agenda evolution of communications digital vs voip how voip works as a transport layer what is...
TRANSCRIPT
AgendaEvolution of Communications
Digital vs VoIP
How VoIP works as a transport layer
What is “The Cloud”?
Common Applications
Advantages of VoIP
Misconceptions about VoIP
Evolution of CommunicationsScream at your Neighbor
2 Cans and a String
Central Office
CPE PBX usingIC Chips
IP PBX
Phone Guy Gets Yelled at!
Digital vs VoIPDigital -Like a Subway or a Train
Goes Point to PointLots of people in the same car!Predetermined stopsNot Very Flexible
VoIP – Like a TaxiDynamic in directionSingle Occupant Goes to one addressVery Flexible
Telephone SystemsTelephones are directly connected to the system
Telephones - limited distance from the KSU
Telephones are dumb terminals
System Hardware controls the configuration size
Communications is most often proprietary
Use Pulse Code Modulation
Use Time Division Multiplexing
Pulse Code ModulationEncoder
Time Division Multiplexing is the distance between the samplesVoice Conversation is transmitted in 0’s and 1’s
0000
0001
0010
0011
0100
0101
0110
0111
0000
0001
0010
0011
0100
0101
01100111
0000
0001
0010
0011
0100
0101
0110
0111
0000
0001
0010
0011
0100
0101
01100111
Transport Layer
Ext 1401Voice
Ext 2407Voice
Digitized VoiceAll 0’s and 1’s
Digitized VoiceAll 0’s and 1’s
Transmitted Via T1/PRI
PSTNT1/PRI transportE&M Emulation
PBX 1 PBX 2
Transmitted Via T1/PRI
Ext 401Voice
Ext 407Voice
PBX
010001110101 010001110101
What is VoIPVoice over Internet Protocol is the transmission of voice
over a network – Not the Internet
Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Model:7 = Application – processes applications6 = Presentation – data representation and encryption5 = Session – Inter-host communications4 = Transport – End to end connections and reliability (TCP)3 = Network – Path determination and logical addressing (IP)2 = Data Line – Physical Addressing (MAC addresses & LLC)1 = Physical – Medial, signal and binary transmission
192.16 West 8.1st – Office 1192.16 West 8.1st – Office 2192.16 West 8.1st – Office 3192.16 West 8.1st – Office 4192.16 West 8.1st – Office 5192.16 West 8.1st – Office 6
192.168.1.1192.168.1.2192.168.1.3192.168.1.4192.168.1.5192.168.1.6
Address Driven
IP Address
OFFICE 5
OFFICE 6 OFFICE 4
OFFICE 1
OFFICE 2
OFFICE 3x
xx
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Server Room
19216 WEST 81ST
OFFICE 5
OFFICE 6
OFFICE 4
OFFICE 1
OFFICE 2
OFFICE 3x
x
x
x
x
xx
x
x
x
x
x
Transport Layer
Ext 1401Voice
Ext 2401Voice
Digitized VoiceAll 0’s and 1’s
Digitized VoiceAll 0’s and 1’s
Packets addressed and sent over the Internet
Internet transports from one location to another using address
PBX 1 PBX 2
Gateway
Internet
Gateway62.203.3.1 67.203.5.1
Packets addressed and sent over the Internet
What is the Cloud?
66.210.10.1
127.107.7.1
62.203.3.1 66.166.1.464.201.100.4
65.25.2.2 61.200.2.3 62.2.200.4
65.16.200.5 168.68.2.6
66.210.10.2
127.107.7.2 127.107.7.3
66.166.1.12
Common ApplicationsRemote Worker
Unmanaged Network – Latency and jitterBandwidth LimitationsOnly need one static IP Address
Internet
67.28.190.127
167.19.120.111
192.168.100.1
301 302 303
WAN
Common ApplicationsRemote WorkersGateway RegistrationWAN Port
Internet
67.28.190.127125.105.90.201
167.19.120.111
112.47.99.98
192.168.1.120
192.168.22.199301 302 303
192.168.100.1
Common Applications
301 302 303 301 302 303
67.28.190.127 122.24.50.13
Internet
Creating a Voice NetworkUnmanaged Network – Latency and jitterBandwidth LimitationsOnly need one static IP Address
Common ApplicationsAdding to the Voice Network
301 302 303 301 302 303
67.28.190.127 122.24.50.13
192.168.22.110 192.168.22.111 192.168.11.110 192.168.11.111
Internet
LANLANWAN
192.168.22.110 192.168.22.111
Internet
301 302 303
Common Applications
67.28.190.127
SIP Trunks
SIP Trunks
Adding SIP trunks to the Voice Network
Common ApplicationsTwo locations
301 302 303 301 302 303
67.28.190.127 122.24.50.13
192.168.22.110 192.168.22.111 192.168.11.110 192.168.11.111
Internet
SIP Trunks
Advantages to VoIPStandards of Interconnectivity Dynamic in Installation and Application Unlimited in Size – Global NetworkRemote workersRelatively easy to create a “Voice Network”Easy to do MAC WorkSingle Cable Runs (Maybe)Tree Topology
Tree Topology 1
OFFICE 5
OFFICE 6 OFFICE 4
OFFICE 1
OFFICE 2
OFFICE 3
x
xx
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Server Room
192.168.1.5 192.168.1.3 192.168.1.1
192.168.1.6 192.168.1.4 192.168.1.2
Tree Topology 2
OFFICE 5
OFFICE 6 OFFICE 4
OFFICE 1
OFFICE 2
OFFICE 3
x
xx
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Server Room
192.168.1.5 192.168.1.3 192.168.1.1
192.168.1.6 192.168.1.4 192.168.1.2
Disadvantages of VoIPRemains Expensive for the Small Business
Can be difficult to troubleshoot
Standards are still evolving
Quality of Voice over an Unmanaged Network
Lags on Call Processing Functionality
External Interfaces
Line appearances and buttons
Misconceptions about VoIPI am going to save Money!No more paying long distance toll chargesWhen I use VoIP I only need one cable drop per officeUsing Remote workers will save me money because I can
use a smaller office