ai & expert introduction

AI Logic & Application Solving Steps

Presented by

Mr. Ramesh KumarProfessor, CSE Deptt., B.I.T. ,Durg

CROSS AND KNOUGHT

PLAYER A

PLAYER B

CROSS AND KNOUGHT

= 4

= 5

V=VALUE

V=1

LEVEL 1

Sailor Problem

One sailor was once stranded on a island. The seaman had nothing very much to do, so they whiled away and found a pile of gems. He started collecting the gems in his bag, but bag was only suitable for 11 k.g. So he weighed the different gems i.e. Emerald , Ruby and Topaz of 3 k.g.,2 k.g. and 2 k.g. respectively. The market price for Emerald, Ruby and Topaz were Rs. 4000, 3000.and 1000 respectively. So what combination he had taken which had given him maximum money value.

SOLUTION

Max Z = 4X1+3X2+X3

Subject to constraint3 X1+2 X2+2 X3 <= 11

X1,X2,X3 => 0 and integer

X2=5.5

X=5X1=0.33

X2=4X1=1

X2=5X3=0.5

X26X25

X11X10

infeasible

1615.5

P0 =16.5

SOLUTION

Husband & Wife Problem

Three married couples are to cross a river in a boat which can hold only two person, one of whom must row the boat. Each of the three husband is a jealous man, who will not allow his wife to be left in the company of other man.Show how the jealous husband and their wife can a complies the trip river

Husband wife problem

Left bank

Right bankriver

boat

solution

LEFT BANK RIVER RIGHT BANKW1w2w3h1h2h3 w1w2 W1w2W3w2h1h2h3 W2 w1H1h2h3 W2w3 W2w3w1H1h2h3w3 W3 W2w1H3w3 H1h2 H1h2w1w2H1h3w3w1 H1w1 H2w2W3w1 H3h1 H2w2h3h1W1w2w3 W2 H1h2h3w1 W3w2 H2h3h1w3w2w1w2 W2 H2h3h1w30 w1w2 h1h2h3w1w2w3

SOLUTION

CAPTURE GAME

LEGAL MOVES- 1 PLACE HORIZOTAL VERTICAL DIOGANAL

CAPTURE GAME

SOME EXAMPLE

Distance = 4

Distance = 5

Distance = 3

Distance = 3

Initial State

Goal State

2 8 3

1 6 4

7 5

1 2 3

8 4

7 6 5

Tiles Puzzle

SOLUTION

Tiles PuzzleInitial

State

Goal State

R B R

B R B

R B R

R R R

R R B

B B B

ASSIGNMENT

FORMER FOX GOOSE AND GRAIN PROBLEM

Consider the farmer-fox-goose-grain puzzle. In this puzzle, a farmer wishes to cross a river taking his fox, goose and grain with him. He can use a boat, which will accommodate only the farmer and one possession. If the fox is left alone with eat grain. Give the solution for it.

SOLUTION

PLAYERS POSITION

SNICKER

PLAYER A

PLAYER B

SNICKER GAME

PLAYERS POSITION AFTER SOME MOVE

PLAYER A

PLAYER B

KOIENBERG’S PROBLEM

SOLUTION

The Missionaries and Cannibals Problem

Three missionaries and three cannibals find themselves on one side of a river. They have agreed that they would all like to get to the other side. But the missionaries are not sure what else the cannibals have agreed to. So the missionaries want to manage the trip across the river in such a way that the number of missionaries on either side of the river is never less than the number of cannibals who are on the same side. The only boat available holds only two people at a time. How can every one get across the river without the missionaries risking being eaten?

MISSIONARIES & CANNIBALS

Left bank

Right bank

river

boat

CC CC C CMC MCMM MM M M

LEGAL MOVES

CC BMMMC

CCCB MMM

C BCC MMM

CCB CMMM

BCCCMMM

C

CC

C

CC

X

SOLUTIONMMMCCCB

MMMC BCC

MMM CC B C

MMM BCCC

MMMCB CC

MC BMMCC

MMCCB MC

CC

C

CC

C

MM

MC

MMX

Cryptarithmatic

Initial state

M=1S=8 or 9O=0 or 1-O=0N=E or E+1-N =E+1C2=1N+R>8E<>9

N=3R=8OR 92+D = Y OR 2+D =10+Y

2=D=YN+R=10 +ER=9S=8

2+D= 10+YD=8+YD=8OR 9

Y=0 Y=1

CONFLICT CONFLICT

D=8 D=9

C1=1C1=0

E=2

SEND

MORE

MONEY

9567

1085

10652

BEST

MADE

MASER

CROSS

ROADS

DANGER

9567

1085

10652

96233

62513

158746

ASSIGNMENT

Coin Problem

You are given twelve apparently identical coin one of which is counterfeit, weighing less than the eleven others which are all of the same weight. Given only an equal arm balance, determine the counterfeit coin in no more than three weighing.

D:E G:H J:K

ROOT

A-F : G-L

A B C D E F G H I J K L

G-I:J-LA-C:D-F

A:B

EIGHT QUEEN PROBLEM

PEG JUMPPING PROBLEM

WATER JUG PROBLEM

Three highwaymen robbed a gentleman of Ujjain of a bottle containing 24 cc of a precious, hitherto unpatented, aviation lubricant, While fleeing, they met a glass blower, from whom they purchased three vessels, On reaching a secluded place, they wished to divide their booty, but found that their vessels could hold 13, 11 and 5 cc respectively . How could they divide their loot into equal portions.

24 13 11 524 0 0 00 13 11 00 13 6 50 8 11 58 0 11 58 13 3 0

8 8 3 58 8 8 0

Solution

B B B W W W E

B=BLUEW=WHITEE=EMPTY

LEGAL MOVESAny block can move adjacent empty place or can jump one block only

B B B W W W E

Initial State

Goal State

BLOCK PROBLEM

LOGIC COUNT 0 FOR RIGHT PLACE

COUNT 1 FOR WRONG PLACE OF BLOCK

Chess game

CONSTRAINT SATISFACTION

CONSTRAINT SATISFACTION

A R H S I M A HS A R O J I N I R K

B H T S O UY S S M A R M

A E I N B S K D A HM D M H A O R A SR N P S G R W N EH A I O H A I DS P H E R N PM P G L G

Conclusion

Initial stateState spacePath or ChainSearching or InferencingGoal state

Solution steps for Application

CASE

STUDY

HOME DOCTOR

EXPERT SYSTEM CHILDHOOD DISEASES

DISEASES SYMPTOM

DECISION TABLE

LOVE

John Marry

ROMANTIC PLATONIC FAMILIAL

UNREQUITEDLOVE AFFAIRS

NO MARRIAGE MARRIAGE

DIVORCE COUPLE

KIDS NO KIDS

Love

Familial Love Platonic Love

Romantic Love

Unrequited Love Affair

Marriage

Husband:

Kids:

House:

Happy Marriage Unhappy Marriage

Speaker contribution

Case - 1

Virtual voting machine

CLICK YOUR STATE

CLICK YOUR DISTRICT

CLICK YOUR CONSTITUTIONAL AREA

VOTER LIST

Sr. No.

Name Fathers’ Name

Age Sex Address

01. aaa zbbb 45 M asdfr

02 ccc ddd 34 f qweds

03 eee fff 45 f asder

04 ggg hhh 23 m qscfr

05 iii jjj 31 m fght

ENTER PASSWORD

XXXXXXX

CAST YOUR VOTE

Final view

Sr. No.

Name Fathers’ Name

Age Sex Address

01. Salman Arbaz 45 M Faridnagar

ENTER PASSWORD

XXXXXXX

Intelligent Security system

Case - 2

Person Preliminary area

Main area Premises

Manual checkup

INTELLIGENT SECURITY SYSTEM

Finger Print Scanner

Weight Sensor

Face Recognition, Retina Recognition, Height Measurement,

Shoe ID

Metal Detector

Step Distance No. of Steps

MAIN AREA PRELIMILARY AREA

DIAGRAMATIC VIEW

Door for manual check

LogicIf finger recognition AND face recognition AND retina recognition OR height OR weight OR body smell OR shoe sole id OR Magnetic id OR Metal detector OR behavior OR Number of steps OR Avg. distance between steps THEN person n ELSE intruder

LOGIC

Property Person 1 Person2 Person n

Observed Stored in Database



Weight 50 kg

Height 5ft 7”

Finger Scan 12345

Retina scan 5647

Face recognition

2346

Body smell 5678

Shoe sole 9876

Magnetic Id 1267

Metal Detector

9087

Behavior 3456

Number of steps

5

Distance between steps

1 ft

TABLE

Intelligent Interactive Communication

Man with Machine

HUMAN BEHAVIOUR

TYPES OF SENSOR

• For Heart Beat

• For Blood Pressure

• For ECG

• For Skin Temperature

• For Key Strokes

• For Audio & Video

Types of instrument

•ECG

•Stethoscope

•Galvactivator

•Web Camera

Steps of operation

Step 1 Sensors measure the physiological behavior of userStep2 These signals which is in analog nature, requires conversion in digital form by using A/D converterStep3 Converted signals now be given to source computerStep4 This signal now be sent parallel with message to destination computer with processing Step5 At destination end user will get two information. First the message and second the physiological signal as message Step 6 The physiological signal can be interpreted as normal or abnormal according to scaleStep7 Same process at destination end also

INTERFACING OF VARIOUS SESNSOR

Connection to Heart

Connection to Wrist

Connection to Ankle

CAPTURING OF INTERNAL BEHAVIOUR – EXTERNALLY

Sensor/ Transducer

WORKING

A /D Converter

Captured Signals of Human Body

A /D Converter

Captured Signals of Human Body

COMMUNICATION

INTELEGENT COMMUNICATION- NORMAL

Females are intelligent because their name ends with letter A,I

INTELEGENT COMMUNICATION- ABNORMAL


VIEW OF COMMUNICATION


Senders Reflection at destination System

Confused surprised

humorous

puzzledmaterialistic

ADVANTAGES

Reliable communication in real sense

Can be distinguished as chat, real or entertainment

Interactive with emotion or sentiments

True message

One can depend on message

No blackmailing

He/she may be a sociopath, a psychopath, or simply a good liar

Disadvantages•Not reliable very much in professional liar

•Every were not possible

•Restriction makes person extra precautionary

•Cost

•No scientific process of evaluation.

•Scaling is difficult

•Psychological effect of fear ness

•Legal reason

References

Multimedia An introduction - John Villamil- Casanova

Prentice hall/Macmillan computer publishing reprint Multi media computing, communication &

applications-Ralf Steinmetz & Klara Nahrstedt Innovative technology series IP Telephony –Bill Douskalis Pearson Education Asia publication WWW.doc.ic.ac.uk..

Special Thank to Sanjeev Shrivastava

Thanks for Patience

Thanks , for your patience

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