aim: how can we calculate percent composition of a compound? do now: 1.take out a calculator and...
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Aim: How can we calculate percent composition of a compound?
Do Now: 1.Take out a calculator and reference tables.
2.What is the gram formula mass of C6H5(OH)3?
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How can we find the molecular formula of a compound given the empirical formula and
molecular mass?• Example: If the empirical formula is CH, and the
molecular mass is 26, what is the molecular formula?
• Three steps to solve: 1.Find the mass of the empirical formula. The mass
of CH =2.Divide the mass of the molecular formula by the
mass of the empirical formula. Example: 3.Multiply the empirical formula by the answer found
in step 2. Example:
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Some More Practice Problems• A compound has an empirical formula of CH2 and
molecular mass of 56. What is its molecular formula?
• The empirical formula is CH3 and the formula mass is 30. What is the molecular formula?
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What if we need to know the percent composition of a substance?
• The percent composition of a substance represents the composition as a percentage of each element compared with the total mass of the compound.
• The formula used can be found on reference table T.
• We can use this formula to find both the percent of individual elements in a formula or the percent of water in hydrated salt compounds (salts crystals that are attached to water).
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Some Practice ProblemsFind the percent compositions of all the elements in
the following compounds: 1.CuBr2
2.NaOH
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What if we are talking about a hydrated salt?
HINT: Treat the water as a unit. Example: What is the percentage, by mass, of water
in sodium carbonate crystals, Na2CO3• 10H2O?
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The Lab Problem• What is the percent, by mass, of water in the
hydrated salt CuSO4•5H2O?
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Activity/Homework
• Review Book page 48-49. Copy and answer questions 14-26.
• Review Book page 51-52. Copy and answer questions 37-44.
• A copy will be posted on wagnerhigh.net