aim: what happened to western europe after the collapse of the western roman empire? unit essential...
TRANSCRIPT
Aim: What happened to Western Europe after the collapse of the
Western Roman Empire?
Do Now: What do you already know about the Middle Ages?
Unit Essential Question: How did feudalism, the manor economy, and the Church shape life in Western Europe as the region slowly developed a new medieval culture?
The Early Middle Ages c. 500-1000
After the collapse of Rome, Western Europe entered a period of social, political & economic decline.
Largely cut off from advanced civilizations in the Middle East, China & India.
Do you think that other civilizations used the same term for that period? Why or why not?
Medieval civilization = Latin words for “middle age”Dark Ages or not?
“Dark Ages”Period of intellectual darkness that occurred in Europe following the collapse of the Western Roman Empire
Dark Ages
http://www.history.com/topics/middle-ages/videos/dark-ages-barbarians-ii---the-saxons-camelot-begins
List evidence of the ‘dark ages’ from this clip.
II. Geography
EuropeLocation:
Relatively smallEurasia
II. GeographyResources:
‘Frontier Land’ – sparsely populated, undeveloped area on the outskirts of a civilizationEurope had potential!
Dense forestsRich earthMineral resourcesSeas = food/transportationRivers = trade
III. Rise of Germanic Kingdoms
Germanic Tribes = conquered Roman empire
Goths, Vandals, Saxons, Franks
III. Rise of Germanic Kingdoms
Clovis = King of the Franks, preserved Roman legacy, Christianity
Charles Martel = rallied Frankish warriors & pushed Muslims out of “France” @ Battle of Tours
Germanic Groups
http://www.history.com/topics/middle-ages/videos/who-were-the-vikings?m=528e394da93ae&s=undefined&f=1&free=false
What image do the barbarians paint of Germanic tribes?
http://www.history.com/topics/middle-ages/videos/charles-martel-repels-the-moors?m=528e394da93ae&s=undefined&f=1&free=false
What would have happened if Charles Martel was not successful at the Battle of Tours?
IV. Before & After Charlemagne
786 = King of the Franks
Briefly united Western Europe, built an empire across France, Italy and Germany
Revival of learning
814 – Died -> empire split in 3
New wave of invasions (Vikings, Magyars, Muslims)
People needed protection - feudalism
Charlemagne
http://www.history.com/topics/charlemagne/videos/the-reign-of-charlemagne
List the accomplishments of Charlemagne. Which do you think had the most lasting importance? Why?
Group WorkDirections: Look at your event and fill out graphic organizer.
Let’s Summarize!
Based on today’s lesson and your introduction to the Middle Ages, do you believe the Medieval Era was a period of darkness?
Aim: How did feudalism and the manor economy emerge and shape medieval life?
Do Now: Describe loyalty, and describe a situation in which it is important for someone to be loyal.
EXPERIENCING EUROPEAN FEUDALISM
FEUDALISM
• Feudalism = a loosely organized system of rule in which powerful local lords divided their landholdings among lesser lords.• Vassals – lesser lords
• Feudalism was born out of:• 1. necessity to protect against invasion
and• 2. landowners need for defense
• Society was very strictly organized with rulers and ruled knowing their place.• System provided military defense AND food.
HIERARCHY
• Oaths of Fealty (Allegiance) – feudal contract• Feudal contract –
exchange of pledges established by custom and tradition• Exchange of land for
loyalty and military services
• Chivalry – code of conduct for knights
FIEF = ESTATE
MEDIEVAL CASTLES
MEDIEVAL CASTLES
MANORIALISM: THE ECONOMIC BASE OF FEUDALISM
*Manors are SELF-SUFFICIENT
PEASANT LIFE
• SERFS = peasants bound to the land• *Not slaves
• Life is extremely harsh for peasants
Aim: How did the Church shape Medieval life?
Do Now: Can the church replace the role of the government? Has it ever tried? Was it successful?
CHRISTIANITY IN THE MIDDLE AGES
I. Ways of Expansion
Missionaries = People who try to convert others to a particular religion. Many sent by the Pope.
• Monks/Nuns: Religious men/women who lived apart from society in isolated communities.
• Monasteries & convents
St. Benedict: 530Set of rules to regulate monastic life
Three vows: obedience, poverty & chastity
II. Church Keeps Order
• Collected taxes from the people
• Took care of people and orphans
• Build churches and cathedrals
• Pope became very powerful, more powerful than kings.
III. Church Preserves Knowledge• Collapse of R.E. = books were
burned, libraries destroyed, scholars killed
• People forgot how to read and write, very little was written down. Science, philosophy, and literature disappeared.
• Clergy = only people who were educated and literate
• Monks preserved and copied down Greek and Roman books by hand.
IV. Church Supports Culture & Art• ALL art and culture was
sponsored and supported by the Catholic Church.
• Art & Architecture was a way of teaching Christian ideas to the illiterate.
• Church built cathedrals• Church became recreation
center at times.
V. Church Supports Education
• Church set up schools• Main purpose was to
train young people to become priests and other church officials.
TURN & TALKShould the Church have this much power and influence over daily life?
INDEPENDENT READING ACTIVITY QUIETLY!!!!! read AND annotate the Christianity in the Middle Ages handout. Then, complete graphic organizer.
EXIT:Based on today’s lesson and your introduction to the Middle Ages, do you believe the Medieval Era was a period of darkness? Is there a better title?
AIM: How did changes in agriculture and trade lead to the growth of towns and commerce? Do Now: Think back to the previous week and the unit we began on the Middle Ages. What information could you put in each portion of the chart to support the title for the Middle Ages?
The Dark Ages
Age of Feudalism
Age of Faith
Golden Age
The Canterbury Talesby Geoffrey Chaucer
The Canterbury Tales is the world's weirdest road trip!
It tells the story of a group of pilgrims (fancy word for travelers) on their way to
Canterbury, who engage in a tale-telling contest to pass the time.
What does the prologue of The Canterbury Tales tell us about the changes that happen in the middle of Medieval Times?
Changes in Europe = 1000-Set foundation for economic prosperity
Peasants adopted new farming technologies Agricultural Revolution
(Iron Plows) Led to:
Production & Population Growth Revival of Travel & Trade Commercial Revolution Rise of the Middle Class Improved Town & City Life
The Commercial Revolution
Vocabulary Charter – written document
set out the rights and privileges of the town
Capital – money for investment
Partnerships – groups of merchants joined together
Tenant farmers – paid rent for their land
Middle class – ranked between nobles and peasants
Guilds – merchants and artisans formed associations
Apprentice – trainee Journeymen – salaried
workers
Create a Medieval TownUse your phones and class resources to help you research the different elements of medieval towns and cities and create a new town that needs to get approved by the Lord of the realm. One member of each group, at random, will be asked to give a presentation for approval.
Exit:Based on today’s lesson and your introduction to the Middle Ages, do you believe the Medieval Era was a period of darkness? Is there a better title?