aim: what are the major roles of the circulatory system?
TRANSCRIPT
Aim: What are the major roles of the
circulatory system?
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Mastery Objectives
To describe how the digestive and circulatory systems interact
To identify and describe the role of the circulatory system and its structures in the maintenance of homeostasis
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How is the circulatory system connected to the
digestive system?The villi of the Small Intestine are lined with blood vessels to allow nutrients to be transported to the body cells!!
The Small IntestineThe Small IntestineThe Small IntestineThe Small Intestine
The Small Intestine
What words come to mind when you think of the Circulatory System?
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What is the life process of Transport?
The absorption and distribution of materials into and out of the cell.
How does materials cross the plasma membrane of a cell?
Diffusion!!!
What are the major functions of the
circulatory system?
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A. Delivery of Needed A. Delivery of Needed MaterialsMaterials
Examples:Examples: Oxygen, Hormones, Oxygen, Hormones, NutrientsNutrients
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B. Removal of Waste B. Removal of Waste ProductsProducts
Examples:Examples: Carbon Dioxide, Urea, Carbon Dioxide, Urea, Salts, WaterSalts, Water
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C. Fighting DiseaseC. Fighting Disease White Blood Cells White Blood Cells
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Heart
Blood Vessels
Blood
What are the three What are the three major structures of the major structures of the
Circulatory System?Circulatory System?
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The HeartThe Heart
hollow muscular organ with hollow muscular organ with fourfour chamberschambers
Pumps blood throughout the bodyPumps blood throughout the body
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Types of vessels
Arteries
Veins
Capillaries
Weird Scientific FactThe body of an adult contains over 60,000
miles of blood vessels.
Arteries-Carry blood AWAY from the heart.
-Walls are thick and elastic
-Very muscular (blood is under high pressure)
Veins
-RETURNS blood to the heart.
-Thin walled, stiff, and have LITTLE muscle (LOW pressure)
-Contain VALVES to prevent backflow of blood
CapillariesWhere arteries and veins connect.
The are microscopic (1 cell thick)
Materials are exchanged (diffused) through thin walls.
Capillaries
ARTERYCAPILLARIES
VEIN
BloodBlood
Contains RBCs, WBCs, Platelets, and Contains RBCs, WBCs, Platelets, and PlasmaPlasma
Transport substances to and from Transport substances to and from body cells/tissuesbody cells/tissues
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CirculationCirculationCirculationCirculation
Circulation
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Exit Slip/Summarizer
Match the characteristic or phrase to the correct circulatory system term/phrase that it describes
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Blood vesselsBlood vessels
Blood Blood vesselsvessels
How does the circulatory How does the circulatory system help maintain system help maintain
homeostasis?homeostasis?Transporting nutrients and oxygen TOWARD the body cells, while taking carbon dioxide and other wastes AWAY from body cells.
Structure Of The HeartStructure Of The Heart
Two AtriaTwo Atria: Upper, THIN walled : Upper, THIN walled chambers that receive blood.chambers that receive blood.
Two VentriclesTwo Ventricles: Lower, THICK : Lower, THICK walled chambers that force blood walled chambers that force blood into arteries.into arteries.
ValvesValves: Which prevent the backflow : Which prevent the backflow of bloodof blood
SeptumSeptum: separates right and left : separates right and left sides.sides.
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AORTAPULMONARY ARTERY
PULMONARY VEIN
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LEFT ATRIUMBICUSPID VALVE
LEFT VENTRICLE
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SEPTUM
INFERIOR VENA CAVA
RIGHT VENTRICLE
AORTA
2525
TRICUSPID VALVE
RIGHT ATRIUM
2525
PULMONARY VEIN
PULMONARY ARTERY
SUPERIOR VENA CAVA
Left Ventricle
Left Atrium
PulmonaryArtery
Aorta
RightVentricle
RightAtrium
PulmonaryVeins
Inferior Vena Cava
Superior Vena Cava
Septum
What are the three types What are the three types of circulation?of circulation?
•Pulmonary: between heart and lungs
•Systemic: between heart and body
•Coronary: between heart and heart cells
Pulmonary CirculationPulmonary Circulation DEOXYGENATEDDEOXYGENATED blood blood
leaves the heart from leaves the heart from the the Right ventricleRight ventricle into into the the Pulmonary ArteryPulmonary Artery and travels through to and travels through to the the lungslungs to get oxygen to get oxygen
OXYGENATEDOXYGENATED blood blood leaves lungs in the leaves lungs in the Pulmonary VeinsPulmonary Veins, , travels back to the travels back to the heart entering the heart entering the L. L. atriaatria..
LUNGS
LUNGS
Systemic CirculationSystemic Circulation
OXYGENATEDOXYGENATED blood is blood is pumped from the pumped from the Left Left VentricleVentricle through the through the AORTAAORTA to the rest of the to the rest of the body.body.
After oxygen is removed After oxygen is removed by body tissue, the by body tissue, the DEOXYGENATEDDEOXYGENATED blood blood flows through veins to flows through veins to either the either the Superior or Superior or Inferior Vena CavasInferior Vena Cavas to re- to re-enter the enter the Right atriaRight atria of of the heartthe heart
BODY
BODY
Coronary CirculationCoronary Circulation
•Responsible for delivering blood to the heart tissue so it can have the oxygen & nutrients to pump and carry out cellular respiration!!
Why is the septum Why is the septum important?important?
It separates It separates oxygen POOR oxygen POOR blood (right blood (right side of the side of the heart) from heart) from oxygen RICH oxygen RICH blood (left side blood (left side of the heart).of the heart). SEPTU
M
Path of Blood Flow (Pulmonary and Path of Blood Flow (Pulmonary and Systemic)Systemic)Inferior or Superior Vena Cava
Right Atrium
Right Ventricle
Left Ventricle
Left Atrium
Pulmonary Veins Lungs
Pulmonary Artery
Body
Aorta
Tricuspid Valve
Bicuspid Valve
Regulation of the Regulation of the Heartbeat:Heartbeat:
A specific region of the heart musclelocated in the RA sets the rate atwhich it contracts (pacemaker).
-Systole: Heart Muscle Contracting
-Diastole: Heart Muscle Relaxing
The pacemaker is controlled by both the nervous and endocrinesystems. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/hhw/hhw_pumping.html
The HeartThe HeartThe HeartThe Heart
The Heart
The HeartThe HeartThe HeartThe Heart
The Heart
Blood Three Functions:
Transport
Regulation
Protection
Parts Of Blood Plasma
Cellular Components
Cellular Components: Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes)
Description: Small donut shaped cells that contain hemoglobin and lack a nucleus
Description: Produced in bone marrow
Function: Transport Oxygen
Weird Science factWeird Science fact
5 million RBC’s can fit on the head of a pin, and over 5 trillion RBC’s
are present in your body at any given time.
Cellular Components:White Blood cells
Description: Large cells with a nucleus.
Description: Produced in bone marrow
Function: Defenders of the body.
Cellular Components:Platelets
-Description: Much smaller than RBC’s and WBC's
-Function: Plays a role in blood clotting
Plasma Description: Straw
colored, liquid portion of blood.
Description: comprises 55% total blood volume
Function: Transports Salts, proteins, glucose, amino acids, enzymes, hormones, and cellular wastes
What happens when we get a cut?
1 2 3
1. Break in the blood vessel wall.
2. Platelets collect in the open wound.
3.An enzyme reaction creates fibrin (thin strands) that create a network to collect RBC’s and clot the wound.
Blood clottingBlood clotting
Blood Blood clottingclotting
Parts of Blood:Parts of Blood:
The BloodThe BloodThe BloodThe Blood
The Blood
Normal Blood SmearNormal Blood Smear
CellCell ## RankRank
RBCRBC
WBCWBC
PlatelePlatelett
56 1
3 3
16 2
Patient 1Patient 1
Diagnosis:Diagnosis:CellCell ## RankRank
RBCRBC
WBCWBC
PlatelePlatelett
46 1
1 3
13 2
AIDS: acquired immunodeficiency virus
Patient 2Patient 2
Diagnosis:Diagnosis:CellCell ## RankRank
RBCRBC
WBCWBC
PlatelePlatelett
47 1
3 2
1 3
Thrombocytopenia
purpurea
Patient 3Patient 3
Diagnosis:Diagnosis:CellCell ## RankRank
RBCRBC
WBCWBC
PlatelePlatelett
109 1
2 3
26 2
Polycythemia
Patient 4Patient 4
Diagnosis:Diagnosis:CellCell ## RankRank
RBCRBC
WBCWBC
PlatelePlatelett
17 2
20 1
11 3
Leukemia
Patient 5Patient 5
Diagnosis:Diagnosis:CellCell ## RankRank
RBCRBC
WBCWBC
PlatelePlatelett
1414
47 1
4 3
2
Sickle-cell Anemia
Case History #6:Case History #6:
A 28 year old female complains of A 28 year old female complains of shortness of breath. She says that shortness of breath. She says that she is always tired and finds it hard she is always tired and finds it hard to complete day-to-day activities. to complete day-to-day activities.
What do you think her blood smear What do you think her blood smear would look like? – Include RBCs, would look like? – Include RBCs, WBCs, and platelets.WBCs, and platelets.