CLEAN AIR AT SEA-PORTS; INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND COST

ECONOMICS:

PRESENTED BY: Amar Ashish

COURSE: MBA(PSM)

ROLL NO: R31021103

SAP ID: 50015422

CAUSES OF AIR POLLUTION AT PORTS:

EMISSION OF DUST FROM BULK CARGO

GASES FROM CARGO HANDLING EQUIPPMENTS

RELEASE OF VAPOR FROM LIQUID CARGO

ACCIDENTAL LEAKAGE OF GASES

EXPLOSIONS, FUMES, ODORS & HAZARDOUS AIRBORNE EMISSIONS

MEASURES AGAINST ADVERSE EFFECTS:MEASURES AGAINST ADVERSE EFFECTS:

Dust emissions can be reduced by covers, screens, enclosures, Sprinkling water or other similar methods.

Gas leakages can be reduced with the help of the high quality valve sealants.

An emergency shutoff system can be used to prevent vapor release.

Environmental Challenge:Environmental Challenge:Human Health and Air PollutionHuman Health and Air Pollution

Reducing sulfur in fuel directly reduces PM Reducing sulfur in fuel directly reduces PM in air emissions. in air emissions.

Benefits of ultra-low sulfur diesel (> Benefits of ultra-low sulfur diesel (> 15ppm) combined with advanced emission 15ppm) combined with advanced emission control technology:control technology:

• In heavy-duty highway diesel vehicles, In heavy-duty highway diesel vehicles, benefits are 16 times the costs, and benefits are 16 times the costs, and prevents an estimated 8,300 premature prevents an estimated 8,300 premature deaths annually.deaths annually.

• In non-road diesel vehicles, benefits are 40 In non-road diesel vehicles, benefits are 40 times the cost.times the cost.

• Annual benefits expected to exceed $150 Annual benefits expected to exceed $150 billion versus costs of approximately $7 billion versus costs of approximately $7 billion.billion.

Model Program: Partnership forModel Program: Partnership forClean Fuels and VehiclesClean Fuels and Vehicles

A model for the Sustainable Ports A model for the Sustainable Ports and Carriers Partnershipand Carriers Partnership

Global, voluntary partnership Global, voluntary partnership launched at the World Summit for launched at the World Summit for Sustainable Development in 2002.Sustainable Development in 2002.• To eliminate lead in gasoline and reduce To eliminate lead in gasoline and reduce

sulfur in diesel and gasoline, while sulfur in diesel and gasoline, while introducing cleaner vehicle standards.introducing cleaner vehicle standards.

• 90+ partners from government, industry, 90+ partners from government, industry, NGOs and international organizations.NGOs and international organizations.

Examples of ResultsExamples of Results• Lead phased out in Africa and Indonesia.Lead phased out in Africa and Indonesia.• Mexico regulation to reduce sulfur in diesel Mexico regulation to reduce sulfur in diesel

& gasoline by 2011.& gasoline by 2011.• Retrofit projects in China, India, Thailand, Retrofit projects in China, India, Thailand,

Chile and Mexico.Chile and Mexico.• Action plans in place for other countries to Action plans in place for other countries to

reduce sulfur in fuel.reduce sulfur in fuel.

www.unep.org/PCFVwww.unep.org/PCFV

INNOVATIVE AIR-QUALITY IMPROVEMENT INNOVATIVE AIR-QUALITY IMPROVEMENT TECHNOLOGIES:TECHNOLOGIES:

Innovation and uniqueness of technology (i.e. equipment, alternative fuels, etc.) to reduce air pollution.

Direct indirect air pollutant emissions reduction with focus on diesel particulate matter, oxides of nitrogen, and oxides of sulfur.

Demonstration that the project outcomes were effectively measured and evaluated.

Cost effectiveness of the project (long-term cost per ton of air emissions reduced)

Innovative technology can be applied to other similar port sources, or across port source categories.

COST ECONOMICS:In heavy-duty highway diesel In heavy-duty highway diesel vehicles, benefits are 16 times the vehicles, benefits are 16 times the costs, and prevents an estimated costs, and prevents an estimated 8,300 premature deaths annually.8,300 premature deaths annually.

In non-road diesel vehicles, benefits In non-road diesel vehicles, benefits are 40 times the cost.are 40 times the cost.

Annual benefits expected to exceed Annual benefits expected to exceed $150 billion versus costs of $150 billion versus costs of approximately $7 billionapproximately $7 billion..

Use of LNG instead of diesel or fuel Use of LNG instead of diesel or fuel oil is also cost effective and eco-oil is also cost effective and eco-friendlyfriendly