ai, behind the scenes

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AI, behind the scenes Gwennael Gate www.angus.ai https://www.linkedin.com/in/gwennaelgate [email protected] @gwennoyel

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Page 1: AI, behind the scenes

AI, behind the scenes

Gwennael Gate

www.angus.ai

https://www.linkedin.com/in/[email protected]@gwennoyel

Page 2: AI, behind the scenes

AI

Future

Present

4 points &

20 minutes

1. How it works ? 2. Machine learning / deep learning ? 3. When do I get a robot that grabs me beer ? 4. What are the AI opportunities today ?

Page 3: AI, behind the scenes

#1How it works ?

Page 4: AI, behind the scenes

algorithm

outputinput

This is AI building block

Page 5: AI, behind the scenes

algorithm

outputinput

PerceptionExample 1

Page 6: AI, behind the scenes

algorithm

outputinput Say: « Do you want to mary me? »

DecisionExample 2

Page 7: AI, behind the scenes

algorithm

outputinputSay: « Do you want to mary me? »

ActionExample 3

Page 8: AI, behind the scenes

A « would you mary me » robot !

All together:

Page 9: AI, behind the scenes

Perception

Decision

Action

Most AI systems look like this today

Page 10: AI, behind the scenes

Watson (IBM), 2011Deep Blue (IBM), 1997 BigDog (B. Dynamics), 2008

Google Car, 2012 AlphaGo (Google), 2016Pepper (Aldebaran), 2014

Page 11: AI, behind the scenes

Perception

Decision

Action

a set of AI algorithms plugged together by humans

to mimic some human capabilities

AI

Page 12: AI, behind the scenes

#2Where is Machine (Deep) Learning ?

Page 13: AI, behind the scenes

Perception

Decision

Action

AILet’s zoom in…

Page 14: AI, behind the scenes

algorithm

outputinput

Let’s take again that « woman detector » example…

Page 15: AI, behind the scenes

algorithm

A model

An engineer will first pick a « mathematical model » for this algorithm…

Page 16: AI, behind the scenes

That will look like this…

Page 17: AI, behind the scenes

algorithm

A model +

Parameters

He’ll close the box and expose a few parameters

* thanks Yann Lecun for the « mixing table » metaphor 

Page 18: AI, behind the scenes

algorithm

A model +

Parameters

At first nothing will work…

Page 19: AI, behind the scenes

algorithm

A model +

Parameters

The old good wayfine tuning by an expert

These parameters can be tuned in 2 ways

Page 20: AI, behind the scenes

algorithm

A model +

Parameters

fine tuning by an expert

Machine Learning

a (supervised) training algorithm +

training database

orThe old good way

These parameters can be tuned in 2 ways

Page 21: AI, behind the scenes

Deep Learning ?

just a specific way of doing machine learning…

Page 22: AI, behind the scenes

Deep Learning ?

model = neural network

The « mathematical model » is a (deep) neural net

Page 23: AI, behind the scenes

Deep Learning ?

106 parameters

a (supervised) training algorithm +

huge training databaseAnd there are a lot of parameters to tune

Page 24: AI, behind the scenes

AImachine learning based

tuned by experts

1. only a few algos are trainable 2. trainings are always « supervised » 3. today’s AI are « under control » by design

Page 25: AI, behind the scenes

Mashable - Robot escapes lab and makes a break for freedom in Russia (June 2016)

That is probably not because of some revolutionary AI!

Page 26: AI, behind the scenes

#3When do i get a robot that…

Page 27: AI, behind the scenes

When do I get a robot …

I can make love with?

who handles household duties?

who can grab me a beer?

Page 28: AI, behind the scenes

robots

robots

NO robots

why ?

Page 29: AI, behind the scenes
Page 30: AI, behind the scenes

Perceive

Decide

Act

Page 31: AI, behind the scenes

Perceive

Decide

Act

Difficult

Page 32: AI, behind the scenes

Perceive

Decide

ActDifficult

Page 33: AI, behind the scenes

This is a nightmare

Page 34: AI, behind the scenes

is a nightmareVariability

Uncertainty }}Our World

Page 35: AI, behind the scenes

Perception

Decision

Action

Real World Complexity

Smart machines can hardly see today

Page 36: AI, behind the scenes

much more incertain than variable }}

Page 37: AI, behind the scenes

Perception

Decision

Action

AlphaGo (Google), 2016

The Unimate in GM factory - 1961

Asimo, Honda (2008)

Page 38: AI, behind the scenes

Perception

Decision

Action

Pepper (Aldebaran), 2014

Google Car, 2012

Amazon Echo (2015)

mapped streets or

standing humans or

human speech or

Page 39: AI, behind the scenes

Perception

Decision

Action

Real World Complexity

standing humans or

mapped streets or

human speech or

etc…Today’s AI are highly task specific

Page 40: AI, behind the scenes

Watson (IBM), 2011Deep Blue (IBM), 1997 BigDog (B. Dynamics), 2008

Google Car, 2012 AlphaGo (Google), 2016Pepper (Aldebaran), 2014

Today’s AI are highly task specific

Page 41: AI, behind the scenes

#4Task specific AI : today’s opportunities

Page 42: AI, behind the scenes

Perception

Decision

Action

AI automates existing jobsor is doing what no-one was doing before

Page 43: AI, behind the scenes

Perception

Decision

Action

An AI in a human resources team

Incoming C.V.

interesting C.V. people to set for an interview

email invitation

validation by humans

Page 44: AI, behind the scenes

Perception

Decision

Action

An AI in a marketing team

e-shops comments

bad products corrective actions

Page 45: AI, behind the scenes

A task that is specific enough +

a large input/output database =

AI can probably help !

Action

Perception

DecisionTo sum everything up…

Page 46: AI, behind the scenes

www.angus.ai

Perception API (multimodal / hybrid / trainable)

Page 47: AI, behind the scenes

the world

nb_people = 2 identity = « Julie » ; « Albert » gender = female ; male age = 28 ; 34 emotion = both smiling talking? = Albert is looking? = at me!

structured data about human activity

What we do : perception algorithms

Page 48: AI, behind the scenes

the world structured data

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LL-LwT-q6cQ&feature=youtu.be

An example

Page 49: AI, behind the scenes

Robot / IOT / AIGwennael Gate

Thanks !

Gwennael Gate

www.angus.ai

https://www.linkedin.com/in/[email protected]@gwennoyel