airplanes how an airplane flies?. airplanes thrust (b) drag (d) weight (c) lift (a) aerodynamic...
TRANSCRIPT
AirplanesHow an Airplane flies?
Airplanes
•Thrust (B)
•Drag (D)
•Weight (C)
•Lift (A)
Aerodynamic Forces
Airplanes
Straight and Level Flight
Thrust = Drag
Lift = Weight
AirplanesThrustAerodynamic force created by an airplane in order to overcome drag.
•Propellers
•Jet Engines
•Rockets
Means of Thrust
AirplanesDragAn aerodynamic force that resist the motion of an object Through a fluid (air and water are fluids)
The amount of drag an airplane creates depends on:•Size and shape of the plane.•Speed of an airplane.•Density of the air.
Landing gears areretracted to reduce the drag.
Airplanes
Every object on earth has weight (including air)
Weight
Airplanes
Aerodynamic force that holds an airplane in air.Most of the lift required to keep the plane aloft is created bythe wings.
Lift
Airplanes •Particles split at the leading edge, and they come together at the trailing edge of the wing.•Since the particles on top travel longer distance in same amountof time, they must be traveling faster.
Bernoulli’s Theory: The speed of a fluid increases, its pressure decreases.•Faster moving air on the top creates a low pressure on the top.•The low pressure on the top essentially “sucks” the plane wingsupward.
Longer Path Explanation
Airplanes
Interesting Things about wings
•The Angle of Attack
•Flaps
•Slats
•Wing Shape
AirplanesWing Shapes
Stunt Plane
Supersonic Jet
AirplanesAngle of Attack
The angle that the wing presents to oncoming air, and it Controls the thickness of the slice of air the wings is cutting off.
As it controls the slice, the angle of attack also controls the amount of lift that the wing generates.
Zero angle Shallow angle Steep angle
AirplanesTo compensate for different speeds (Cruise speed 901Kph and Landing speed 332Kph) Airplane wings are equipped with:
Flaps airplane wings have moveable sections at the trailing edge . •are extended rearward and downward
same function as Flaps, but attached at the front of the wings
Slats
Airplanes
Propeller: provides the thrust that moves the plane forward
•Has an angle of attack•Angle of attack changes along the lengthof the propeller•The angle is greater toward the center because the speed of the propeller through the air is slower close to the hub.
Some props have an adjustable pitch: propellerAngle changes depending on air speed and altitude
Airplanes
Horizontal and Vertical Stabilizers
Tail of airplane has two small wings: horizontal and vertical stabilizers.
Horizontal: Controls up and down
Vertical: Controls left and right
AirplanesControlling the Direction
Rudder controls Yaw
Ailerons controls Roll
Elevators controls Pitch
Airplanes
Elastic Band Airplane Facts:•In 1909 American record for distance flown with a rubber band powered airplane was just over 200 feet
•In 1916 , Thomas Hall flew his model plane 5337 feet
•In 1924, Robert V. Jaros flew a model 7920 feet in 10 minutes and 14 seconds
•Today model airplanes fly for over 40 minutes.
AirplanesReferences•Google Search Engine•Mike’s Free Gifs•How Stuff Works