AimAim: What were the : What were the accomplishments made accomplishments made

under the under the administration of administration of

William Howard Taft?William Howard Taft?Do NowDo Now

Read pages 466-468.Read pages 466-468.Turn in your HW.Turn in your HW.

Look at the HW Board for your Look at the HW Board for your assignment.assignment.

William Howard TaftWilliam Howard Taft

The Republican Party &

President William H. Taft

Election CampaignPin For Taft-1908

Campaign Poster-1908

Election of 1908

Taft’s Rise To GloryTaft’s Rise To Glory

William Howard Taft was started in William Howard Taft was started in 1900 when he became governor of 1900 when he became governor of the Philippines.the Philippines.

Taft became a darling of Theodore Taft became a darling of Theodore Roosevelt, who, in 1908, decided like Roosevelt, who, in 1908, decided like George Washington to not seek a George Washington to not seek a third term.third term.

Taft would be the heaviest president Taft would be the heaviest president who had the White House bathtub who had the White House bathtub resized to fit his portly proportions.resized to fit his portly proportions.

Taft's White House Tub

5. 5. William Howard Taft as William Howard Taft as PresidentPresident

In 1908, Theodore Roosevelt supported In 1908, Theodore Roosevelt supported William Howard Taft, his Secretary of War, William Howard Taft, his Secretary of War, for the Presidency.for the Presidency.

Taft was chosen by the Republican Party Taft was chosen by the Republican Party and handily defeated the Democratic and handily defeated the Democratic nominee, William Jennings Bryan.nominee, William Jennings Bryan.

Both Taft and Bryan had run as Both Taft and Bryan had run as progressives giving the United States the progressives giving the United States the image that the Progressive Movement was image that the Progressive Movement was not done yet.not done yet.

5.1 5.1 The Republican SplitThe Republican Split

While Taft was serving his term, the While Taft was serving his term, the Republican Party split over the issue of Republican Party split over the issue of reform.reform.

Roosevelt and other Progressive had Roosevelt and other Progressive had hoped that Taft would continue reforming hoped that Taft would continue reforming the country, but Taft had other plans. Soon the country, but Taft had other plans. Soon the President and the US Congress were at the President and the US Congress were at odds with each other.odds with each other.

President Taft had called on Congress to President Taft had called on Congress to lower some tariffs, which the Congress lower some tariffs, which the Congress refused to do. Taft, then angered some refused to do. Taft, then angered some Progressives, when he came and spoke Progressives, when he came and spoke out against the high Payne-Aldrich Tariff.out against the high Payne-Aldrich Tariff.

Another matter caused problems between Theodore Another matter caused problems between Theodore Roosevelt and President William Howard Taft.Roosevelt and President William Howard Taft.

This was due to William Taft choosing Richard Ballinger to This was due to William Taft choosing Richard Ballinger to become Secretary of the Interior. Ballinger was not liked by become Secretary of the Interior. Ballinger was not liked by Theodore Roosevelt because he favored opening lands for Theodore Roosevelt because he favored opening lands for business development.business development.

Gifford Pinchot, the head of the United States Forestry Gifford Pinchot, the head of the United States Forestry Service, spoke out against the action of Taft, Taft fired him. Service, spoke out against the action of Taft, Taft fired him. This angered Theodore Roosevelt because it was Roosevelt This angered Theodore Roosevelt because it was Roosevelt who had hired him.who had hired him.

By 1910, the Republican Party had divided into two groups-By 1910, the Republican Party had divided into two groups-The Old Guard and the Insurgents. The Old Guard thought The Old Guard and the Insurgents. The Old Guard thought along conservative Republican policies while the Insurgents along conservative Republican policies while the Insurgents wanted reform.wanted reform.

Thinking that the Insurgents were out to destroy him, Taft Thinking that the Insurgents were out to destroy him, Taft went and sided with the Old Guard.went and sided with the Old Guard.

5.2 5.2 Taft and ProgressivismTaft and Progressivism

Under the administration of William Under the administration of William Howard Taft, progressivism did make Howard Taft, progressivism did make gains.gains.a) Taft, like Roosevelt, added more lands a) Taft, like Roosevelt, added more lands to be conserved for national parks.to be conserved for national parks.b) Taft, like Roosevelt, went out of his way b) Taft, like Roosevelt, went out of his way to break up 80 more trusts.to break up 80 more trusts.c) Under Taft, railroad regulation was c) Under Taft, railroad regulation was enforced. In 1910, Taft signed the Mann-enforced. In 1910, Taft signed the Mann-Elkins Act, which improved the Hepburn Elkins Act, which improved the Hepburn Act and increased the power of the Act and increased the power of the Interstate Commerce Commission.Interstate Commerce Commission.

Taft, like Roosevelt and the Progressives, also Taft, like Roosevelt and the Progressives, also enacted many social reforms:enacted many social reforms:a) a) 19121912: The Children’s Bureau was established : The Children’s Bureau was established to look into the health, education and working to look into the health, education and working conditions of children.conditions of children.

Taft also backed progressive political measures Taft also backed progressive political measures such as:such as:a) a) The 16The 16thth Amendment Amendment: This called for a : This called for a graduated (more you make, more the graduated (more you make, more the government takes) income tax.government takes) income tax.b) b) The 17The 17thth Amendment Amendment: This allowed for : This allowed for everyday Americans to directly elect their United everyday Americans to directly elect their United States Senators.States Senators.c) These amendments are ratified in 1913.c) These amendments are ratified in 1913.

5.3 5.3 The Election of 1912The Election of 1912 As the election drew closer, the Insurgents of the As the election drew closer, the Insurgents of the

Republican Party formed the National Progressive Republican Party formed the National Progressive Republican League.Republican League.

The Progressives nominated Robert LaFollette, but when The Progressives nominated Robert LaFollette, but when LaFollette was ill, Theodore Roosevelt stepped in to LaFollette was ill, Theodore Roosevelt stepped in to replace him.replace him.

At the Republican convention, the Old Guard stepped in At the Republican convention, the Old Guard stepped in and demanded that President William Howard Taft be and demanded that President William Howard Taft be nominated. The Insurgents formed the Progressive Party.nominated. The Insurgents formed the Progressive Party.

The Progressives chose Theodore Roosevelt when they met The Progressives chose Theodore Roosevelt when they met at their convention. Roosevelt declared himself to be a at their convention. Roosevelt declared himself to be a strong as a “bull moose” and the Progressives changed strong as a “bull moose” and the Progressives changed their name to the Bull Moose Party.their name to the Bull Moose Party.

The platform of the Bull Moose Party was called New The platform of the Bull Moose Party was called New Nationalism. This was the belief that the government Nationalism. This was the belief that the government should act directly to promote the public good. They also should act directly to promote the public good. They also believed that the government should regulate big business believed that the government should regulate big business and protect the interests of the working class.and protect the interests of the working class.

Because of the split in the Republican Party, the Because of the split in the Republican Party, the Democrats hoped for a victory. At their convention in Democrats hoped for a victory. At their convention in Baltimore, they nominated Woodrow Wilson, the Baltimore, they nominated Woodrow Wilson, the progressive governor of New Jersey.progressive governor of New Jersey.

Woodrow Wilson won the election of 1912 with 435 Woodrow Wilson won the election of 1912 with 435 electoral votes. Theodore Roosevelt came in second with electoral votes. Theodore Roosevelt came in second with 88 electoral votes and William Taft received 8 electoral 88 electoral votes and William Taft received 8 electoral votes.votes.

Slide Show on The ElectionSlide Show on The Election

For the next couple of slides, you are For the next couple of slides, you are going to view the Election of 1912 on going to view the Election of 1912 on Powerpoint.Powerpoint.

At the end of the presentation, there At the end of the presentation, there are a few questions for you to answer are a few questions for you to answer on the note sheet provided for you.on the note sheet provided for you.

You do not have to write the You do not have to write the questions, just the answers.questions, just the answers.

William Howard TaftWilliam Howard Taft

KeepKeepthetheWhistleWhistleBlowingBlowing

Taft was Taft was determined to determined to defeat TR and preserve the defeat TR and preserve the conservative heart of the conservative heart of the Republican Party.Republican Party.

Come, Mr. President. You Can’t Have

the Stage ALL of the Time!

Which part of the Republican Partyis being overshadowed by Taft’sStomach?

Republican Party Republican Party PlatformPlatform

Election of 1912Election of 1912High import tariffs.High import tariffs.

Put limitations on female and child labor.Put limitations on female and child labor.

Workman’s Compensation Laws.Workman’s Compensation Laws.

Against initiative, referendum, and recall.Against initiative, referendum, and recall.

Against “bad” trusts.Against “bad” trusts.

Creation of a Federal Trade Commission.Creation of a Federal Trade Commission.

Stay on the gold standard.Stay on the gold standard.

Conservation of natural resources because Conservation of natural resources because they are finite.they are finite.

The Republicans in 1912The Republicans in 1912

In this political cartoon, younotice that the elephant issplit into two.

Who in 1912, would have splitthe Republicans into two differentfactions (groups)?

What caused the split in the RepublicanParty?

The Progressive PartyThe Progressive Party

Theodore Roosevelt nominated by the Progressives-1912.

The Anti-Third Term The Anti-Third Term PrinciplePrinciple

Which historical figureis pointing his fingerat President Roosevelt?

What precedent was TheodoreRoosevelt was about to break?

Theodore RooseveltTheodore Roosevelt

From looking atthe cartoon, whichpolitical party wasmore affected by Theodore Roosevelt’sBull Moose Party?

We stand at Armageddon, We stand at Armageddon, and we battle for the Lord!and we battle for the Lord!

Bull Moose Political Pin1912

Ideas of the ProgressivesIdeas of the Progressives

Women’s suffrage.Women’s suffrage.

Graduated income tax.Graduated income tax.

Inheritance tax for the rich.Inheritance tax for the rich.

Lower tariffs.Lower tariffs.

Limits on campaign spending.Limits on campaign spending.

Currency reform.Currency reform.

Minimum wage laws.Minimum wage laws.

Social insurance.Social insurance.

Abolition of child labor.Abolition of child labor.

Workmen’s compensationWorkmen’s compensation

The Socialist PartyThe Socialist Party

The Socialists were led by Eugene Debs and were seen as an alternative to the Republicans, Democrats and theProgressives.

Socialist Party PlatformSocialist Party Platform

Government ownership of Government ownership of railroads and utilities.railroads and utilities.

Guaranteed income tax.Guaranteed income tax.

No tariffs.No tariffs.

8-hour work day.8-hour work day.

Better housing.Better housing.

Government inspection of Government inspection of factories.factories.

Women’s suffrageWomen’s suffrage

Quick QuestionQuick Question

The ideas of the Socialists are most The ideas of the Socialists are most similar to which other political party similar to which other political party found in the election?found in the election?

DemocratsDemocrats RepublicansRepublicans ProgressivesProgressives

The DemocratsThe Democrats

Woodrow Wilson was the Democratic Nominee.

Wilson was a progressive governor of New Jersey.

Wilson was also President of Princeton.

Wood row Wilson Campaign Buttons-1912

Democratic Party PlatformDemocratic Party Platform

n Government control of the monopolies Government control of the monopolies trusts in general were bad trusts in general were bad eliminate them!! eliminate them!!

n Tariff reduction.Tariff reduction.

n One-term President.One-term President.

n Direct election of Senators.Direct election of Senators.

n Create a Department of Labor.Create a Department of Labor.

n Strengthen the Sherman Anti-Trust Act.Strengthen the Sherman Anti-Trust Act.

n Did NOT support women’s suffrage.Did NOT support women’s suffrage.

n Opposed to a central bank.Opposed to a central bank.

Key IssuesKey Issues

One big issue wasgranting womenthe right to vote.

Taft Abandons the WomenTaft Abandons the Women

Roosevelt Pursues The Roosevelt Pursues The WomenWomen

Women Were Getting the Women Were Getting the VoteVote

When did women getthe right to vote in 1917?

The ResultsThe Results

Reason For Taft’s LossReason For Taft’s Loss

Which area of theUS voted in favorof Woodrow Wilson?

Why is that a shock?

Taft-Only President to have been appointed to US

Supreme Court