agrobo-16 executive summary - omdia | tractica€¦ · the demand for agricultural robots is driven...

MANOJ SAHI Research Analyst

FRANK TOBE

Editor/Publisher The Robot Report

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Agricultural Robots Driverless Tractors, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, Material Management, Field Crops and Forest Management, Soil Management, Dairy Management, and Animal Management for Precision Agriculture Published 4Q 2016

RESEARCH REPORT

NOTE: This document is a free excerpt of a larger research report. If you are interested in purchasing the full report, please contact Tractica at [email protected].

Agricultural Robots

© 2016 Tractica LLC, All Rights Reserved. This publication may be used only as expressly permitted by license from Tractica LLC, and may not otherwise by accessed or used, without the express written permission of Tractica LLC.

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SECTION 1

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1.1 INTRODUCTION

Agriculture is the foundation of civilization; it not only provides food, feed, and fuel necessary for our survival, but it also contributes significantly to the growth and stability of our economy. With the global population expected to reach 8.1 billion by 2025, and crossing 9.6 billion by 2050, agricultural production has to dramatically increase to an extent of doubling itself by 2050 with the limited arable land, depleting natural resources, labor shortages, and increasing costs of food production. Robotic and digital technologies have the potential to change the equation of food demand and supply, and at the same time, release the human workforce from dangerous farm jobs and improve the crop quality, while providing hope for economic sustainability of smaller farming operations. It is no wonder why, in recent years, there has been an increase in the number of large, mid-sized, and startup companies that understand the global crisis, as well as the opportunity.

Today, as the world is going through heavy digitization, nothing is left behind. Digitized farms with improved precision agriculture methods are empowering the decision support system (DSS) for the growers for optimizing returns on inputs while preserving resources. Digitally-controlled farm implements are already in use in developed countries and most of the farmers and ranchers in the west are becoming high-tech, to some extent. Farmers are gradually transitioning from satellite and small plane photos to those provided by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) (drones) with sophisticated sensors for data analysis to guide and plan their field operations. Almost every new advanced tractor is coming with optional auto-steer kits that can equip the tractors with real-time kinematic (RTK)/global positioning system (GPS) and digital guidance. Certainly, the industrialized agricultural zones of the world are showing deep interest in the development and deployment of driverless tractors, aerial surveying of farmlands, data collection, field management, and cow milking systems. Moreover, the demand for the robots involved in various agricultural processes like harvesting, pruning, weeding, pick-and-place, sorting, seeding, spraying, and materials handling has increased significantly. In addition, the grass roots innovations in farm automation for backyard, hobby, and experienced agriculturists are becoming more noticeable than ever before and are being re-engineered for commercialization to fit the sustainable business model.

Along with agricultural robots, the digitization of agriculture is transforming and, in some cases, disrupting the current agriculture market ecosystem. Tractica and its research partner, The Robot Report, expect that the market for agricultural robots would develop and diversify rapidly in the next 5 years, while providing significant opportunities to various market participants. We anticipate that the overall agricultural robot market will reach a value of $3.8 billion by the end of 2016 and maintain a healthy growth rate to reach $16.3 billion by the end of 2020. Attributing to an increase in the acceptance of robotic solutions and a decrease in their costs, the market would gain further momentum to reach $74 billion by 2024. Along with providing the 10-year market sizing and forecasts for agricultural robot shipments and revenue during the 2015 to 2024 timeframe, which are segmented by world region and application type, this report discusses in depth the global market trends, drivers, market challenges, and technological issues that would greatly influence the market development of agricultural robots. The report presents a highly detailed picture of market participants by profiling over 160 key, emerging, and other significant industry players, along with more than

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15 participating research labs across the globe.

1.2 AGRICULTURAL ROBOT MARKET SEGMENTATION

In this report, the agricultural robotics market is segmented into seven key application areas:

• Driverless tractors are mainly for large-sized farms and consist of self-driving kits, supervised, and fully autonomous tractors for operations such as seeding, planting, etc.

• UAVs are mainly for large- to medium-sized farms and consist of fixed-wing and multirotor systems for data analytic services, crop dusting, etc.

• Material management is used for all sizes of farms and consists of industrial robots, pick and place systems, mobile robotic platforms, and automated systems for handling, sorting, grading, etc.

• Field crops and forest management are particularly used for medium- to small-sized farms and horticulture, and consist of mobile field robots, multi-axis systems, modular systems for spraying, seeding, harvesting, etc.

• Soil management is used for medium- to small-sized farms and horticulture, and consists of mobile field robots, soil monitoring systems for weeding, managing soil nutrients, etc.

• Dairy management is used for large- to medium-sized barns and consists of milking robots, dairy data analytics system for milking, managing herds, etc.

• Animal management is used for all sizes of farms and aquaculture, and consists of feeding robots and systems for feeding, grooming, breeding, caring, etc.

Figure 1.1 Agricultural Robot Segmentation

(Source: Tractica)

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1.3 MARKET DYNAMICS

The demand for agricultural robots is driven by global population growth, increasing strain on the food supply, declining availability of farm workers, the challenges and complexities of farm labor, the cost of farm workers, changing farmlands, climate change, the growth of indoor farming, and the automation of the agriculture industry. While there are a number of drivers for agricultural robotics, barriers and challenges still exist in the market, as well as in technology that could restrict its growth. The market challenges involve unclear value propositions, limited awareness of robotic systems among growers, insufficient robotic solutions, the difficulty of matching human-like dexterity with machines, fragmented technology development, weak administrative support, and infrastructure issues. The technological issues mostly pertain to the heterogeneity of the operating environments for robots, problems in precise identification and classification of targets and obstacles, outdoor positioning and navigation technology, complexity involved in agricultural practices, safety of farm workers, and undefined industrial standards, energy efficiency, and farm layouts.

1.4 STRATEGIC RECOMMENDATIONS TO MARKET PLAYERS

Companies that are already involved in agricultural robotics should understand that the market is in its early stage of growth; for sustainable growth in revenue, a lot of innovation and clear value propositions are needed. The market is looking for more efficient solutions in terms of time, labor, and energy, rather than perfect ones. Large companies should focus on the key areas that need infrastructural changes in agriculture, instead of building products for lesser-known agricultural issues. Medium-sizes and startup companies can look for opportunities to fit as complementary players with the large companies.

It is important for companies that would like to enter the agricultural robotics market to build field robotic technology capabilities first, including software. These companies should look for robotic and agricultural expert panels and various user groups to correctly analyze their timing, positioning, and value propositions. A well-planned and executable roadmap for business and technology will ensure smooth entry in the near term and in the future.

Currently, market competition among various players does not appear to be visible. The competition is mainly between the large companies that want to expand their businesses to new geographic locations and the startups that are trying to solve the same problem in similar ways.

1.5 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST

The worldwide market for the agricultural robot experienced a significant boost in 2016 and many new products that were in field tests were launched on a commercial basis. Tractica forecasts that worldwide shipments of agricultural robots will grow from 28,453 in 2015 to almost 0.6 million units in 2024, increasing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 40.2% during that period. Worldwide agricultural robot revenue is expected grow from $3 billion in 2015 to $74.1 billion in 2024, at a CAGR of 43% (see Chart 1.1).

Dairy management, soil management, and field crops and forest management will remain as the top three revenue sources in terms of application types through 2017 (see Chart 1.2). Beginning in 2020, driverless tractors will claim the greatest source of revenue. Overall, the various robotic technologies involved in the mentioned application types will improve and become more affordable during the report’s forecast period.

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Chart 1.1 Agricultural Robot Revenue and Shipments, World Markets: 2015-2024

(Source: Tractica)

Chart 1.2 Agricultural Robot Revenue by Application Type, World Markets: 2015-2024

(Source: Tractica)

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SECTION 8

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION 1 ...................................................................................................................................................... 1 Executive Summary .................................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Agricultural Robot Market Segmentation ...................................................................................... 2 1.3 Market Dynamics .......................................................................................................................... 3 1.4 Strategic Recommendations to Market Players ............................................................................ 3 1.5 Global Market Forecast ................................................................................................................. 3

SECTION 2 ...................................................................................................................................................... 5 Market Issues .............................................................................................................................................. 5

2.1 Market Drivers ............................................................................................................................... 5 2.1.1 Global Population Growth and Food Demand ........................................................................ 5 2.1.2 The Availability of Farm Workers ............................................................................................ 6 2.1.3 Difficulties and Dangers Involved in Farm Jobs ...................................................................... 7 2.1.4 Increasing Wages of Hired Farm Workers .............................................................................. 8 2.1.5 Demand for Automated Applications ....................................................................................... 9

2.1.5.1 Driverless Tractors .......................................................................................................... 9 2.1.5.2 Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ........................................................................................... 10 2.1.5.3 Material Management ................................................................................................... 11 2.1.5.4 Field Crops and Forest Management ........................................................................... 12 2.1.5.5 Soil Management .......................................................................................................... 13 2.1.5.6 Dairy Management ....................................................................................................... 14 2.1.5.7 Animal Management ..................................................................................................... 15

2.1.6 Reshaping, Shrinking, and Abandoned Farmland ................................................................ 16 2.1.7 Growing Indoor and Urban Farming ...................................................................................... 16 2.1.8 Climate Change ..................................................................................................................... 18

2.2 Market Challenges ...................................................................................................................... 19 2.2.1 Unclear Value Proposition ..................................................................................................... 19 2.2.2 Awareness ............................................................................................................................. 19 2.2.3 Insufficient Solutions and Difficult to Replace Human-Like Dexterity ................................... 19 2.2.4 Fragmented Developments and Poor Administrative Support .............................................. 20 2.2.5 Infrastructural Issues ............................................................................................................. 20

2.3 Ecosystem Players ...................................................................................................................... 21 2.3.1 Farm and Industrial Automation Vendors .............................................................................. 21 2.3.2 Industrial Robot Vendors ....................................................................................................... 21 2.3.3 Mobile Robot Vendors ........................................................................................................... 21 2.3.4 Sensor Technology Vendors ................................................................................................. 21 2.3.5 Agricultural Research Organizations, Labs ........................................................................... 21

SECTION 3 .................................................................................................................................................... 22 Technology Issues .................................................................................................................................... 22

3.1 Heterogeneity of the Operating Environment .............................................................................. 22 3.2 Precise Identification and Classification of Targets and Obstacles ............................................ 23 3.3 Outdoor Positioning and Navigation Technology ........................................................................ 24 3.4 Transforming Food Systems and Complex Agricultural Practices .............................................. 25 3.5 Safety and Standards .................................................................................................................. 25 3.6 Energy Efficiency ........................................................................................................................ 26 3.7 Farm Layouts and New Robots ................................................................................................... 27

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SECTION 4 .................................................................................................................................................... 29 Industry Players ........................................................................................................................................ 29

4.1 Key Industry Players ................................................................................................................... 29 4.1.1 AGCO .................................................................................................................................... 29 4.1.2 AMAZONEN-Werke .............................................................................................................. 31 4.1.3 Autonomous Solutions Inc. .................................................................................................... 33 4.1.4 Autonomous Tractor Corporation .......................................................................................... 35 4.1.5 CLAAS ................................................................................................................................... 37 4.1.6 Clearpath Robotics ................................................................................................................ 39 4.1.7 CNH Industrial ....................................................................................................................... 41 4.1.8 Deepfield Robotics ................................................................................................................ 43 4.1.9 DeLaval ................................................................................................................................. 45 4.1.10 GEA Group ........................................................................................................................ 47 4.1.11 Harvest Automation ........................................................................................................... 49 4.1.12 John Deere ........................................................................................................................ 51 4.1.13 Kinze Manufacturing ......................................................................................................... 53 4.1.14 Kongskilde Industries ........................................................................................................ 55 4.1.15 Kubota ............................................................................................................................... 57 4.1.16 Lely .................................................................................................................................... 59 4.1.17 Mitsubishi Mahindra Agricultural Machinery ..................................................................... 61 4.1.18 Panasonic Corporation ..................................................................................................... 62 4.1.19 Shibuya Seiki .................................................................................................................... 64 4.1.20 Trimble .............................................................................................................................. 66 4.1.21 Yamaha Motor Company .................................................................................................. 68 4.1.22 Yanmar .............................................................................................................................. 70

4.2 Emerging Players and Startups .................................................................................................. 72 4.2.1 3D Robotics ........................................................................................................................... 72 4.2.2 Abundant Robotics ................................................................................................................ 73 4.2.3 Adigo AS ................................................................................................................................ 74 4.2.4 AeroFarms ............................................................................................................................. 75 4.2.5 AgEagle ................................................................................................................................. 76 4.2.6 AGERpoint ............................................................................................................................. 77 4.2.7 AgJunction ............................................................................................................................. 78 4.2.8 Ag Leader Technology .......................................................................................................... 79 4.2.9 Aglytix .................................................................................................................................... 80 4.2.10 AgNav ............................................................................................................................... 81 4.2.11 AgPixel .............................................................................................................................. 82 4.2.12 Agribot ............................................................................................................................... 83 4.2.13 Agribotix ............................................................................................................................ 84 4.2.14 Agri-Copter ........................................................................................................................ 85 4.2.15 Agrobot .............................................................................................................................. 86 4.2.16 Airinov ............................................................................................................................... 87 4.2.17 All Drone Solutions............................................................................................................ 88 4.2.18 Arable Labs ....................................................................................................................... 89 4.2.19 AutoProbe Technologies ................................................................................................... 90 4.2.20 Blue River Technology ...................................................................................................... 91 4.2.21 BouMatic Robotics BV ...................................................................................................... 92 4.2.22 CARRE .............................................................................................................................. 93 4.2.23 Ceres Imaging ................................................................................................................... 94 4.2.24 Clear Flight Solutions ........................................................................................................ 95 4.2.25 Conic System .................................................................................................................... 96 4.2.26 Costruzioni Meccaniche Ferrari ........................................................................................ 97

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4.2.27 Delair-Tech ........................................................................................................................ 98 4.2.28 Digital Harvest ................................................................................................................... 99 4.2.29 DroneDeploy ................................................................................................................... 100 4.2.30 ecoRobotix ...................................................................................................................... 101 4.2.31 Effidence ......................................................................................................................... 102 4.2.32 F. Poulsen Engineering ................................................................................................... 103 4.2.33 FarmBot Inc ..................................................................................................................... 104 4.2.34 Franklin Robotics ............................................................................................................ 105 4.2.35 Fullwood LTD .................................................................................................................. 106 4.2.36 Gamaya ........................................................................................................................... 107 4.2.37 Garford Farm Machinery ................................................................................................. 108 4.2.38 Grimme Group ................................................................................................................ 109 4.2.39 HADA (Previously KSF) .................................................................................................. 110 4.2.40 HETWIN .......................................................................................................................... 111 4.2.41 Hi-phen ............................................................................................................................ 112 4.2.42 Hokofarm Group (previously Insentec) ........................................................................... 113 4.2.43 Holland Green Machine .................................................................................................. 114 4.2.44 Hortau ............................................................................................................................. 115 4.2.45 Irmato .............................................................................................................................. 116 4.2.46 Iron Ox ............................................................................................................................ 117 4.2.47 ISEKI ............................................................................................................................... 118 4.2.48 L’Avion Jaune .................................................................................................................. 119 4.2.49 Logiqs BV ........................................................................................................................ 120 4.2.50 Maf Roda ......................................................................................................................... 121 4.2.51 Mavrx .............................................................................................................................. 122 4.2.52 Mirai Group ..................................................................................................................... 123 4.2.53 Motorleaf ......................................................................................................................... 124 4.2.54 Naïo Technologies .......................................................................................................... 125 4.2.55 OnFarm ........................................................................................................................... 126 4.2.56 Pix4D ............................................................................................................................... 127 4.2.57 PrecisionHawk ................................................................................................................ 128 4.2.58 Precision Makers ............................................................................................................. 129 4.2.59 Priva Group ..................................................................................................................... 130 4.2.60 Raussendorf Machine & Equipment ............................................................................... 131 4.2.61 Raven Industries ............................................................................................................. 132 4.2.62 RoboticsPlus ................................................................................................................... 133 4.2.63 Robotnik .......................................................................................................................... 134 4.2.64 Rogue Rovers ................................................................................................................. 135 4.2.65 SAC ................................................................................................................................. 136 4.2.66 senseFly .......................................................................................................................... 137 4.2.67 Shenzhen DJI Innovations .............................................................................................. 138 4.2.68 SlantRange ..................................................................................................................... 139 4.2.69 Sorter .............................................................................................................................. 140 4.2.70 SPREAD ......................................................................................................................... 141 4.2.71 SQUSE (Sukyuzu) .......................................................................................................... 142 4.2.72 SwarmFarm Robotics...................................................................................................... 143 4.2.73 TerrAvion ......................................................................................................................... 144 4.2.74 Trioliet BV ........................................................................................................................ 145 4.2.75 TTA BV ............................................................................................................................ 146 4.2.76 Urban Crops .................................................................................................................... 147 4.2.77 Vision Robotics ............................................................................................................... 148 4.2.78 Vitirover SJCS ................................................................................................................. 149

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4.2.79 Wall-Ye ............................................................................................................................ 150 4.3 Other Significant Industry Participants ...................................................................................... 151

4.3.1 Aarav Unmanned Systems .................................................................................................. 151 4.3.2 Ag Business & Crop Inc. ..................................................................................................... 151 4.3.3 Agribots ............................................................................................................................... 152 4.3.4 Agrifac Machinery ................................................................................................................ 152 4.3.5 Agrinetix ............................................................................................................................... 152 4.3.6 Agri Optics ........................................................................................................................... 152 4.3.7 Agroguia .............................................................................................................................. 153 4.3.8 AGX Tecnologia .................................................................................................................. 153 4.3.9 ALCI Visionics & Robotics ................................................................................................... 153 4.3.10 AMS-Galaxy-USA ........................................................................................................... 154 4.3.11 Aris B.V. .......................................................................................................................... 154 4.3.12 CMW Horticulture ............................................................................................................ 154 4.3.13 Crop Production Services ............................................................................................... 155 4.3.14 Demtech Services Inc. .................................................................................................... 155 4.3.15 Deveron UAS .................................................................................................................. 155 4.3.16 DICKEY-John .................................................................................................................. 156 4.3.17 EGATEC A/S ................................................................................................................... 156 4.3.18 Empire Unmanned .......................................................................................................... 156 4.3.19 Energid Technologies Corporation ................................................................................. 156 4.3.20 Euro.cri (BFR Systems) .................................................................................................. 157 4.3.21 Event 38 Unmanned Systems ........................................................................................ 157 4.3.22 FF Robotics ..................................................................................................................... 157 4.3.23 Force-A ........................................................................................................................... 158 4.3.24 FT Sistemas .................................................................................................................... 158 4.3.25 Geo-Konzept ................................................................................................................... 158 4.3.26 Harvest CROO Robotics ................................................................................................. 159 4.3.27 Helper Robotech Co. Ltd. (HRC) .................................................................................... 159 4.3.28 HETO Agrotechnics ........................................................................................................ 159 4.3.29 HoneyComb Corp. .......................................................................................................... 160 4.3.30 Hortiplan .......................................................................................................................... 160 4.3.31 HUVR .............................................................................................................................. 160 4.3.32 ISO Group ....................................................................................................................... 161 4.3.33 Landview Technologies Inc. ............................................................................................ 161 4.3.34 LD-Agro ........................................................................................................................... 161 4.3.35 Leading Edge Technologies ........................................................................................... 162 4.3.36 LemnaTec ....................................................................................................................... 162 4.3.37 Mack Robotics Inc. .......................................................................................................... 162 4.3.38 Measure .......................................................................................................................... 163 4.3.39 MicaSense ...................................................................................................................... 163 4.3.40 Mid-Tech Services Inc. ................................................................................................... 163 4.3.41 Near Earth Autonomy...................................................................................................... 164 4.3.42 Pastoral Robotics ............................................................................................................ 164 4.3.43 Photon Systems Instruments (PSI) ................................................................................. 164 4.3.44 Precision Ag Solutions Company .................................................................................... 165 4.3.45 Qubit Phenomics ............................................................................................................. 165 4.3.46 Robotic Milking Integration Solutions (RMIS) ................................................................. 165 4.3.47 Rowbot ............................................................................................................................ 166 4.3.48 Schuitemaker .................................................................................................................. 166 4.3.49 Sentera ............................................................................................................................ 166 4.3.50 SkySquirrel Technologies ............................................................................................... 167

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4.3.51 Steketee B.V. .................................................................................................................. 167 4.3.52 TeeJet Technologies ....................................................................................................... 167 4.3.53 Tillett and Hague Technology ......................................................................................... 168 4.3.54 Transplant Systems ........................................................................................................ 168 4.3.55 UAV-IQ WineFlight .......................................................................................................... 168 4.3.56 Urbinati ............................................................................................................................ 169 4.3.57 Valmont Industries Inc. ................................................................................................... 169 4.3.58 VineRangers ................................................................................................................... 169 4.3.59 VineView Scientific Aerial Imaging .................................................................................. 170 4.3.60 Visser Horti Systems ....................................................................................................... 170 4.3.61 Wilbur-Ellis ...................................................................................................................... 170

4.4 Academic and Research Labs / Programs ............................................................................... 171 4.4.1 Ag Robotics Lab (ARL) at Polytechnic University of Valencia ............................................ 171 4.4.2 Australian Centre for Field Robotics (ACFR) at the University of Sydney .......................... 172 4.4.3 Cambridge Consultants ....................................................................................................... 173 4.4.4 Clever Robots for Crops ...................................................................................................... 174 4.4.5 Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation IPA .......................... 175 4.4.6 Fujitsu Laboratories ............................................................................................................. 176 4.4.7 Georgia Institute of Technology Agricultural Technology Research Program .................... 177 4.4.8 Hokkaido University Laboratory of Vehicle Robotics (VeBots) ........................................... 178 4.4.9 Iowa State University Robotics Laboratory ......................................................................... 179 4.4.10 Irstea ............................................................................................................................... 180 4.4.11 Japanese National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO) .................... 181 4.4.12 Lincoln University Lincoln Agritech ................................................................................. 182 4.4.13 Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Institute for Future Environments ........... 183 4.4.14 SmartBot ......................................................................................................................... 184 4.4.15 Wageningen University & Research ............................................................................... 185 4.4.16 Washington State University Center for Precision & Automated Agricultural Systems .. 185

SECTION 5 .................................................................................................................................................. 186 Market Forecasts ..................................................................................................................................... 186

5.1 Definitions and Forecast Assumptions ...................................................................................... 186 5.2 Global Market ............................................................................................................................ 187 5.3 North America ........................................................................................................................... 189 5.4 Europe ....................................................................................................................................... 191 5.5 Asia Pacific ................................................................................................................................ 192 5.6 Latin America ............................................................................................................................ 194 5.7 Middle East and Africa .............................................................................................................. 195 5.8 Conclusions and Recommendations ........................................................................................ 197

SECTION 6 .................................................................................................................................................. 199 Acronym and Abbreviation List ............................................................................................................. 199 SECTION 7 .................................................................................................................................................. 203 Company Directory ................................................................................................................................. 203 SECTION 8 .................................................................................................................................................. 213 Table of Contents .................................................................................................................................... 213 SECTION 9 .................................................................................................................................................. 218 Table of Charts and Figures................................................................................................................... 218 SECTION 10 ................................................................................................................................................ 222 Scope of Study ........................................................................................................................................ 222 Sources and Methodology ..................................................................................................................... 222 Notes ........................................................................................................................................................ 223

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SECTION 9

TABLE OF CHARTS AND FIGURES

Chart 1.1 Agricultural Robot Revenue and Shipments, World Markets: 2015-2024............................... 4 Chart 1.2 Agricultural Robot Revenue by Application Type, World Markets: 2015-2024 ....................... 4 Chart 5.1 Agricultural Robot Revenue by Region, World Markets: 2015-2024 .................................. 187 Chart 5.2 Agricultural Robot Shipments by Region, World Markets: 2015-2024 ................................ 188 Chart 5.3 Agricultural Robot Revenue by Application Type, World Markets: 2015-2024 ................... 189 Chart 5.4 Agricultural Robot Revenue by Application Type, North America: 2015-2024 ................... 190 Chart 5.5 Agricultural Robot Shipments by Application Type, North America: 2015-2024 ................. 190 Chart 5.6 Agricultural Robot Revenue by Application Type, Europe: 2015-2024 ............................... 191 Chart 5.7 Agricultural Robot Shipments by Application Type, Europe: 2015-2024 ............................ 192 Chart 5.8 Agricultural Robot Revenue by Application Type, Asia Pacific: 2015-2024 ........................ 193 Chart 5.9 Agricultural Robot Shipments by Application Type, Asia Pacific: 2015-2024 ..................... 193 Chart 5.10 Agricultural Robot Revenue by Application Type, Latin America: 2015-2024 .................... 194 Chart 5.11 Agricultural Robot Shipments by Application Type, Latin America: 2015-2024 .................. 195 Chart 5.12 Agricultural Robot Revenue by Application Type, Middle East and Africa: 2015-2024 ...... 196 Chart 5.13 Agricultural Robot Shipments by Application Type, Middle East and Africa: 2015-2024.... 196 Chart 10.1 Tractica Research Methodology .......................................................................................... 223 Figure 1.1 Agricultural Robot Segmentation ............................................................................................. 2 Figure 2.1 Global Population Growth: 1950-2050 .................................................................................... 5 Figure 2.2 Global Urban and Rural Population: 1950-2050 ..................................................................... 6 Figure 2.3 Fatal Injury Rate by Industry in the United States: 2014 ......................................................... 7 Figure 2.4 Hired Workers and Wage Rates in U.S. Agriculture, 2000-2014 ............................................ 8 Figure 2.5 Concept Driverless Tractor ...................................................................................................... 9 Figure 2.6 Agricultural Drone Solution - Agrion (using DJI Phantom) .................................................... 10 Figure 2.7 Material Handling Robot HV-100........................................................................................... 11 Figure 2.8 Sorting and Packing Installations for Fresh Fruit and Vegetables ........................................ 11 Figure 2.9 Tomato Harvesting Robot ..................................................................................................... 12 Figure 2.10 Multi-Purpose Robotic Platform – BoniRob, QUT’s AgBot II ............................................ 13 Figure 2.11 Milking Robot - Astronaut, Mione ...................................................................................... 14 Figure 2.12 Feeding Robot - Triomatic T30, Juno ............................................................................... 15 Figure 2.13 Shrinking Arable Land: 1970-2050 ................................................................................... 16 Figure 2.14 Indoor Vertical Farm.......................................................................................................... 17 Figure 2.15 Impact of Climate Change on Crops ................................................................................. 18 Figure 3.1 Project MARS ........................................................................................................................ 22 Figure 3.2 Strawberry Picking ................................................................................................................ 23 Figure 3.3 QZSS in Agriculture ............................................................................................................... 24 Figure 3.4 The Food System .................................................................................................................. 25 Figure 3.5 Robot Safety Standards ........................................................................................................ 26 Figure 3.6 Autonomous Vegetable Harvesting Robot, Ladybird Using Solar Panels ............................ 27 Figure 3.7 Barn Layout ........................................................................................................................... 28 Figure 4.1 Fendt Varioterminal ............................................................................................................... 30 Figure 4.2 Fendt GuideConnect (Unmanned Tractor behind Manned Tractor) ..................................... 30 Figure 4.3 AmaSpot Sensor Nozzle System .......................................................................................... 32 Figure 4.4 AmaSpot Sensor Nozzle System: (1) GreenSense Fluorescence Sensor (2) Nozzle Switching via Pulse Width Frequency Modulation ................................................................ 32 Figure 4.5 ASI Mobius Control Software System Showing Action Plan ................................................. 34 Figure 4.6 ASI Vehicle Automation Kit ................................................................................................... 34

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Figure 4.7 ATC The Spirit Prototype ...................................................................................................... 36 Figure 4.8 AutoDrive and eDrive on Converted John Deere Tractor ..................................................... 36 Figure 4.9 CLAAS CAM PILOT .............................................................................................................. 38 Figure 4.10 GPS Pilot and Guidance System ...................................................................................... 38 Figure 4.11 Grizzly Robotic Utility Vehicle ........................................................................................... 40 Figure 4.12 Warthog Amphibious Unmanned Ground Vehicle ............................................................ 40 Figure 4.13 Case IH Magnum Autonomous Concept Tractor .............................................................. 42 Figure 4.14 New Holland T8 NHDrive Autonomous Concept Tractor .................................................. 42 Figure 4.15 Adaptable Robotic Platform BoniRob ............................................................................... 44 Figure 4.16 Deepfield 4D-Scan (Portable Device, Can Also Be Incorporated on BoniRob) ............... 44 Figure 4.17 Voluntary Robotic Milking System .................................................................................... 46 Figure 4.18 Automated Rotary Robotic Milking System ...................................................................... 46 Figure 4.19 Mione Robotic Milking System .......................................................................................... 48 Figure 4.20 SRone Manure Scraper .................................................................................................... 48 Figure 4.21 HV-100 .............................................................................................................................. 50 Figure 4.22 HV-100 Product Specification ........................................................................................... 50 Figure 4.23 John Deere Concept Fully Autonomous Cabless Tractor................................................. 52 Figure 4.24 TANGO E5 Autonomous Mower ....................................................................................... 52 Figure 4.25 Kinze Driverless Grain Cart Receiving Corn from a Combine While Keeping Up with Combine .................................................................................................................... 54 Figure 4.26 Kinze Autonomous Grain Harvesting System User Interface ........................................... 54 Figure 4.27 Vibro Crop Intelli Row Crop Cultivator .............................................................................. 56 Figure 4.28 Vibro Crop Robotti ............................................................................................................. 56 Figure 4.29 Kubota M7001 Series........................................................................................................ 58 Figure 4.30 Kubota Driverless Tractor Prototype ................................................................................. 58 Figure 4.31 Lely Astronaut A4 Milking Robot ....................................................................................... 60 Figure 4.32 Lely Discovery ................................................................................................................... 60 Figure 4.33 Robotic Rice Transplanter Prototype ................................................................................ 61 Figure 4.34 Panasonic Tomato-Picking Robot ..................................................................................... 63 Figure 4.35 Factory Farm in Singapore Built by Panasonic ................................................................. 63 Figure 4.36 Shibuya Seiki Robotic Strawberry Picker.......................................................................... 65 Figure 4.37 Shibuya Seiki Tray Conveyor Sorter ................................................................................. 65 Figure 4.38 Future Farms ..................................................................................................................... 67 Figure 4.39 Trimble Ag Software (Connected Farm) ........................................................................... 67 Figure 4.40 GreenSeeker ..................................................................................................................... 68 Figure 4.41 Yamaha RMax Remotely Piloted Helicopter ..................................................................... 69 Figure 4.42 Yamaha FAZER Remotely Piloted Helicopter .................................................................. 70 Figure 4.43 Yanmar Concept Driverless Tractor YT01 ........................................................................ 71 Figure 4.44 Yanmar Manned Tractor Controls Driverless Tractor ....................................................... 72 Figure 4.45 3DR Site Scan ................................................................................................................... 73 Figure 4.46 Autonomous Apple Picker ................................................................................................. 74 Figure 4.47 Field Flux Robot ................................................................................................................ 75 Figure 4.48 AeroFarms Indoor Vertical Farming .................................................................................. 76 Figure 4.49 AgEagle RX60 ................................................................................................................... 77 Figure 4.50 GroveTracker Software ..................................................................................................... 78 Figure 4.51 Outback Max Terminal ...................................................................................................... 79 Figure 4.52 SteerCommand Automated Steering ................................................................................ 80 Figure 4.53 SolverPod Analytics .......................................................................................................... 81 Figure 4.54 AG-NAV Navigation System ............................................................................................. 82 Figure 4.55 AgPixel’s Specialty Classification Map ............................................................................. 83 Figure 4.56 Agribot Agrirobo ................................................................................................................ 84 Figure 4.57 Agribotix FarmLens ........................................................................................................... 85

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Figure 4.58 Agri-Copter Drone ............................................................................................................. 86 Figure 4.59 Agrobot Strawberry Harvester 6010 ................................................................................. 87 Figure 4.60 SenseFly’s eBee Equipped with the multiSPEC 4C ......................................................... 88 Figure 4.61 ROAM System - Remotely Operated Agriculture Mapping ............................................... 89 Figure 4.62 Arable Labs Pulsepod ....................................................................................................... 90 Figure 4.63 AutoProbe Being Towed ................................................................................................... 91 Figure 4.64 LettuceBot - Precision Thinning ........................................................................................ 92 Figure 4.65 Milking Robots MR-S1 and MR-D1 ................................................................................... 93 Figure 4.66 ANATIS - Fully Autonomous Weeder and Hoeing Device (jointly with Naio) ................... 94 Figure 4.67 Imagery Products from Ceres Imaging ............................................................................. 95 Figure 4.68 Robirds .............................................................................................................................. 96 Figure 4.69 EMP-300 Automatic Grafting Machine.............................................................................. 97 Figure 4.70 Driverless Robotic Transplanter FUTURA ........................................................................ 98 Figure 4.71 DT18 Agri Package ........................................................................................................... 99 Figure 4.72 RMax Being Tested......................................................................................................... 100 Figure 4.73 Drone Deploy Aerial Mapping App .................................................................................. 101 Figure 4.74 Row Crop Weeder ........................................................................................................... 102 Figure 4.75 EffiBot .............................................................................................................................. 103 Figure 4.76 Robovator, Vision-Based Thermal Weeder .................................................................... 104 Figure 4.77 FarmBot Genesis ............................................................................................................ 105 Figure 4.78 Tertill Solar-Powered Continuous Roving Robot Weeder ............................................... 106 Figure 4.79 Fullwood M2erlin Robotic Milking System ...................................................................... 107 Figure 4.80 Hyperspectral Imaging by Gamaya ................................................................................. 108 Figure 4.81 Robocrop InRow Weeder ................................................................................................ 109 Figure 4.82 Grimme ErgoDrive Control System ................................................................................. 110 Figure 4.83 CEROS Robot Sprayer ................................................................................................... 111 Figure 4.84 Aramis II Feed Robot ...................................................................................................... 112 Figure 4.85 Phenomobile, Self-Driving Mobile Phenotyping Device Developed in Conjunction with INRA, Arvalis, Meca 3D, and Effidence ................................................................... 113 Figure 4.86 Astrea 20.20 Two-Box Milking Robot .............................................................................. 114 Figure 4.87 S55 Spray Robot ............................................................................................................. 115 Figure 4.88 Hortau’s WEB-TX4 Field Monitoring Station ................................................................... 116 Figure 4.89 Rombomatic Steps - Clipping, Treating with Rooting Powders, Planting ....................... 117 Figure 4.90 Iron Ox Robotic Greenhouse .......................................................................................... 118 Figure 4.91 ISEKI GRF800-U Fully Automated Grafting Robot ......................................................... 119 Figure 4.92 L’Avion Jaune YellowScan .............................................................................................. 120 Figure 4.93 Logiqs Automatic Transport Vehicle ............................................................................... 121 Figure 4.94 Maf Roda Globalscan Grader ......................................................................................... 122 Figure 4.95 Mavrx Scout .................................................................................................................... 123 Figure 4.96 Mirai Plant Factory Room ............................................................................................... 124 Figure 4.97 Motorleaf Overview (Hardware and Software) ................................................................ 125 Figure 4.98 Oz Weeding Robot .......................................................................................................... 126 Figure 4.99 Cloud-Based OnFarm Farm Management System ........................................................ 127 Figure 4.100 Pix4D Software Used in Dole’s Pineapple Farm ............................................................ 128 Figure 4.101 PrecisionHawk Four Steps to Information Delivery, Streamlining Data Collection to Analytics ...................................................................................................................... 129 Figure 4.102 Precision Makers Greenbot ............................................................................................ 130 Figure 4.103 Priva Group Kompano Deleaf-line Robot ....................................................................... 131 Figure 4.104 Raussendorf Robot CÄSAR ............................................................................................ 132 Figure 4.105 Raven Industries Slingshot Field Hub ............................................................................. 133 Figure 4.106 RoboticsPlus Multipurpose Orchard Robot ..................................................................... 134 Figure 4.107 Robotnik Automation VINBOT ........................................................................................ 135

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Figure 4.108 Rogue Rovers FarmDogg ............................................................................................... 136 Figure 4.109 SAC RDS Futureline MAX .............................................................................................. 137 Figure 4.110 senseFly eBee SQ Advanced Agricultural Drone ........................................................... 138 Figure 4.111 DJI Agras MG-1 Octocopter ............................................................................................ 139 Figure 4.112 SlantRange SL2i and SL2p Multispectral Sensors ......................................................... 140 Figure 4.113 ViSort Vision Software System ....................................................................................... 141 Figure 4.114 SPREAD’s Kameoka Plant ............................................................................................. 142 Figure 4.115 Automatic Tomato Harvesting Robot .............................................................................. 143 Figure 4.116 SwarmFarm SwarmBot ................................................................................................... 144 Figure 4.117 TerrAvion OverView Software Service............................................................................ 145 Figure 4.118 Triomatic Feeding Robot ................................................................................................. 146 Figure 4.119 TTA Midi Curve Automatic Transplanters ....................................................................... 147 Figure 4.120 Urban Crops FarmFlex Container ................................................................................... 148 Figure 4.121 VR Lettuce Thinner ......................................................................................................... 149 Figure 4.122 Solar Powered VITIROVER Vineyard Robot .................................................................. 150 Figure 4.123 Wall-YE Robot Pruning and in Preparation for Harvesting ............................................. 151 Figure 4.124 Prototype Vinerobot ........................................................................................................ 171 Figure 4.123 Swagbot, Mantis and Shrimp, RIPPA ............................................................................. 172 Figure 4.126 Vision-Based Eco-Friendly Sprayer ................................................................................ 173 Figure 4.127 Sweet-pepper Harvesting Robot, Apple Harvesting Robot, Close Range Precision Spraying Robot ............................................................................................... 174 Figure 4.128 Fraunhofer EFFIROB Concept, AgriApps ....................................................................... 175 Figure 4.129 Fujitsu Labs Akisai .......................................................................................................... 176 Figure 4.130 Intelligent Cutting and Deboning System ........................................................................ 177 Figure 4.131 Unmanned Tractors Running in Orderly Manner, Unmanned Tractor ............................ 178 Figure 4.132 Tomato Picking ............................................................................................................... 179 Figure 4.133 Irstea Baudet-Rob and AdAP2E Robot Projects ............................................................ 180 Figure 4.134 NARO's Rice Planting Robot Using Kubota's Rice Planter as Base .............................. 181 Figure 4.135 Kale Yield Scanner .......................................................................................................... 182 Figure 4.136 QUT AgBot II ................................................................................................................... 183 Figure 4.137 Various AgroBots under SmartBot Project, Goose Buster ............................................. 184 Figure 4.138 Sweet-pepper Harvesting Robot Sweeper ..................................................................... 185 Figure 5.1 Agricultural Robot Market Key Takeaways ......................................................................... 198

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SECTION 10

SCOPE OF STUDY

This report examines global market trends for agricultural robots and provides 10-year market sizing and forecasts for agricultural robot shipments and revenue during the period from 2015 through 2024. The report examines the market opportunities, barriers, and technological issues for the relevant application markets. Key industry players are profiled in depth. The market forecasts are segmented by world region and application type.

SOURCES AND METHODOLOGY

Tractica is an independent market research firm that provides industry participants and stakeholders with an objective, unbiased view of market dynamics and business opportunities within its coverage areas. The firm’s industry analysts are dedicated to presenting clear and actionable analysis to support business planning initiatives and go-to-market strategies, utilizing rigorous market research methodologies and without regard for technology hype or special interests including Tractica’s own client relationships. Within its market analysis, Tractica strives to offer conclusions and recommendations that reflect the most likely path of industry development, even when those views may be contrarian.

The basis of Tractica’s analysis is primary research collected from a variety of sources including industry interviews, vendor briefings, product demonstrations, and quantitative and qualitative market research focused on consumer and business end-users. Industry analysts conduct interviews with representative groups of executives, technology practitioners, sales and marketing professionals, industry association personnel, government representatives, investors, consultants, and other industry stakeholders. Analysts are diligent in pursuing interviews with representatives from every part of the value chain in an effort to gain a comprehensive view of current market activity and future plans. Within the firm’s surveys and focus groups, respondent samples are carefully selected to ensure that they provide the most accurate possible view of demand dynamics within consumer and business markets, utilizing balanced and representative samples where appropriate and careful screening and qualification criteria in cases where the research topic requires a more targeted group of respondents.

Tractica’s primary research is supplemented by the review and analysis of all secondary information available on the topic being studied, including company news and financial information, technology specifications, product attributes, government and economic data, industry reports and databases from third-party sources, case studies, and reference customers. As applicable, all secondary research sources are appropriately cited within the firm’s publications.

All of Tractica’s research reports and other publications are carefully reviewed and scrutinized by the firm’s senior management team in an effort to ensure that research methodology is sound, all information provided is accurate, analyst assumptions are carefully documented, and conclusions are well-supported by facts. Tractica is highly responsive to feedback from industry participants and, in the event errors in the firm’s research are identified and verified, such errors are corrected promptly.

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Chart 10.1 Tractica Research Methodology

(Source: Tractica)

NOTES

CAGR refers to compound annual growth rate, using the formula:

CAGR = (End Year Value ÷ Start Year Value)(1/steps) – 1.

CAGRs presented in the tables are for the entire timeframe in the title. Where data for fewer years are given, the CAGR is for the range presented. Where relevant, CAGRs for shorter timeframes may be given as well.

Figures are based on the best estimates available at the time of calculation. Annual revenues, shipments, and sales are based on end-of-year figures unless otherwise noted. All values are expressed in year 2016 U.S. dollars unless otherwise noted. Percentages may not add up to 100 due to rounding.

PRIMARY

RESEARCH

SECONDARY

RESEARCH

SUPPLY SIDE DEMAND SIDE

Industry Interviews

Vendor Briefings

Product Evaluations

End-User Surveys

End-User Focus Groups

Company News & Financials

Technology & Product Specs

Government & Economic Data

Case Studies

Reference Customers

QUALITATIVE

ANALYSIS

QUANTITATIVE

ANALYSIS

Company Analysis

Business Models

Competitive Landscape

Technology Assessment

Applications & Use Cases

MarketSizing

Market Segmentation

Market Forecasts

Market Share Analysis

Scenario Analysis

MARKET RESEARCH

MARKET ANALYSIS

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Published 4Q 2016

© 2016 Tractica LLC

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This publication is provided by Tractica LLC (“Tractica”). This publication may be used only as expressly permitted by license from Tractica and may not otherwise be reproduced, recorded, photocopied, distributed, displayed, modified, extracted, accessed or used without the express written permission of Tractica. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Tractica makes no claim to any Government data and other data obtained from public sources found in this publication (whether or not the owners of such data are noted in this publication). If you do not have a license from Tractica covering this publication, please refrain from accessing or using this publication. Please contact Tractica to obtain a license to this publication.

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