComputerWhy use Computer

Networks?Networks? Resource sharingResource sharing

Share data, programs, and equipmentShare data, programs, and equipment

Across geographic boundariesAcross geographic boundaries CommunicationsCommunications

Cooperation between dispersed groupsCooperation between dispersed groups

Improved ReliabilityImproved Reliability Replication of files and resources allowingReplication of files and resources allowing

operation to continue despite hardwareoperation to continue despite hardware

failuresfailures


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Why use ComputerWhy use Computer

Networks?Networks? Cost efficiencyCost efficiency

Small computers have a betterSmall computers have a better

price/performance ratio than large onesprice/performance ratio than large ones

ScalabilityScalability

Add more computers to the network asAdd more computers to the network as

requiredrequired


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Components ofComponents of

Computer NetworkComputer Network Servers:Servers:Computers that provide shared resourcesComputers that provide shared resources

to network users.to network users.

Clients:Clients:Computers that access shared networkComputers that access shared network

resources provided by a server.resources provided by a server.

Media:Media:The wires that make the physicalThe wires that make the physical

connections.connections.


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Components ofComponents of

Computer NetworkComputer Network Shared data:Shared data:

Files provided to clients by servers acrossFiles provided to clients by servers across

the network.the network. Shared printers and other peripherals:Shared printers and other peripherals:

Additional resources provided by servers.Additional resources provided by servers.

Resources:Resources:Any service or device, such as files,Any service or device, such as files,

printers, or other items, made available forprinters, or other items, made available for

use by members of the network.use by members of the network.


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INTERNETINTERNET

Internet is the

network of

networks i.e. a

global network

wh

ich

makeWWW

(world wide web)


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NET ANATOMYNET ANATOMY

The Web physically consists

of your personal computer,

web browser software, aconnection to an Internet

service provider,

computers called servers

th

ath

ost digital data, androuters and switches to

direct the flow of

information.


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WEB BROWSERSWEB BROWSERS

A web browser is the softwareprogram you use to access the WorldWide Web, the graphical portion of

the Internet. The first browser, called

NCSA Mosaic, was developed at theNational Center for Supercomputing

Applications in the early 1990s. The

easy-to-use point-and-click interface

helped popularize the Web.Microsoft Internet Explorer and

Netscape Navigator are the two most

popular ones.


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NAVIGATING THE WEBNAVIGATING THE WEB

The Web is known as a client-

server system. Your computer is

the client; the remote computers

that store electronic files are the

servers. To visit the website, enterthe address or URL of the

website in your web browser.

Browser requests the web page

fromthe web server that hosts the

requested site. The server sends

the data over the Internet to your

computer. Your web browser

interprets the data, displaying it


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INTERNET SERVICEINTERNET SERVICE

PROVIDERPROVIDER Internet Service Provider,Internet Service Provider, a company thata company thatprovides access to the Internet. For aprovides access to the Internet. For a

monthly fee, the service provider givesmonthly fee, the service provider givesyou a software package, username,you a software package, username,password and access phone number.password and access phone number.

Equipped with a modem, you can thenEquipped with a modem, you can thenlog on to the Internet and browse thelog on to the Internet and browse theWorld Wide Web and USENET, andWorld Wide Web and USENET, andsend and receive esend and receive e--mail.mail.


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INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDERINTERNET SERVICE PROVIDER

In addition to serving individuals, ISPsIn addition to serving individuals, ISPs

also serve large companies, providing aalso serve large companies, providing a

direct connection from the company'sdirect connection from the company's

networks to the Internet. ISPsnetworks to the Internet. ISPs

themselves are connected to onethemselves are connected to one

another throughanother throughNetwork Access PointsNetwork Access Points

(NAPs)(NAPs)..

ISPs are also calledISPs are also called IAPs (Internet AccessIAPs (Internet Access

Providers)Providers)..


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Dial UpDial Up

Network ConnectionNetwork ConnectionWhat is a dialWhat is a dial--up networkup network

connection?connection?

What do I need?What do I need?How can I configure a dialHow can I configure a dial--upup

connection in Windows?connection in Windows?

How do I use the dialHow do I use the dial--upupconnection?connection?


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What is a dialWhat is a dial--upup

network connection?network connection?A dialA dial--up network connection is aup network connection is a

component in Windows XP thatcomponent in Windows XP thatenables you to connect your computerenables you to connect your computerto a network via a modem. If yourto a network via a modem. If yourcomputer is not connected to acomputer is not connected to acompany network or a highcompany network or a high--speedspeedinternet connection (ADSL, cableinternet connection (ADSL, cablemodem) and you want to connect tomodem) and you want to connect tothe Internet, you need to configurethe Internet, you need to configure

DialDial--Up Networking.Up Networking.


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What do I need?What do I need?

A computerA computer

A telephone lineA telephone line

A modemA modem

A (free) account with a InternetA (free) account with a InternetService Provider (ISP) (forService Provider (ISP) (forexample: Tiscali)example: Tiscali)


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How can I configure a dialHow can I configure a dial--upup

connection in Windows?connection in Windows? Get an accountGet an account

First, sign up for an account with an ISP.First, sign up for an account with an ISP.

For Tiscali(Scarlet), you can get a free accountFor Tiscali(Scarlet), you can get a free accountherehere

Configure your computerConfigure your computer Open 'Network Connections':Open 'Network Connections': Click 'Start'Click 'Start' Click 'Control Panel'Click 'Control Panel' DoubleDouble--click 'Network Connections'click 'Network Connections'

Under Wizard, doubleUnder Wizard, double--click 'New Connectionclick 'New ConnectionWizard',Wizard',

Click 'Next'.Click 'Next'.


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2. Select the first option and click 'Next'.


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3. Choose "Set up my connection manually" and

click 'Next'.


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4. Select "Connect using a dial-up modem" and click 'Nex


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5. Select the correct modem (installed in your computer) andclick 'Next'. (You only need to follow this step if you have more

than one modem connected to your computer).


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6. Fill in an appropriate name for the connection.


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7. Fill in the correct telephone number. For Tiscali, these

numbers can be found here


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8. Click 'Next'.


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9. Fill in your (Tiscali) username and password for the connection.


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How do I use a dialHow do I use a dial--upup

connection?connection?1.1. Connect the modem on your computerConnect the modem on your computer

with the telephone line.with the telephone line.

2.2. DoubleDouble--click the icon on your desktop.click the icon on your desktop.

3.3. You will see following screen.You will see following screen.


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4. Click the button 'Dial' to activate the dial-

in process.

5. When the dial-in process is completed, you

will see an extra network icon in the

taskbar, indicating the connection issuccessfully established.

6. If you want to disconnect the internet

connection, right-click the icon on the

taskbar and choose 'Disconnect Now'.


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Search EngineSearch Engine

A program that searches documents forspecified keywords and returns a list ofthe documents where the keywordswere found.

Althoughsearch engineis really a generalclass of programs, the term is oftenused to specifically describe systems

like Google, Alta Vista and Excite thatenable users to search for documentson the World Wide Web and USENETnewsgroups.


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Searching Web usingSearching Web using

Searc

hEngine

Searc

hEngine

Web is not indexed in any standardWeb is not indexed in any standard

manner, finding information can seemmanner, finding information can seem

difficult.difficult. Search Engine are popular tools forSearch Engine are popular tools for

locating web pages, but they oftenlocating web pages, but they often

return thousands of results.return thousands of results. Search Engines crawl the Web and logSearch Engines crawl the Web and log

the words from the web pages they findthe words from the web pages they find

in their database.in their database.

S hi W b iS hi W b i


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Successful searching involves two key steps:Successful searching involves two key steps:

1.1. You must have a clear understanding ofhow toYou must have a clear understanding ofhow toprepare your search. You must identify theprepare your search. You must identify themain concepts in your topic and determine anymain concepts in your topic and determine anysynonyms, alternate spellings, or variant wordsynonyms, alternate spellings, or variant wordforms for the concepts.forms for the concepts.

2.2. You need to knowhow to use the variousYou need to knowhow to use the varioussearch tools available on the Internet. Forsearch tools available on the Internet. Forexample, search engines (e.g., AltaVista) areexample, search engines (e.g., AltaVista) are

very different than subject directories (e.g.,very different than subject directories (e.g.,Yahoo). Even search engines themselves canYahoo). Even search engines themselves canvary greatly in size, accuracy, features, andvary greatly in size, accuracy, features, and

flexibility.flexibility.

Searching Web usingSearching Web using

Search EngineSearch Engine


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Some PopularSome Popular

Search EnginesSearch Engines1.1. AltaVistaAltaVista 8.8. VivisimoVivisimo

2.2. GoogleGoogle 9.9. MS

NMS

N3.3. FastWebFastWeb 10.10. LIVESEARCHLIVESEARCH

4.4. ExciteExcite

5.5. HotBotHotBot6.6. DogpileDogpile

7.7. MetacrawlerMetacrawler


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Audio on InternetAudio on Internet

Traditional uses of audio on the InternetTraditional uses of audio on the Internetdepend mostly on conventional transferdepend mostly on conventional transfer

techniques, meaning a file must betechniques, meaning a file must be

downloaded from a server, usually viadownloaded from a server, usually viaFTP, Gopher, or electronic mail, beforeFTP, Gopher, or electronic mail, before

hearing it.hearing it.

Because of this time lapse limitation,Because of this time lapse limitation,audio content providers have usedaudio content providers have used

Internet servers mainly as centrallyInternet servers mainly as centrally

located storage devices;located storage devices;


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Forms of audio common to nonForms of audio common to non--computercomputer

media, such as telephony, radio broadcasts, andmedia, such as telephony, radio broadcasts, and

tele/videoconferencing, continue on thetele/videoconferencing, continue on theInternet.Internet.

The functions that require audio input/outputThe functions that require audio input/output

are easilyh

andled by a computer with

someare easilyh

andled by a computer with

someadditional audio circuitry, a microphone,additional audio circuitry, a microphone,

speaker(s), and inputs for audio media, such asspeaker(s), and inputs for audio media, such as

a CD player.a CD player.

The audio functions that work across networks,The audio functions that work across networks,

are telephony, broadcast audio/video, andare telephony, broadcast audio/video, and

teleconferencing.teleconferencing.


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TelephonyTelephonyTelephony applications, such as DigiPhone,Telephony applications, such as DigiPhone,

are able to use the bandwidth of a modem,are able to use the bandwidth of a modem,14,400 bits per second, to achieve full14,400 bits per second, to achieve full--duplexduplexaudio, functionally replacing the telephone.audio, functionally replacing the telephone.

Telephony applications have practicalTelephony applications have practicalobstacles to overcome when trying toobstacles to overcome when trying toreplace the phone.replace the phone.

Speakerphone and handset solutions haveSpeakerphone and handset solutions havethus far been implemented rather clumsilythus far been implemented rather clumsilybecause they must coordinate several audiobecause they must coordinate several audioinputs and outputs, but have potential forinputs and outputs, but have potential for

future success.future success.


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BroadcastingBroadcasting

Broadcasting is th

e distribution of audioBroadcasting is th

e distribution of audioand/or video signals which transmit programsand/or video signals which transmit programs

to an audience.to an audience.

Broadcasting is a useful feature in eBroadcasting is a useful feature in e--mailmail

systems. It is also supported by some faxsystems. It is also supported by some fax

systems.systems.

In networking, a distinction is made betweenIn networking, a distinction is made between

broadcastingbroadcastingandand multicastingmulticasting. Broadcasting sends a. Broadcasting sends amessage to everyone on the network whereasmessage to everyone on the network whereas

multicasting sends a message to a select list ofmulticasting sends a message to a select list of

recipients.recipients.


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Tele/Video ConferencingTele/Video Conferencing

Teleconferencing is a telephone callTeleconferencing is a telephone callbetween more than two participants.between more than two participants.

Video conferencing is a communicationsVideo conferencing is a communicationstechnology that integrates video and voicetechnology that integrates video and voiceto connect remote users with each other asto connect remote users with each other asif they were in the same room. Each userif they were in the same room. Each userneeds a computer, webcam, microphone,needs a computer, webcam, microphone,and broadband internet connection forand broadband internet connection forparticipation in video conferencing.participation in video conferencing.


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Students ExerciseStudents Exercise

List out all the audio andList out all the audio and

video softwares availablevideo softwares availableon Internet.on Internet.

ait unit1 internet

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