Aim: How does DNA direct the production of proteins in the cell?

Do now? State three ways DNA differs from RNA

1, The sugar is ribose instead of deoxyribose

2. Single stranded

3. Uracil replaces Thymine

Do now: How are these pictures alike?

What are three types of RNA and their functions in the cell?

Messenger RNA- copies a portion of unzipped DNA in the NUCLEUS

Ribosomal RNA- mRNA carries the message to the ribosome

Transfer RNA attaches the proper amino acids at the ribosome

In transcription, a portion of DNA unzips and mRNA composes a strand complementary to the DNA template.

Every three bases of mRNA is known as a CODON.

Next, mRNA exits the nucleus, moving to a ribosome in the cytoplasm

2. In translation , the anticodon of transfer rnaattaches the proper amino acid to make a specific protein.

This universal triplet or three base amino acid code consists of 20 amino acids that make up proteins.

During transcription, portions of code called introns are spliced out, and the remaining exons joined together to make specific proteins..

Your body needs more than 20 total amino acids to build and repair muscles and tissues. The nine essential amino acids are histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lycine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan and valine. Non-essential amino acids, made in your system, include alanine, asparagine, aspartic acid and glutamic acid. In addition, your body makes conditional amino acids -- however, if you are stressed or severely sick, you need to get them from your diet as well. Conditional amino acids include arginine, cysteine, glutamine, glycine, ornithine, proline, serine and tyrosine.

Some people are unable to metabolize certain amino acids, such as phenylalanine. Babies are tested to see if they are unable to metabolize it, and if they are not must they follow a strict diet all their life to avoid it.

Summary Questions:

What does RNA stand for?Where is it found?How is RNA different than DNA?Name the three types of RNAWhich enzyme unzips DNA so that it may be copied?How is DNA like a blueprint? Where does transcription occur?Which are removed from premRNA, introns or exons? Which remain?