air part c submission 641119 chen

S T U D I O

AIR

L Y D I A C H E NT U T O R : C A N H U I C H E N

S E M E S T E R 1

2 0 1 5

P A R T B . C R I T E R I A D E S I G N

B . 1 Research Field 34

B . 2 Case Study 1.0 38


B . 4 Technique: Development 54

B . 5 Technique: Prototypes 62

B . 6 Technique: Proposal 68

B . 7 Learning Objectives & Outcomes 74

B . 8 Appendix: Algorithmic Sketches 76

P A R T A . C O N C E P T U A L I S A T I O N

A . 0 Design Futuring 8

A . 1 Design Computation 12

A . 2 Design Composition, Generation 16

A .3 Algorithmic Sketches 20

I N T R O D U C T I O N

_._ About Me 4

C O N T E N T

P A R T B . C R I T E R I A D E S I G N

B . 1 Research Field 34



B . 4 Technique: Development 54

B . 5 Technique: Prototypes 62

B . 6 Technique: Proposal 68

B . 7 Learning Objectives & Outcomes 74

B . 8 Appendix: Algorithmic Sketches 76

P A R T A . C O N C E P T U A L I S A T I O N

A . 0 Design Futuring 8

A . 1 Design Computation 12

A . 2 Design Composition, Generation 16

A .3 Algorithmic Sketches 20

P A R T C . T H E P A R A N E S T

C. 1 Site Analysis 82

C. 2 Goal Setting 86

C. 3 Chosen Site 88

C.4 Bird Types 90

C.5 Nesting Materials 94

C.6 Precedents 96

C.7 Idea Generating Sketches 98

C.8 Iterations 100

C.9 Selection Criteria 103

C.10 Cells 106

C.11 Digital Model 110

C.12 Anti-pollution Systems 112

C.13 Prototypes 118

C.14 Fabrication 126

C.15 Final Model 138

C.16 Model on Site 144

C.17 Reflection on Course 150

I N T R O D U C T I O N

_._ About Me 4

My type of architecture is very much ‘humanised’ Scandinavian. It harnesses natural lighting, it is clean and soft, and looks to its surrounding landscape for inspiration.Utzon’s Bagsvaerd Church is a favourite. Yetin the mean time, it evokes a heightened sensory experience through its unique individuality, like Heatherwick’s Seed Cathedral.

Coming into first year of architecture and going into Virtual Environments, I gained a completely different insight into design. The ability to manipulate digital tools to generate precise and poetic outcomes was introduced to us. The ability to transfer our theories into realisation is no longer done manually, but can be achieved through programmed means- it made me realise the possibilities of virtual design is endless. Through undertaking the design process, a vital lesson I learnt was the importance of proper prototyping. This means prototyping to scale, and with the right materials. Hence enabling one to reduce material costs dramatically, as well as time spent on fixing mistakes during model making that would have been found during protoyping.

For Air this semester, I aim to improve on the mistakes I made in Virtual- have numerous protoypes to test different materials’ qualities and the ability to communicate my design through visual cues, instead of written words.

A B O U T M E

Utzon, ‘Relationship with Clouds’,

www.abprojects.com, accessed 12/6/2015

S E C O N D S K I N P R O J E C T , V I R T U A L E N V I R O N M E N T S 2 0 1 3

A . C O N C E P T U A L I S A T I O N

DESIGN FUTURING

UK PAVILIONShanghai Expo 2010

THOMAS HEATHERWICK

Heatherwick explored the future of cities through integrating nature into his expo intricately. Through his childhood influences with his mother’s jewellery shop, Heatherwick discovered the importance in the finer details. Therefore he linked his past experience with the British’s world first public park in Britain, and then connecting the organic components with ‘seeds’. By inserting his observations into the design, a revolutionary outcome emerged. The small components are showcased, representing the ‘seed’ of nature but also ‘seed’ of life. By presenting something that is normally deemed insignificant in this celebratory fashion, Heatherwick is telling the public that our future lies in the mundane things that one would not normally realize is important. The structure is minimalistic in its ideas, yet extremely sophisticated, incorporating wind movement as a part of the experience inside the structure. I feel that Heatherwick is attempting to convey that the seed of the future lies in functionality, and he definitely defined that word very creatively in this expo.

The three Images are sourced from

w w w . h e a t h e r w i c k . c o m / u k - p a v i l i o n

HOUSE WITH ONE WALL2007

CHRISTIAN KEREZ

Kerez is an architect who allows his daily activities to be constrained by rules. He says that because these rules exist, they often generate unexpected outcomes that differ to the ordinary. This is strongly exemplified in his ‘house with one wall’ home in Zurich. One thing that appeals to me is the clarity that protrudes in both the plans and images of the house. The house is really all about generating conceptual clarity- there is no ambiguity involved.

The building contains a key futuristic way of thinking that is similar to that of Heatherwick’s cathedral- complexity is found in simplicity. We are no longer about the Gothic Architecture; beauty can be found not just on the facades of buildings but also in the fluidity that minimalistic architecture brings forth. And Kerez’s house does exactly that - the constraints Kerez has inserted with the single wall concept creates fluid connections within the home.

The three images are sourced from:

www.kerez.ch

STRUCTURAl OSCILLIATIONS 11th Venice Architectural Biennale

2007-2008

GRAMAZIO KOHLER

A.1DESIGN COMPUTATION

Constructed with nearly 15,000 individually rotated blocks, the structural oscilliations displayed demonstrates the effect of computation in a design process. As opposed to manually laying down thousands of bricks, robots are now generating curves at precisely measured angles as instructed technologically. Kohler’s conceptual interface is an illustration of many possibilities that could come with computer-aided design. Not only a wide array of complex geometries can be achieved, they are able to be inpeccably accurate and stable.


gramaziokohler.arch.ethz.ch

ICD/ITKE RESEARCH PAVILIONStuttgart University

2012

(ICD) A. MENGES & (ITKE) J. KNIPPERS

This biomemetic design developed by architecture and engineer researchers at both two universities illustrate a similar point to that of Kohler’s oscilliations. This project also completed on site robotically with its circular movement of construction closely monitored.

This pavilion portrays another possibility that was enabled by computational parametric design and robotic construction. It is almost impossible to recreated such a precisely structure manually.


www.achimmenges.net

TAICHUNG METROPOLITAN OPERA HOUSE2014

TOYO ITO

A.2COMPOSITION, GENERATION

TAICHUNG METROPOLITAN OPERA HOUSE2014

TOYO ITO

Having been inside the theatre myself, I understand the full strength that comes with generative design. Through the sets of rules generated by algorithms, such altitudes that used to be deemed dangerous or unachievable suddenly are in front of our eyes.

There is precision and smoothness in the structure that are not found in buildings surrounding the theatre. Overall, the building integrates with the outer space seamlessly. Yet one shortcoming I found as I visited the place is the details in the interiors that were lacking. Perhaps generative design focused too much on the overall form but not is not fully realised both external and internally?


www.toyo-ito.co.jp

ASTANA NATIONAL LIBRARY2014

BIG

SImilar to that of the Taichung Opera House, orgamic shapes and forms are emerging with the aid of generative design. The concept of ‘infinite loops’ not only defines the country as harmonious, but opens up the structure and allows pedestrian flow and space.

Generative design further allos lighting through the facades of the library with triangular patterns that follow the curves all around, creating connections with the exterior environment.

The two images are sourced from:

A.3 ALGORITHMIC SKETCHES

EXPLORING SPATIAL QUALITIES AND POSSIBILITIES USING ‘SWEEP AND LOFT’ WHILST RECORDING THE ITERATIONS.

WEEKS 1 & 2

DELAUNAY TRIANGULATION

FAIL? COMBINED WITH CURVE PROTRUDING

CRAZY INTERSECTING LOFTED CURVES

MESH EXPERIMENTATION WITH LOOSE OBJECTS- NO BOOLEAN OPERATIONS

MESH WELDED AND SMOOTHED

ITERATIONS

MESH EXPERIMENTATION WITH BOOLEAN OPERATIONS,

MESH WELDED AND SMOOTHED

SHARPNESS TOLERANCE ADJUSTED

LEARNING ABOUT THE TRANSFORM MENU- CONTOUR AND LOFT

SECTIONING MODEL, LAYING OUT AND LABELLING PANELS IN GRASSHOPPER

CURVES MENU

DRIFTWOOD SURFACES:

LEFT WAS FAILED

RIGHT WAS SUCCESS

THE TRANSFORM MENU-MORPHING

WEEK 3

GRID SHELL ITERATION 1CREATING A GRIDSHELL- ORIGINAL

GRID SHELL ITERATION 2 GRID SHELL ITERATION 3

GRID SHELL ITERATION WITH POINTS 2GRID SHELL ITERATION WITH POINTS 1

PATTERNING LISTS WITH OWN CURVE- PERSPECTIVE

PATTERNING LISTS WITH OWN CURVE- FRONT

PATTERNING LISTS CULLING ITERATION 1 PATTERNING LISTSCULLING ITERATION 2

PATTERNING LISTS CULLING ITERATION 3 LESSON LEARNT FROM LAST STUDIO: PIPING CURVES

RUTTEN WEBINAR: CULLING PATTERN UNCHANGED RUTTEN WEBINAR: CULLING ITERATION 1

RUTTEN WEBINAR: CULLING ITERATION 3 RUTTEN WEBINAR: CULLING ITERATION 4

B . C R I T E R I A D E S I G N

Fabrication Concerns:

The key aspect of fabrication will be joints. I need to think of and experiment with different ways of connecting through rigorious prototyping. How resolved the joints will be can determine the final outcome.

Also, the materials is another factor to be considered. How flexible and rigid should it be?Should it have the strength to self support?

Seroussi Pavillion, Paris, 2007

Seroussi Pavilion, 2007, accessed 26/4/2015, http://www.biothing.org/?cat=5

Seroussi Pavilion uses patterns of vectors based on electro-magnetic fields (EMF). Attraction/repulsion points are evaluated in plan and then became three-dimensional with sections using the sine function.

Opportunities:

- Wrapped in and in-between cocoon’s swirling fibers are the opportunities for different degrees of cohabitation or humans and art collection - living with art.

- Spatial oppotunities within structure as well as in the exterior.

- Inhabiting within structure, similar to that of a bird’s nest and trees and branches used as shelter

B . 2 C A S E S T U D Y 1 . 0

V A R I A T I O N

1

V A R I A T I O N

2

V A R I A T I O N

3

V A R I A T I O N

4

V A R I A T I O N

5

V A R I A T I O N

6

V A R I A T I O N

7

V A R I A T I O N

8

V A R I A T I O N

9

V A R I A T I O N

1 0

S P E C I E S S P E C I E S S P E C I E S S P E C I E S 1 2 3 4

S P E C I E S S P E C I E S S P E C I E S S P E C I E S 1 2 3 4

Successful Outcomes

What deems these four iterations more successful than others? There are a few points that I considered when choosing these outcomes:

1. Functionality

Will the outcome satisfy what I want it to do? To be a pavilion that allows animals to interact with it as well as humans.

2. Aesthetics

Does it look pleasing? Does it inspire? Does it have potential to be developed further?

3. Span

How will the outcome span horizontally and vertically?

4. Relation to Site

How will it fit in relation to site? Will it fit on site? How will it sit?

5. Buildable?

Is the shape buildable? Is it too complicated? Consideration of materials

In following these criterias, I hope to produce a result that natural in its form yet in the mean time interactive and functional.

Selection Criteria

Criteria 1 is met, will provide interarction with animals and people, problem lies in buildability. The lines needs simplifying.

Similar to the first outcome, lines need simplification to allow it to be buildable.

Successful Outcomes

Will need to consider materials as the lines spike upwards. Has the potential to become a shelter?

A bird nest like shape, consider drainage for the dent in the middle.

B . 3 C A S E S T U D Y 2 . 0

BEIJINGBuilt for the 2008 Olympics as the main stadium for the event, the stadium is a result of repeated geodesic curves that based on a lofted surface .

Bird’s Nest Stadium, Para 3D, accessed on 24/4/2015, http://torabiarchitect.

Reverse

1. Using a central point to control horizontal and vertical points

2. Using a central point to control points in the four

quadrants with angles

3. Curves are created based on these

points, then lofted

8. Geodesic 1+2 9. Geodesic 2+3 10. Geodesic 3+4

4. Geodesic 1

4. Geodesic 1 5. Geodesic 2 6. Geodesic 3 7. Geodesic 4

HOW THE PROJECT WAS PARAMETRICALLY PRODUCED

Similar to how I created the geodesic curves, the Bird Nest Stadium is likely to have been

created in this process.

Yet, there should be no randomness in the geodesic

curves- for example no ‘jitter’.

Further, there would also be more control points for the curves that were lofted from to allow precise

measurement of dome size.

There would also be control points in the thickness of each

geodesic curve to control the sizing of each curve.

11. Final Product

Bird’s Eye View

Entrance View

Right View

Perspective View

B . 4 T E C H N I Q U E :

D E V E L O P M E N T

V A R I A T I O N

1

V A R I A T I O N

2

V A R I A T I O N

3

V A R I A T I O N

4

V A R I A T I O N

5

V A R I A T I O N

6

V A R I A T I O N

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V A R I A T I O N

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V A R I A T I O N

9

V A R I A T I O N

1 0

1 2 3 4 5

1 2 3 4 5

Case Study 1.0 Criterias:

1. Functionality

Will the outcome satisfy what I want it to do? To be a pavilion that allows animals to interact with it as well as humans.

2. Aesthetics

Does it look pleasing? Does it inspire? Does it have potential to be developed further?

3. Span

How will the outcome span horizontally and vertically?

4. Relation to Site


5. Buildable?

Is the shape buildable?

Case Study 2.0 Criterias (in addition to 1.0):

1. Functionality

To also be a sculpture that attracts pedestrian to site.

2. Aesthetics

To also be a pavilion that is reminicent of the bird’s nest seen on site- sense of enclosed space. Further, to represent trees branches hanging down as seen on site.

3. Span

How will the circular space enclose?

4. Relation to Site


5. Buildable?

The angle of the fins, the length and width, the heaviness of material, joints.

Rethinking Selection Criteria

Case Study 2.0 Criterias (in addition to 1.0):

1. Functionality

To also be a sculpture that attracts pedestrian to site.

2. Aesthetics

To also be a pavilion that is reminicent of the bird’s nest seen on site- sense of enclosed space. Further, to represent trees branches hanging down as seen on site.

3. Span

How will the circular space enclose?

4. Relation to Site


5. Buildable?

The angle of the fins, the length and width, the heaviness of material, joints.

Successful Iterations

Randomised curves colliding to create structure, it encloses a space whilst represents branches of tree hanging down.

Aligned curved panels in triangular form. Still reminds one of branches hanging down. Consider thickness of material (thinner?)


P R O T O T Y P E S

Prototype 1

Joint Testing 1

pins bent 90 degrees to hold two curves

0.6mm Polyproplene

Joint Testing 2

pins that bent in opposite directions, still a pin joint.

Webbing of structure, however the strips are too thin, it does not stand

Prototype 2

Boxboard 1mm

Without base, supported by wires

Wires through the 2mm holes, becomes a semi rigid joint.

The 90 degree pins are too short to support the 1mm boxboard.

Boxboard 1mm

With 6mm base

Top View

Close up of fin to board connection

Holes cut up to fit in stripsTop View


P R O P O S A L

The Site:

N

Location and topography of site, 2015, LMS, Resources from Studio Air, Faculty of

Architecture and Planning, University of Melbourne

Close up of chosen section, google maps, accessed 29/4/2015, google maps.com

Location and topography of site, 2015, LMS, Resources from Studio Air, Faculty of

Architecture and Planning, University of Melbourne

All images of site and surrounds produced by Lydia Chen, taken April 2015.

I chose the northern part of the Merri Creek where CERES COmmunity Environment Park is. It is a serene and quiet part of the Merri Creek

with little population flow. The creek is lined on both sides by trees and plantation. This part of the creek does not have a busy flow and is quite

shallow. Walking down from the Kingfishner Gardens entry, there is a small hill that joins onto the footpath. In front of the path is an empty

open area that is surrounded by bushes and faces the walk path.

Model &

Inside the community centre- round shaped well and reflection space. These circulr structures represent harmony,

gathering, and community spirit. An important aspect considered as a part of ‘human interaction’ my design.

Footpath walking down from the entrance. To the left is the creek, to the right going uphill is the community centre.

The field I have chosen is in front of the creek in this image.

The model will sit on the open field, standing as a symbol of gathering nature and community at the creek. Not only to draw the community

towards the creek, but more so to attract people towards engaging nature to be able to maintain a healthy relationship with it.

B . 7

L E A R N I N G O B J E C T I V E S &

O U T C O M E S

Self Evaluation

From learning about initial idea formation to prototyping, I have learnt a lot about utilising parametric tools to produce a design outcome.

1. The importance of generating a cohesive form. This means a form that doesn’t just look aesthetically appealing or ‘cool’. It needs to be a structure that is feasible and has control points that would later be able to be realised

2. Consideration of factors other than the design itself. Have I thought about connection with site enough? Or how users (other than people and animals) can interact with the site.

3. Fabrication. The importance of drawing each detail properly (for example the thickness of fins) to enable a smooth process when constructing the prototype. Ignoring a detail can lead to failure of entire model.

4. Precedents. What other precedents can I look at to improve my prototypes? How can they spark new ideas for my development?

5. Materials in relation to form. Similar to using the criterias I developed to choose my desired iterations for B.2 and B.4, I should be doing a similar process in prototyping. For instance listing a table to help me develop a criteria:

A. Materials B. Fins C. Joints D. Form

1. Boxboard 1. Thickness 1. Rigid 1. Dome

2. Polypropylene 2. Length 2. Flexible 2. Circle

3. Ivory Card 3. shape 3. Semi flexible 3. Sphere?

Continue to explore and experiment...

B . 8 A P P E N D I X :

A L G O R I T H M I C S K E T C H E S

USING 2D VORONOI TO EVALUATE FIELD, FLATTENING AND REDUCING POINTS- SIMPLIFYING VORONOI CELLS

USING POINTS TO EVALUATE FIELD, WITH ATTRACTING, REPULSING, CLOCKWISE AND ANTICLOCKWISE

GRIDSHELL FORM EXPLORATION ITERATION 3

C . P A R A N E S T

[ T Y P E S O F T R E E S A T M E R R I C R E E K ]

www.darebincouncil.vic.gov.au/merricreek-indegenousplants, accessed 20/5/2015

The abundant types of trees act as natural habitats for birds. Especially the Eucalyptus trees which are native to Australia. They are a sturdy type of tree, most with adequate height and a good amount of foliage for birds to live and build nests in comfortably. Many birds that were observed on site were found in the three types of Eucalyptus trees depicted on the right.

S I T E O B S E R V A T I O N P O S I T I V E S : N A T U R A L H A B I T A T

[ E U C A L Y P T U S O N S I T E ]

1. Yellow Gum

Native to Australia, sturdy type of hardwood.

2. Red Stringy Bark

Medium sized, dark brown, fibrous and tough exterior.

2. Grey Box

Smooth, grey to brown barks, with low branches.

Taken by Lydia Chen, 23/5/2015

S I T E O B S E R V A T I O N P O S I T I V E S : N A T U R A L H A B I T A T

1.

2.

3.

DWEE

Water pollution: the creek is evidently polluted with rubbish such as this. Not only would the aquatic life suffer or get caught in this bag, birds could also get trapped in there while they consume water from the creek.

Severe rubbish dumping along banks of creek: the incredible amount of rubbish found on site was quite haunting. The damage to wildlife from living in this type of environment would be extensive.

Again, a significant amount of rubbish polluting the creek and the natural environment, they are caught in branches and small boulders along the creek, what happens when rubbish continues to clog the creek?

1.

2.

3.

S I T E O B S E R V A T I O N N E G A T I V E S : P O L L U T I O N

[ E V I D E N C E O F R U B B I S H & W A T E R P O L L U T I O N ]

DWEE

1. Shelter

Shelter is being made on a branch that looks like it could fall apart any second, why? Is it the polluted natural environment that caused this?

2. Water

Ducks and birds are coming into contact with the creek, any toxin waste emitted by the pollution, the wildlife has first hand experience.

3. Consumption

Pigeon drinking the polluted creek water. Imagine the damage it could cause them when they live in this environment permenantly.How do we protect them from this polluted environment?

S I T E O B S E R V A T I O N N E G A T I V E S : P O L L U T I O N

[ W I L D L I F E & P O L L U T I O N ]

1.

2.

3.

FOCAL SITE FOR DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

Exported map from Google Earth Pro, accessed may 2015

[ S E T T I N G G O A L S ]After a second site visit, our group was determined to

improve the quality of natural environment for birds, we came up with some goals we aim to achieve with our design:

P R I M A R Y G O A L :Improve the natural environment for

birds around the Merri Creek by:

+ Providing a safer, less polluted nesting environment that shelter them from pollution,

+ but also improves the polluted natural environment itself.

S E C O N D A R Y G O A L S :+ Provide a stepping stone passage along the Merri Creek to streamline the seasonal

migration process with transitional birds.

+ Provide a strong shelter that protects small birds from crows- who steal other birds’ eggs and is a pest to the creek.

CHOSEN AREA

AREA OF OBSERVATION

1. CERES COMMUNITY PARK

2. BROADHURST AVENUE BRIDGE

C H O S E N S I T E S

3. ST GEORGE STREET/ BRIDGE

EURASIAN JAYS

BULBULS

CROWS

DOVES

PIGEONS

BLACKBIRDS

SPARROWS

• Sparrows are small, plump, brown-grey birds with short tails and stubby, powerful beaks.

• The house sparrow is a very social bird. It is gregarious at all seasons when feeding, often forming flocks with other types of bird.

• Well adapted to living around humans

• deep orange to yellow bill, a narrow yellow eye-ring and dark legs.

• found in urban areas and surrounding localities, but has successfully moved into bushland habitats.

• White Doves are small birds.• Dove they are quite hardy. If they are kept outdoors

and are accustomed to cold weather, they can take below freezing temperatures for a short period of time.

• Crested Pigeon is a stocky pigeon with a conspicuous thin black crest. Most of the plumage is grey-brown, becoming more pink on the underparts. The wings are barred with black, and are decorated with glossy green and purple patches. The head is grey, with an pinkish-red ring around the eye.

• Australian Ravens are black with white eyes in adults.

• The Australian Raven is found in all habitat types, with the exception of the more arid areas of Western Australia.

• Australian Raven is mainly carnivorous.

• It has a pointed black crest, white cheeks, brown back, reddish under tail coverts and a long white-tipped tail.

• Bulbuls are common in urban areas

• beautiful Corvidae easy to identify thanks to the bright blue wing patch.

• Eurasian Jay is secretive and wary, often heard rather than seen.

PHYSICAL FEATURES

P E R M A N E N T B I R D S P E C I E S

• • Favorite: • social activities such as dust and water bathing,

and “social singing”

• builds a cup-shaped nest of dried grass, bound with mud, and lined with fine grasses.Also use

tree hollows.

• flimsy nest builders so it is best to provide them with an open nesting container. Suitable housing for a White Dove would be a large cockatiel cage along with some flight time outside the cage.

• White Doves are very clean birds and love to bathe.

• The Crested Pigeon builds a delicate nest of twigs, placed in a tree or dense bush. Both sexes share the incubation of the eggs, and both care for the young.

• construct a large untidy nest, normally consisting of bowl or platform of sticks, lined with grasses, bark and feathers.

• Food: eats insects, earthworms, snails, spiders and a range of seeds and fruit. It mainly forages

on the ground, lands and soils.

• Food: grains and weeds, but it is opportunistic and adaptable, and eats whatever foods are available

• a wide-ranging diet that may consist of grains, fruits, insects, small animals, eggs, refuse and carrion;

• The Crested Pigeon’s diet consists mostly of native seeds, as well as those of introduced crops and weeds. Some leaves and insects are also eaten. Feeding is in small to large groups, which also congregate to drink at waterholes.

• They not only enjoy their greens, but will also enjoy spray millet and such things as crumbled cornmeal and bread. Grit is essential as all Ringneck Doves swallow their food whole, and it helps grind up the food.

• inhabit parks, gardens and along creeks.• an open cup nest of rootlets, bark and leaves,

lined with soft fibre. The nest is usually placed in a low tree fork. Two or three broods may be reared in a season.

• feed on a variety of native and introduced fruits, insects and flower buds.

• Both sexes build a well constructed platform of twigs. The cup is fairly deep and lined with softer plant materials. Nest is situated in fork near the centre of the tree or lower crown, concealed by foliage and vegetation, at about 4-6 metres above the ground.

• feeds primarily on invertebrates such as caterpillars and beetles during the breeding and nesting seasons. It gleans from foliage in trees. But as other Corvidae, it also takes eggs and nestlings of several bird species. uring autumn and winter, it feeds on seeds and berries, chestnuts and acorns

HABITATION FOOD

P E R M A N E N T B I R D S P E C I E S

EUROASIAN JAYS

BULBULS

CROWS

DOVES

PIGEONS

BLACKBIRDS

SPARROWS

28-29 cm

~21 cm

~52 cm

~30.5 cm

~33 cm

~23.5-29 cm

~15 cm

LENGTH

S I Z E S : L E N G T H & W E I G H T

120-130 g

32 g

557 g

170-200 cm

207 g

80-125 g

~27 g

WEIGHT

RANGE AVERAGE15-36 CM

27-200 GRAMS

27 CM

200 GRAMS

S I Z E S : L E N G T H & W E I G H T

WOOL FEATHER

MUD DRIED LEAVES

SPIDER WEBTREE BARK

TWIGSDRIED GRASS

GRASSPET FUR

Although the structure and strength of our design will rely on a more solid material, birds prefer natural over processed materials as it is more familiar to what they are used to. Birds pick up what they can find surrounding trees and around forests to build their nest for eggs. Some of the most common materials are the ones listed above. It is important to note that every bird has different preferences of nesting materials and with the correct type, they can be more easily attracted.

[ M A T E R I A L L E G E N D ]

[ B I R D S ’ N E S T I N G M A T E R I A L S ]

EURASIAN JAYS

BULBULS

CROWS

DOVES

PIGEONS

BLACKBIRDS

SPARROWS

SOFTER PLANT MATERIALS

GRASS

GRASS

GRASS

BARK DRIED LEAVES

TWIGS BARKFEATHER

TWIGS

TWIGS

MUD

FEATHERWOOL

[ P R E C E D E N T S ]

.....ROTATION OFCELLS?

-----INTERNAL LIGHTING?

.....INTERACTION WITH SITE?

.....HANGING?

.....ROTATION OFCELLS?

-----GAPS IN BETWEEN CELLS?

.....SHADOW EFFECTS?

Above Images: Google Image Search, accessed June 2015

.....IDEAS ON HOW TO PUT TOGETHER CELLS?

-----INTERNAL LIGHTING VARIATION?

.....JOINTS?

[ ]Different ways of incorporating my B2 ideas with that of my B2 webbing ideas with my group members’ cells, however was not chosen due to time constraints, but gave us food for thought into the organisation of cells.

C E L L S & W E B B I N G C O M B I N A T I O N ?

Rough sketches, Lydia Chen, June 2015

C E L L S & W E B B I N G C O M B I N A T I O N ?

FORM INTERNAL OPENINGS

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EXTRUSION OUTCOME

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[ S E L E C T I O N C R I T E R I A ]

SUNLIGHT

STRUCTURAL CAPACITY

WATER PROOFING

FORMATIVE CURVES LOFTING CURVES FOR SURFACE

INWARD EXTRUSION FOR INTERIOR SPACE

]P R O G R E S S I V E D I A G R A M S

OUTWARD EXTRUSION FOR CELLS OPENINGS

FINAL OUTCOMEINWARD EXTRUSION FOR INTERIOR SPACE

]P R O G R E S S I V E D I A G R A M S

SPLIT INTO HALVES

CELL 1

CELL 2

CELL 3

CELL 4

CELL 5

DIMENSION: H= 10CM|W=12CM





[ C E L L S O R G A N I S A T I O N ]

CELL 6

CELL 7

CELL 8

CELL 9

CELL 10






SPLIT INTO HALVES

[ C E L L S O R G A N I S A T I O N ]

Medium Cells:- Ranges from 10 - 25 centime-ters- Shelter for smaller birds such as Bulbuls, Sparrows and Blackbirds

Small Cells:-Cells below 10 centimeters in size- For human interaction ; Pot planting, plant seedlings, pro-vide food for birds, etc (before the nest is hung)-Birds excrement system

Big Cells:-Ranges from 25 - 30 centime-ters-For bigger birds such as Jays, Doves, Pigeons and Blackbirds

Cells in increasing order

Cells in decreasing order

8 cm

32 cm

[ D I G I T A L M O D E L ]

FRONT BACK

[ D I G I T A L M O D E L ]

LEFT RIGHT

RAINWATER COLLECT ING SYSTEM

SECTION

CUT IN MIDDLE

RAINWATER HAVESTING

RAINWATER DISTRIBUTION

RAINWATER OVERFLOW EXIT

RAINWATER IS COLLECTED AT THE TOP. THE ANGLE OF THE CELLS ONLY ALLOWS A CERTAIN AMOUNT OF RAINWATER TO PENETRATE THROUGH THE STRUCTURE.

RAINWATER PURIFICATION

RAIWATER IS PURIFIED ALONG THE WAY BY FILTRATION SYSTEM TO PROVIDE BIRDS WITH CLEAN WATER.

RAINWATER ARRIVAL AT EACH CELL

RAINWATER ARRIVES AT EACH CELL AFTER BEING PURIFIED.

THE PIPES GO AROUND THE EDGES OF CELLSM USING MOTOR TO PUMP WATER GO AROUND.

IN RAINY SEASONS, RAINWATER MAY EXCEED THE ACCEPTABLE LEVEL AND POSSIBLY CAUSE FLOODING AND MOISTURE DISRUPTION.

OVERFLOW RAINWATER WILL DRAIN OUT THROUGH PIPES AT THE BOTTOM.

SAMPLE CELL

RAINWATER PIPES

RAINWATER PIPES RUN AROUND THE CELL EDGES, PURIFY RAINWATER ALONG THE WAY

CLEAN WATER CONTAINER

CLEAN RAINWATER ARRIVES IN A LITTLE CONTAINER ATTACHED TO EACH CELL. BIRDS USE THIS WATER TO DRINK OR SHOWER.

GRAVELS

COAL

SAND

RAINWATER

PIPE SECTION

SECTION

CUT IN MIDDLE

EXCREMENT COLLECT ING SYSTEM

EXCREMENT COLLECTING

EXCREMENT STORAGE

EXCREMENT IS PRODUCED BY BIRDS IN EACH CELL RESULTING IN UNCOMFORTABLE ODOR AND HYGIENICAL ISSUE THAT AFFECTS LIVING CONDITION OF THE BIRDS.

EXCREMENT COLLECTING EXCREMENT TECHNICALLY GATHERED AND COLLECTED AT EACH CELLS THROUGH THE PANELS

RAINWATER ARRIVAL AT EACH CELL

EXCREMENT THEN TRANSFERRED DOWN TO STORAGE THROUGH PIPE SYSTEM THAT RUNS AT THE EDGE OF THE CELL, USING PUMP AND WATER TO ACTIVATE THE PROCESS.

EXCREMENT IS STORED IN THE CELLS AT THE BOTTOMS, THEN COLLECTED BY LOCAL FARMERS FOR PLANT FERTILIZER.

PIPE SECTION

EXCREMENT PIPES

EXCREMENT IS TRANSFERRED TO STORAGE THROUGH PIPES RUN AROUND THE EDGE.

CLEAN WATER CONTAINER

CLEAN RAINWATER ARRIVES IN A LITTLE CONTAINER ATTACHED TO EACH CELL. BIRDS USE THIS WATER TO DRINK OR SHOWER.

WATER FOR CLEANING

EXCREMENT

MOTOR ENGINE

WATER VALVE

CAMERA SYSTEMS FOR SURVE ILLANCE

EXCREMENT COLLECTING

CAMERAS ARE PLACED AT THE TIP OF EACH CELLS AND WHAT IS RECORDED WILL BE BROADCASTED TO LOCAL COMMUNITY SERVICE, IN ORDER TO:

-MONITOR BIRDS

-RESEARCH STUDY ABOUT BIRDS SPECIES

-EASILY TRACK BIRDS AND CONTROL THEIR POPULATION

CAMERAS

LITTLE CAMERAS ARE PLACED TO RECORD AT EACH CELL.

[ P R O T O T Y P E S ]

[ P R O T O T Y P E 1 ]

+ MATERIAL: WHITE CARD+ JOINT SYSTEM: TAPE &TABS

[ P R O T O T Y P E 2 ]

+ MATERIAL: PLYWOOD+ JOINT SYSTEM: TAPERED ENDS & SPLIT END PINS+ SPRAY PAINTED WHITE

[ P R O T O T Y P E 3 ]

+ MATERIAL: IVORY CARD IN BLACK+ JOINT SYSTEM: TAPED WITH TABS+ STRENGTHENED WITH : UHU GLUE

[ F A B R I C A T I O N ]

[ TO

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F A B R I C A T I O N P R O C E S S

Double sided tape on tabs, scissors

1. Folding Panels 2. Taping tabs on cells

3. Sticking both parts together

Double sided tape

F A B R I C A T I O N P R O C E S S

PliersStaple gun with rubbers

4. Stapling tabs to the cell

5. Stapling the cell to the other cells

6. Using pliers to bend staples down

[ P R O G R E S S D O C U M E N T A T I O N ]

ONE TENTH THREE TENTH HALF WAY THREE QUARTERS

DOUBLE SIDED TAPE

STAPLES

TABS

[ I M P L E M E N T E D J O I N T S Y S T E M ]

D O U B L E D S I D E D

T A P E & S T A P L E G U N S

+ POSITIVES:

- light structural strength- concealed, less prominent outlook

- secures corners

+NEGATIVES:

- does not hold model’s weight- tape is not sticky enough

- staples that were not bent fell out- very insure

WHAT TO DO? LOOK FOR ALTERNATIVE SYSTEM >

[ A L T E R N A T I V E S Y S T E M C O N S I D E R A T I O N ]

S C R E W S & B O L T S

+ POSITIVES:

- strong structural strength- neat and tied-together outlook

- secures corners- relatively easy to install

+NEGATIVES:

- too bulky in size in comparison to model- too heavy, will weigh the model down

BOLTS

[ A L T E R N A T I V E S Y S T E M C O N S I D E R A T I O N ]

C A B L E T I E S

+ POSITIVES:

- strong structural strength- neat and semi-transparent outlook

- one cable tie in centre is enough to secure entire cell

- a lot easier to install

+NEGATIVES:

- crushes model if tied too tightly

CABLE TIES

F I N A L

M O D E L

[ F I N A L M O D E L R O T A T I O N ]

[ C L O S E U P S ]

O N

S I T E

C L O S E

U P S

[ R E F L E C T I O N ]Throughout Air studio this semester, I have gained an immense amount of knowledge into parametric design that I would not have been able to achieve through an ordinary architecture design studio. Grasshopper enabled me to understand design programming and how one instruction set out leads to a sequence of orders that follows sequential consequences.

Part A saw us looking to precedents that used parametric design in varying ways. Understanding the logic behind these buildings and structures broadened my views into possibilities of parametric design and allowed me to brainstorm and develop from other designers’ concepts.

Part B allowed me to challenge myself in terms of exploring the possibilities as well as limits of grasshopper. The B2 iterations with attractor points had gave me a lot of outputs in terms of interesting rotational and even geometrical shapes. However its limits lies in the number of attractor points- too many points generated with 2D voronoi or hexagrid lags the system and does not produce effective outcomes. My shortcomings for B2 lies in the lack of concept with B3 bird nest. I took the precedent of Beijing Bird Nest and did not vary the form enough through iterations, ending up with an almost identical result that did not effectively transfer onto my B2 models.

Part C is the start of group work. Naomi, Udie and I all had similar concepts in terms of a ‘bird nest’, and we ventured into exploring shapes and forms that accommodate our imaginations. Vigorous research and site analysis gaves me detailed information into the typologies of birds and their environments. We developed a form that we believe have satisfied the goals we set out when we first started out. Our dissatisfaction lies in the joints we decided upon. We did not produce a sufficient amount of cells bonded together whilst prototyping, hence overestimated polyproplene’s ability in bonding together and carry the model’s weight. Sticky tape and stapling gave the joint detailing a messy look. Although we stablised our model with cable ties in the last stages, the messy appearance is already apparent. Nevertheless, the cable ties tied the cells together tightly and cohesively.

Although there are faults within the connections, I am proud of what we have achieved overall as the form is close to identical to our digital model. Combining our individual efforts of conceptualisation, grasshopper digitalisation, prototyping and final production, we were able to produce a project that summarises each of our concepts behind Paranest.

air part c submission 641119 chen

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