ahmed abdalghani pump presentation

7/25/2019 Ahmed AbdAlGhani Pump Presentation

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PUMPING & HYDRONICBALANCING

AHMED ABD EL GHANI


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Contents of This Lecture

Pump Curve

Net Positive Suction Head

System Curve

Pressure Gradient Diagrams

Pumping Arrangement

Parallel Series

Why alancing alancing !alves

Static alancing

Dynamic alancing

"lo# Con$guration Direct %eturn

%everse %eturn

Pumping Con$guration

Primary Secondary

!aria&le Primary Primary Distri&uted Secondary


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WHAT 'S TH( D'""(%(NC(?

Same "lo# %ate Same Pipe Si)e


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WHAT 'S TH( D'""(%(NC(?


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Head Capacity Curve


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"lat !ersus Steep PumpCurve


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Pump Head*Capacity Curve


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Pumping (nergy

Water horsepower The energy re+uired &y a pump, as indicated &y the a-nity

la#s, depends on its speed and the diameter of its impeller.

Where / 0 1o#, in gal2min.h 0 head, in ft

s 0 speci$c gravity

Pump brae horsepower

The energy re+uired to operate a pump is determined in&ra3e horsepo#er &hp4 the di5erence &et#een #aterhorsepo#er and pump &ra3e horsepo#er is the energy lostin the pump.


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Pumping (nergy

Where 0 pump e-ciency as a decimal

Pump Motor Power !" #!$owatts

The electrical energy, pump 3ilo#atts, for a motor*driven pump must ta3e in consideration the e-ciencyof the motor on constant*speed pumps and the #ire*to*

shaft e-ciency of the motor and varia&le* speed driveon varia&le*speed pumps.

Where is the e-ciency of the electric motor or themotor and varia&le*speed drive as a decimal


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Total HP %e+uirementCurve


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Pump Curves at GivenSpeed


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'mpeller Pressures Causing %adial Thrust


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%adial Thrust !ersusPumping %ate


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Pump (-ciency


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Pump Head*Capacity Curve


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Pumping Po#er 'ncrease 7 Pump "lo#


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Pump Curve Sho#ingNPSH%


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NPSHA in Proposed'nstallation


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NPSH %e+uired


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!apor Pressure 7 Speci$c Weight forWater, 89 to 9:9o"

!apor pressure is the a&solute pressure,psia, at #hich #ater #ill change fromli+uid to steam at a speci$c

temperature. "or each temperature of#ater, there is an a&solute pressure at#hich #ater #ill change from a li+uid toa gas


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Water !apor Pressure


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H!AC Pumps 7 Performance


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H!AC Pump Performance


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H!AC Pump Performance


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System Curve Plot

i


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(+uations "rom PumpA-nity La#s


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System Curve


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System Curve


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System Curve 7 Pump head*Capacity Curve


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System Curve 7 Pump Head*CapacityCurve


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Parallel 7 Series Pump Application

P ll l P Pi i


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Parallel Pumps PipingSchematic

P ll l P S t


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Parallel Pump System;peration


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Single Pump ;peration*Paralleled'nstallation


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uilt*up Pump Curves


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Pump Curve (nd Point

P ll l d P ( d


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Paralleled Pumps < (ndPoint Curve


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Pump Curve (nd Point


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Paralleled => Pump Curve


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System Curve


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Single Pump ;peration

Typical uilt up Pump


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Typical uilt*up PumpCurves


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Paralleled Pump Curve


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Series Pumps? Piping


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Series Pumps PipingSchematic

asic Series Pump


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asic Series Pump;peration

Seriesed Pump Curve


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Seriesed Pump CurveConstruction

Seriesed Pump System


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Seriesed Pump < System;peration


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Single Pump ;peration*Seriesed 'nstallation


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Design %e+uirement


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Seriesed Pump Curve


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Design %e+uirement


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Seriesed Pump Curve


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Com&ination Parallel 7 Series Pump Curves


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System ;perational Time

Pump Curve@ Po#er %eduction !ersus


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Pump Curve@ Po#er %eduction !ersusPump Speed

Load Pro$le 7 WH Bsage Calculation for C2S


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Load Pro$le 7 WH Bsage Calculation for C2S(ample

Potential HP Saving as A5ected &y


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Potential HP Saving as A5ected &yaintaining a Constant Head

Ad ; Si l C2S L


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Advantage ;ver Single C2S at Lo#"lo#

est pp cat on rea or ara e +ua ySi)ed C2S


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Si)ed C2SPumps in Comparison #ith !2S ;ccurs WhenSystem !aria&le Head Loss in Lo#

!aria&le "re+uency Drive Control


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!aria&le "re+uency Drive Control(-ciency

!aria&le "re+uency Drive Control


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!aria&le "re+uency Drive Control(-ciency

!aria&le Speed ;perational Points


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!aria&le Speed ;perational PointsA, , (, etc

ustrat on o ontro urve


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Change*overPoint for Parallel C2S Pump

!2S Pump in Parallel #ith


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!2S Pump in Parallel #ithC2S

;peration of Paralleled !2S pump at Lo#


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;peration of Paralleled !2S pump at Lo#"lo#, Bp to Change*over Point

Small Lo#er HD Pump*>Humps> is "lo#*


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Small Lo#er HD Pump* Humps is "lo#*Head Curve onto Larger Pump

High "lo# Need4 !2S Pump =Humps>


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High "lo# Need4 !2S Pump Humpsonto C2S Pump Curve

Capacity


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Capacity(ceeds Curve (nd at ;ver EF

Speed

(nergy Wasting Solution to ParallelP


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Pump=(nd of Curve> Pro&lem4

'ncrease aintained Constant HeadDi5erence

est Solution to Parallel pump =(nd


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est Solution to Parallel pump (ndof Curve>

Parallel Pump Application of


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Parallel Pump Application of!aria&le !olume (ample

odel uilding for System Head Area


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odel uilding for System Head Area(valuation

odel uilding for

system head areaevaluation

Bniform system headcurve for model&uilding of A

d l ildi L di


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odel uilding Loading

a. Bniformly loaded&uilding F load on each

&. Non*uniformlyloaded &uilding, AHBs

close to pumping



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c. Non*uniformly loaded &uilding, AHBs far

from pumping source fully loaded

Con$guring an H!AC Water System


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Con$guring an H!AC Water SystemSystem Head area

C T Chill d H t W t S t


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Campus Type Chilled or Hot Water System

a. Load los variation incentral plant

&. System head area caused&y non*uniform 1o# in&uilding => 7 other

Point of Selection


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Point of Selection

The &asic rule that has &een o5ered in theindustry is to select the pump as closelyas possi&le to its &est e-ciency point.

Points of Pump Selection 7 ;peration


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Selecting Constant Speed Pumps


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Selecting Constant*Speed Pumps

Constant*speed pumps should operate at no greater1o# range than I9J percent of the 1o# at the &este-ciency point.

Normally, pumps for constant*speed operation #ould

&e selected Kust to the left of the of the &este-ciency point.

A dangerous point to operate a pump is at :FFF gal 2min and :8F ft of head, as sho#n in "ig. :F.:a. Thisis an unaccepta&le selection &ecause of the poore-ciency and the high radial thrust eisting at thispoint. Additional #ear may occur due to hydraulicim&alance #ithin the pump.

Sometimes H!AC #ater systems are designed #ith

more estimated pump head than actually eists in

Selecting Constant Speed Pumps


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'n an attempt to avoid poor pumpoperation, and recogni)ing theina&ility to compute system head

accurately, the usual practice #ithconstant*speed pumps has &een toadd a pump head conservation

factor and then pic3 the pump to theleft of the &est e-ciency point toensure that the pump #ill operate#ithout damage at the higher 1o#s

Selecting Constant*Speed Pumps

Steep !ersus "lat Head Capacity Curves


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Steep !ersus "lat Head*Capacity Curves

With the advent of varia&le*volume #ater systems utili)ingvaria&le*speed pumps and system di5erential pressurecontrols, there is very little need to &e concerned a&outthe shape of the pump curve.

"lat*curved pumps are desired.

Pumps #ith 1at*curved head*capacity characteristicsshould &e sought for varia&le*speed pumping applications,provided there is no loss in pump e-ciency.

's less speed reduction #ith a 1at*curved pump than #ith asteep*curved pump.

Less speed reduction, the #ire*to*shaft e-ciency of thevaria&le speed drive and motor is greater &ecause thespeed reduction is less.

T#o*Pipe Source*Load


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pConcept

Airside 7 Waterside "lo# 7 Temperature


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pConditions

Control Se+uence


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Control Se+uence

The si component elements of the control loop interact#ith each other

T#o*Way Control Calve ody


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Single 7 Dou&le Seat

Terminal Control #ith Thermostat 7 Three*


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Way iing !alve

Terminal Control #ith Thermostat 7 To#*


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Way !alve

Three*Way Control !alves


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iing 7 Diverting Types

Three*#ay !alve 'nstallation Controlling


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System Water Temperature

Three*Way valve installation controlling


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unit 1o# rate

T#o*Pipe Systems, Direct %eturn, Bn&alanced &MP Di t i& ti Di


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Pressure Distri&ution Diagram

T#o*Pipe Systems, %everse %eturn aM "lo#


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Diagram Pressure Distri&ution Diagram

Coil ;utput !ersus Temperature "lo#


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Change

Water Coil (mission


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Water Coil (mission

(5ects of "lo# !ariation on Heat Transfer "or' d D i T D


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'ncreased Design Temperature Drops

(5ects of "lo# !ariation on Heat Transfer "or9FD i T D


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9FDesign Temperature Drop

Chilled Water Coil (mission


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Chilled Water Coil (mission

Control !alve "lo# Characteristics


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(+ual percentage !alve and Coil (mission


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(+ual percentage !alve and Coil (mission

Non*Linearity of The Terminal Bnit Characteristic isCompensated &y Adoption of an 'nverse Non*Linear


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p y pCharacteristic "or The Control !alve

Distortion of (+ual PercentageCh t i ti


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Characteristic

Direct and %everse %eturn System


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a. Direct %eturnPiping

&. %everse %eturn

Piping



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C. Pressure Gradient fora direct %eturn System

d. Pressure Gradient fora direct %eturn System

Pressuri)ation of Closed Hydronic System


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y y

Primary circuit pressuri)ed at PumpSuction aM "lo# Diagram &M


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Suc o aM o ag a &MPressure Distri&ution Diagram

!aria&le*volume*"lo# System, Control of%everse %eturn aM "lo# Diagram &M Pressure


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gDistri&ution Diagram

* ,of alancing aM "lo# Diagram &M PressureDistri&ution Diagram eM %esistance Splitting at


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Distri&ution Diagram eM %esistance Splitting atPartial "lo#

to The Control !alve on 'ts


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Degree of ;pening

Applied Control !alve; ti


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;peration

Correct !alve Shut*;5Pressure %ating


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Pressure %ating

Distri&ution SystemDi


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Diagram

Pressure Gradient Diagram for aDistri&ution System at "ull Load


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Distri&ution System at "ull Load

Direct %eturn Pressure Gradient at PartLoad ;perating


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Load ;perating

Note@ Pump is not %iding the Curve

Ne# Pressure Gradient 7 Pump %iding


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Ne# pressure gradient#ithpump riding the curve

ahmed abdalghani pump presentation

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