aircraft emergency evacuation study with injured passengers
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Aircraft Emergency Evacuation Study with Injured Passengers. Hae Chang Gea Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Rutgers University, New Jersey, USA Program Manager: Dr. Mac McLean, FAA, CAMI. Aircraft Emergency Evacuation. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Aircraft Emergency Evacuation Study Aircraft Emergency Evacuation Study with Injured Passengerswith Injured Passengers
Hae Chang Gea
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
Rutgers University, New Jersey, USA
Program Manager: Dr. Mac McLean, FAA, CAMI
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 2
Aircraft Emergency Evacuation
A full scale test is… risky, costly, time consuming and inconsistent.
Simulations can… study what-if scenarios and hazardous conditions; better understanding of the entire evacuation process.
I. Grouped Passenger Behaviors During Emergency Evacuation (Cabin Safety I: 10:30-11:00AM)
II. Aircraft Emergency Evacuation Study with Injured Passengers (Cabin Safety II: 2:30-3:00PM)
III. Computer Simulations on Interior Access Vehicles for Emergency Evacuation (Cabin Safety II: 4:30-5:00PM)
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 3
Injured Passengers
Injured Passengers We are referring to all passengers who move in slower speed than
regular passengers. Examples: injured passengers, disabled passengers, and passengers
need special assistant.
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 4
Outline
1. Injured Passengers with Random Seating Single Aisle Vehicle Double Aisle Vehicle
2. Injured Passenger with Assigned Seating Single Aisle Vehicle Double Aisle Vehicle
3. Accidental Injury during Emergency Evacuation Single Aisle Vehicle Double Aisle Vehicle
4. Conclusions
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 5
Randomly Seated Injured Passengers on
Single Aisle Vehicle
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 6
Injured Passengers (Single-Aisle Vehicle)
Type C Type 3 Type C
Regular Passengers (Including Fast, Medium, and Slow Speeds)
Injured Passengers (Very Slow)
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 7
Single Aisle Vehicle (Random Seating) Exit time of the last injured passenger with different moving speed
under random seating assignment.
Baseline = 68.3 sec
Number of Injured Passengers
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 8
Single Aisle Vehicle (Random Seating) Exit time of the last regular passenger with different moving speed
under random seating assignment.
Time Costs of Last Injured Passenger
Baseline = 68.3 sec
Number of Injured Passengers
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 9
Single Aisle Vehicle (Random Seating) Exit time of all passengers with different moving speed under
random seating assignment.
Baseline = 68.3 sec
Time Costs of Last Injured Passenger
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Number of Injured Passengers
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 10
Randomly Seated Injured Passengers on
Double Aisle Vehicle
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 11
Injured Passengers (Double-Aisle Vehicle)
Type A Type A
Type 3
Regular Passengers (Including Fast, Medium, and Slow Speeds)
Injured Passengers (Very Slow)
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 12
Double Aisle Vehicle (Random Seating) Exit time of the last injured passenger with different moving speed
under random seating assignment.
Baseline = 85.8 sec
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Number of Injured Passengers
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 13
Double Aisle Vehicle (Random Seating) Exit time of the last regular passenger with different moving speed
under random seating assignment.
Time Costs of Last Injured Passenger
Baseline = 85.8 sec
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Number of Injured Passengers
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 14
Double Aisle Vehicle (Random Seating) Exit time of all passengers with different moving speed under
random seating assignment.
Baseline = 85.8 sec
Time Costs of Last Injured Passenger
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Number of Injured Passengers
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 15
Comparison of Various Number of Injured Passengers
1 2 3 4 5
Number of Injured PassengersSingle-Aisle
Double-Aisle
Speed
Baseline = 85.8 sec
Baseline = 68.3 sec
0.4 0.3 0
.2 0.4 0
.3 0.2
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 16
Assigned Seating of
Single Injured Passenger on
Single Aisle Vehicle
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 17
Seat Test: Single Injured Passenger Evacuation time of the injured passenger who is placed in an
assigned seat. Injured Passenger Speed = 0.2
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 18
Seat Test: Single Injured Passenger (S=0.2) Evacuation time of the injured passenger who is placed in an
assigned seat.
Baseline = 68.3 sec
Injured Passenger Speed = 0.2
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Seat Assignment
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 19
Seat Test: Single Injured Passenger (S=0.2) Evacuation time of the last regular passenger when the single
injured passenger is placed in an assigned seat.
Baseline = 68.3 sec
Injured Passenger Speed = 0.2
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Seat Assignment
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 20
Seat Test: Single Injured Passenger (S=0.2) Evacuation time of all passengers when the single injured passenger
is placed in an assigned seat.
Baseline = 68.3 sec
Injured Passenger Speed = 0.2
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Seat Assignment
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 21
Seat Test: Single Injured Passenger (S=0.3) Evacuation time of the injured passenger who is placed in an
assigned seat.
Baseline = 68.3 sec
Injured Passenger Speed = 0.3
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Seat Assignment
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 22
Seat Test: Single Injured Passenger (S=0.3) Evacuation time of the last regular passenger when the single
injured passenger is placed in an assigned seat.
Baseline = 68.3 sec
Injured Passenger Speed = 0.3
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Seat Assignment
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 23
Seat Test: Single Injured Passenger (S=0.3) Evacuation time of all passengers when the single injured passenger
is placed in an assigned seat.
Baseline = 68.3 sec
Injured Passenger Speed = 0.3
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Seat Assignment
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 24
Seat Test: Single Injured Passenger (S=0.4) Evacuation time of the injured passenger who is placed in an
assigned seat.
Baseline = 68.3 sec
Injured Passenger Speed = 0.4
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Seat Assignment
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 25
Seat Test: Single Injured Passenger (S=0.4) Evacuation time of the last regular passenger when the single
injured passenger is placed in an assigned seat.
Baseline = 68.3 sec
Injured Passenger Speed = 0.4
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Seat Assignment
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 26
Seat Test: Single Injured Passenger (S=0.4) Evacuation time of all passengers when the single injured passenger
is placed in an assigned seat.
Baseline = 68.3 sec
Injured Passenger Speed = 0.4
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Seat Assignment
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 27
Comparisons of Evacuation Time
Speed = 0.2
Speed = 0.3
Speed = 0.4
Comparison of evacuation time of the injured passenger who is placed in an assigned seat.
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Seat Assignment
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 28
Comparisons of Evacuation Time
Speed = 0.2
Speed = 0.3
Speed = 0.4
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Seat Assignment
Comparison of evacuation time of the last regular passenger when the single injured passenger is placed in an assigned seat.
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 29
Comparisons of Evacuation Time
Speed = 0.2
Speed = 0.3
Speed = 0.4
Comparison of evacuation time of all passengers when the single injured passenger is placed in an assigned seat.
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Seat Assignment
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 30
Comparisons of the Worst Case
0.2 0.3 0.4 Single-
AisleSpeed of Injured Passenger
Baselines
Worst Cases with Injuries
68.3 sec
14.18% 3.01% -0.35%
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 31
Assigned Seating of
Single Injured Passenger on
Double Aisle Vehicle
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 32
Seat Test: Single Injured Passenger Evacuation time of the injured passenger who is placed in an
assigned seat.Injured Passenger Speed = 0.2
Seat Assignment
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 33
Seat Test: Single Injured Passenger (S=0.2) Evacuation time of the injured passenger who is placed in an
assigned seat.
Baseline = 85.8 sec
Injured Passenger Speed = 0.2
Seat Assignment
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 34
Seat Test: Single Injured Passenger (S=0.2) Evacuation time of the last regular passenger when the single
injured passenger is placed in an assigned seat.
Baseline = 85.8 sec
Seat Assignment
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Injured Passenger Speed = 0.2
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 35
Seat Test: Single Injured Passenger (S=0.2) Evacuation time of all passengers when the single injured passenger
is placed in an assigned seat.
Baseline = 85.8 sec
Seat Assignment
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Injured Passenger Speed = 0.2
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 36
Seat Test: Single Injured Passenger (S=0.3) Evacuation time of the injured passenger who is placed in an
assigned seat.
Baseline = 85.8 sec
Seat Assignment
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Injured Passenger Speed = 0.3
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 37
Seat Test: Single Injured Passenger (S=0.3)
Baseline = 85.8 sec
Seat Assignment
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Injured Passenger Speed = 0.3
Evacuation time of the last regular passenger when the single injured passenger is placed in an assigned seat.
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 38
Seat Test: Single Injured Passenger (S=0.3) Evacuation time of all passengers when the single injured passenger
is placed in an assigned seat.
Baseline = 85.8 sec
Seat Assignment
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Injured Passenger Speed = 0.3
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 39
Seat Test: Single Injured Passenger (S=0.4) Evacuation time of the injured passenger who is placed in an
assigned seat.
Baseline = 85.8 sec
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Injured Passenger Speed = 0.4
Seat Assignment
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 40
Seat Test: Single Injured Passenger (S=0.4) Evacuation time of the last regular passenger when the single
injured passenger is placed in an assigned seat.
Baseline = 85.8 sec
Seat Assignment
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Injured Passenger Speed = 0.4
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 41
Seat Test: Single Injured Passenger (S=0.4) Evacuation time of all passengers when the single injured passenger
is placed in an assigned seat.
Baseline = 85.8 sec
Seat Assignment
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Injured Passenger Speed = 0.4
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 42
Comparisons of Evacuation Time
Speed = 0.2
Speed = 0.3
Speed = 0.4
Comparison of evacuation time of the injured passenger who is placed in an assigned seat.
Seat Assignment
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 43
Comparisons of Evacuation Time
Speed = 0.2
Speed = 0.3
Speed = 0.4
Seat Assignment
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
) Comparison of evacuation time of the last regular passenger when
the single injured passenger is placed in an assigned seat.
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 44
Comparisons of Evacuation Time
Speed = 0.2
Speed = 0.3
Speed = 0.4
Seat Assignment
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
) Comparison of evacuation time of all passengers when the single
injured passenger is placed in an assigned seat.
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 45
Comparison of Individual Injured Passenger
0.2 0.3 0.4 Single-
Aisle
Double-
Aisle
Speed of Injured Passenger Vehicle Type
Baselines
Worst Cases with Injuries
85.8 sec
68.3 sec13.87% 2.53% -0.16%
14.18% 3.01% -0.35%
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 46
Comparison of Individual Injured Passenger
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 47
Accidental Injury during Evacuation
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 48
Accidental Injury (Single-Aisle Vehicle)
Type C Type 3 Type C
Regular Passenger (Including Fast, Medium, and Slow Speeds)
Injured Passenger (Very Slow, Speed = 0.2)
Location of Accidental Injury
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 49
Accidental Injury (Single-Aisle Vehicle)
Exit time of the injured passenger under different settings.
Worst Case for Injured Passenger
Baseline = 68.3 sec
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 50
Accidental Injury (Single-Aisle Vehicle)
Exit time of the last regular passenger under different settings.
Worst Case for Injured Passenger
Worst Case for Regular Passenger
Baseline = 68.3 sec
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 51
Accidental Injury (Single-Aisle Vehicle)
Exit time of all passengers under different settings.
Worst Case for Regular PassengerWorst Case for Injured Passenger
Baseline = 68.3 sec
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 52
Accidental Injury (Double-Aisle Vehicle)
Type A Type A
Type 3
Regular Passenger (Including Fast, Medium, and Slow Speeds)
Injured Passenger (Very Slow, Speed = 0.2)
Location of Accidental Injury
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 53
Accidental Injury (Double-Aisle Vehicle)
Exit time of the injured passenger under different settings.
Baseline = 85.8 sec
Worst Location for Early Accident Worst Location for Later Accident
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 54
Accidental Injury (Double-Aisle Vehicle)
Exit time of the last regular passenger under different settings.
Baseline = 85.8 sec
Worst Location for Early Accident Worst Location for Later Accident
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 55
Accidental Injury (Double-Aisle Vehicle)
Exit time of all passengers under different settings.
Baseline = 85.8 sec
Worst Location for Later AccidentWorst Location for Early Accident
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 56
Comparison of Accidentally Injured Passenger
5 10 15 20Time of Accidental InjuriesSingle-
Aisle
Double-
Aisle
Vehicl
e Type
Baselines
Worst Cases with Accidental Injuries
85.8 sec
68.3 sec
7.9% 9.2% 7.6% 7.4%
12.5% 13.5% 13.4% 14.1%
Exi
t T
ime
(sec
)
Oct. 26, 2010 P. 57
Conclusions
The overall evacuation time increases as the number of injured passengers increases.
From the worst case of seating study, the injured passenger should avoid the seats which are around 4-5 rows behind the middle exits. This may increase the overall evacuation time by 14%. This applies to both single aisle vehicle and double aisle vehicle.
Accidental injury will the overall evacuation time. The location of injury places a significant role whereas the timing of injury is not very relevant.
From the worst case study of accidental injury, the impact of the overall evacuation time of single aisle vehicle is much more than that of double aisle vehicle.