Employment in the agriculture sector decreasedfrom 1.48 million in 2008 to 1.47 million in 2010,a decline of 0.1 per cent.

Tight labour situation and consequently wasdependent on registered foreign and efforts toutilize mechanical harvesting technology in theplantation .

Hence, the problems of agricultural labour aremanifold such as lack of quality labour, problemaging of labour and so on.

Labour Problems in Agriculture

Lack of labour

Labour quality

The issues of competition

between local and foreign

labour

Problem aging of labour

evolution of technology

Migration of labour from agriculture to non-agricultural sector .

Lack of interest among local youths.

Other sectors competing for labour .

Negative thinking by Malaysian.

Low wages with the heavy workload and thewelfare of workers has not been concerned well.

Not have a good future. Lower wages from agriculture compare to others

sector are not enough or an individual to covertheir life expenses.

Low social status. Not profitable, very difficult, dangerous, impede to

rising standards of living and working with a dirtysurrounding

Labour Quality Labour quality in Malaysia.

They the to analyze and solve problems.

• Lack of technology and fundin agriculture.

• The aging of labour .

• Chances to approach related training are limited.

Foreign labour come fromBangladesh, Indonesia, Thailandand Filipina.

Wages for labour lower thanlocal labour.

Company or proprietor can savea lot of overhead to increasethe profits for company.

Foreign labours are cheaper buthardworking and willing to doeswhatever job that have beeninstruct by superior.

Problem aging of labour

Most of the younger generationswith the minimum holder ofdegree are more preferred to be aprofessional than a labour.

Many parents have tried toinculcate the youngsters that ahigh education standard personshould work as a professional butnot a labour that same level withforeign labour in Malaysia.

for labour is now toeconomize and maximize the profit

More to involve in field

Had the labour in agriculture field.

The probability can be by

Labor Wages Issue

A Serious Imbalance between

Industrial and Agricultural Proportion

Affected Productivity of

Agriculture Sector

Less quality of agricultural

education in the labor

As the nation moves up to higher levels ofdevelopment, rising factor prices, especially whileshortage of labour, it has become more apparent, it haslead to rising production costs and commodity prices.

A big influx of foreign workers could have a profoundeffect on the wages of Malaysians and jeopardized thegovernment's high-income policy.

These foreign workers will not only be competing withdomestic workers for the same jobs but they could be aliability if their presence and entry are not controlled.

A Serious Imbalance between

Industrial and Agricultural

Proportion

• Transfer of agriculturalsurplus labour which arguedstrongly encouraged ruralpeople can solve the surplusof agricultural labour force,able to provide cheap labourfor city construction. Whileothers think the agriculturedemographic transition moveto cities, would increase theburden on cities.

The agriculture demographic transitionmove to cities, this may cause supply-demand of labor imbalance in thatoccupation between industrial andagricultural sector may cause anotherissue.

Affected Productivity of Agriculture Sector

Modern socialized production and qualities oflabour are important factor to determine thedevelopment of productive forces.

To measure the level of the quality of the laborforce mainly depends on ：

ideology ， science and technology ， healthstatus.

The high quality of labourbrought about by the mostdirect positive impact is toimprove productivity andproduct quality.

In contrast to the low quality oflabour will lead to low yield,increased production costs andis not conducive to thedevelopment of new high

technology agriculture.

Less quality of agricultural

education in the labor

The socio-economic development, require agricultural labor force has a high scientific and cultural qualities.

Improved quality in agricultural labor demand, decrease in number.

• Government have to come out budget to launch out education policy or project for agricultural labour demand situation.

Increase the social security.

Provide modal and subsidy.

High pay.

Upgrading labour skills.

Social Security Agricultural labour has no social security

-no annual leave, no earned leave, no sick leaveand no pension or gratuity.

Emphasised the provision of basicinfrastructure and social services.

Strengthening human resource developmentand increased participation of the ruralpopulation in economic activities.

Improved standards of living and promoted potential rural areas for commercial activities.

Provide some pension- provides protection to employees.

Improvement in the , , provision of

.

Provide modal and subsidy Have to their

-give up because the income is not enoughcover for the expenses

provide loans, advances andother credit facilities

Government distributes the offarming input such like ,

etc.

• Malaysian Investment Development Authority (MIDA) produces product encouraged to apply Investment Tax Allowance (ITA)-A company that given ITA can get allowance as much as 60% on capital expenditure eligible that done in five years period from date of expenditure of the capital eligible first.

for them to their family.

• In 2013, government had to ensure all the labours can having

the minimum income monthly.

• Department of Agriculture Malaysia - help agriculture labours - has provided

• Government offered different section of

-enhance the of labour from one position to another sub-sector in agriculture

-Ministry of Agriculture and Agro-based Industry (MOA) has offered variance courses and training

• learn the from the professionals and hands-on experiences

• The National Agricultural Training Council (NATC) - produce

in order for agriculture to become a modern, dynamic and competitive private sector.

have a major of ensuring thatthere is adequate of the

.

should provide some course to theirabout the sector.

in the social security, increases modal and subsidy, given high wages also very important to in Malaysia.

All these improvement can participate themselves in sector agriculture.