agenda company profile global glass manufacturer float glass manufacturing process locally produced...
TRANSCRIPT
Agenda
• Company profile• Global Glass Manufacturer• Float Glass Manufacturing Process• Locally Produced Products• How to Choose Glass• Heat Flows in Malaysia• Why Low E?• Technical Information• Product Range
- Pilkington Optifloat™- Pilkington Specialty Glass- Pilkington Coated Glass
• Performance Data
• 1971 – MSG Established
• 2004 – Wholly owned by Nippon Sheet Glass (NSG)
• June 2006 – Acquisition of Pilkington by NSG
Company Profile
4
Global Glass Manufacturer
5
FLOAT GLASS MANUFACTURING PROCESS
6
Glass Manufacturing: Raw Materials
Silica Sand, Soda Ash, Felspar, Dolomite, Cullet
Raw Material Source
SILICA SAND
FELSPAR
DOLOMITE
SODA ASH
CHINA AND USA
CARBON
JAPAN
SALT CAKE
CHINA
8
Mixing at Batch Plant
Melting at Furnace
Refining at Furnace
Forming at Bath
Annealing at Lehr
Washing, drying and defects analysis
Cutting and inspection
Production and packing
Delivery
Float Glass Manufacturing Process
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Glass Manufacturing: Furnace Interior
10
Glass Manufacturing: Tin Bath (Float)
Molten glass floating on molten tinMolten glass floating on molten tin
11
Glass Manufacturing: Finished Ribbon
Washing, Cutting, Checking, Stacking
12
Pilkington Optifloat™ Clear Glass
• Available from 4mm ~ 19mm thick
Pilkington Optifloat™ Clear Glass
Features & Benefits
• Maximizes daylight transmittance
• Wide range of thicknesses
• High clarity
• Flat surface
14
Pilkington Optifloat™ Tinted
•Green•Emerald Green•Blue•Bronze•Dark Grey•Arctic Blue
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Pilkington Arctic Blue™ & Emerald Green™ High Performance Tint
• Provides both lower shading coefficient and good daylight transmittance compared to regular tints
• Low exterior reflectance
• Low UV transmittance
• Excellent performance when combined with Low-E for reduced heat gain
• All these are produced & available in Malaysia
Pilkington Optifloat™ Tinted
Features & Benefits• Good solar control• Reduces cooling loads• Low external & internal reflectance
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New coating facility in Malaysia
Features & Benefits
• Medium solar control (low SHGC)
• Low Shading coefficient (SC)
• Subtle Reflectivity - privacy
• Pyrolytic coating (hard coat)
• Easy to handle
• Good glare control
• Air conditioning costs reduced
Reflite™ Reflective Glass
Pilkington Texture™
• Pilkington Nashiji™ Clear
• Pilkington Mistlite™ Clear
• Pilkington Karatachi™ Dark Grey
Pilkington Texture™
Features & Benefits
• Decorative
• Privacy
• Diffused daylight
• High light transmittance
Benefits of Using Local Glass
• Complies with local & International Standards
• Stock availability
• Quick replacements
• Prompt technical support
• Survival of local industries
• Reduced carbon footprints
The many window innovations available today require a
designer to make selections in at least 16 different variables
VARIABLES
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1. GLASS THICKNESS
2.5, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 19 mm
90
2. TINTS:
Low-Iron Clear, Clear, Green, Blue-Green, Blue, Bronze, Light Grey, Grey, Dark Grey 9
900
3. COATINGS:Visible AbsorbingVisible ReflectiveVisible Color (Gold) Low Emittance
Solar AbsorbingSolar ReflectiveSolar Transmitting
Self-CleaningAnti-ReflectiveOther (UV Block, Anti-Graffiti) 10
3,600
4. HOW MANY LIGHTS?
Single GlazingDouble GlazingTriple GlazingAdd-On Panels
4
10,800
5. IG SPACER
Aluminum,Partly Insulating, ‘Warm Edge’
3
32,400
6. Gas Fill
Air,Argon, Krypton
3
97,200
7. GLASS STRENGTH
Annealed,Heat Strengthened, Tempered
8. IMPACT RESISTANCE
Laminated 0.015” pvbLaminated 0.030” pvbLaminated 0.060” pvbLaminated 0.090” pvbColour interlayerImpact Resistant InterlayerAcoustic Insulating InterlayerCIP (Cast in Place Epoxy Laminate)
8 777,600
9. LAMINATION ORIENTATIONCoated plies:Coating to air side ORCoating against interlayer (pvb etc.)
n.b. Low-E coatings touching theinterlayer lose their low-e property because glass is opaque to Far IR!
2 1,555,200
7,776,000
10. FIRE RESISTANCE:
Wired Glass, Intumescent Laminates -
20, 30, 60, 90, 120 minutes Fire Rating
5
15,552,000
11. ELECTROCHROMIC:
Switch between High & Low SHGC.Switch between Transparent & Translucent.
2
46,656,000
12. ELECTROMAGNETIC SHIELDING:
Prevent electronic data escaping.Prevent interference entering.
Different db shielding levels 3
93,312,000
13. ORIENTATION OF OUTER LIGHT
2
186,624,000
14. ORIENTATION OF INNER LIGHT
2
373,248,000
15.ORIENTATION OF IGU
Everyone should use hand-held coating
detector meters
2
That makes about millions different combinations! ONE is the best. All others are likely less than best.
HOW DO YOU CHOOSE?
CONCLUSIONS
Glazing choices are many and varied
IG gas fills and some coatings (4 at least) are invisible
You cannot see by eye: U-Factor or SHGC
There are tools, codes, standards and certification programs available
Which bring us to low e, energy savings, and green issues….
Glass for Malaysia
• How do you choose?
• Performance issues
• Look of the building
• Energy Savings
• Green initiatives
• Many, many factors
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TECHNICAL INFORMATION
The 4 Energy/Heat Flows Remember: Heat Flows from Hot to Cold
UV Visible
Solar IR Far IR
3%
50%
47%
Heat Flows from HOT to COLD
Conduction
Convection
Radiation
U-Factor measures the rate of heat transfer from warm air side to cool air side. Watts/sq.m.degC
Far IR Radiation
Convection
Conduction
SHGC Solar Heat Gain Coefficient % of Sun’s heat striking a window that enters a
room (by conduction + convection + radiation)
Far IR Radiation
Convection
Solar IR Radiation
Shading Coefficient
% of Sun’s heat striking a window that enters a room (by conduction + convection + radiation)
Compared to
% of Sun’s heat striking a 3 mm Clear Glass window that enters a room (by conduction + convection + radiation)
SHGC ~ 0.87 x Shading Coefficient
Shading Coefficient is a Poor # to use…Why? Whose 3mm glass? Why not 6mm? SHGC is a pure formula and preferred.
Heat enters when the sun shines through the glass: SHGC (Solar Heat Gain Coefficient) or SF or S/C
About half as much enters over a 24 hour day by conduction (U-Factor, or K factor) for 15 °C difference (40 °C outside, 25 °C inside)
Adding Low Emissivity always helps because it lowers SHGC and it lowers U-Factor
Three Numbers are needed:
1.Tdw for fading control. (Free from LBNL Windows 5
http://windows.lbl.gov/software 1 to 0. Lower means less fading. )
2.SHGC for Solar Control (or SF or Shading Coefficient x 0.87 Lower value means less solar heat gained inside the building from sun shining on the window)
3.U-Factor for thermal control(or U-Value, K Factor. Conversion: 1Btu/hr.sq.ft.°F = 5.68 Watt/sq.m.°KLower value means less heat flow by conduction from warm to cold)
WHAT TO DO:
1.Select Glass for appearance, daylight transmission, color, reflectivity, etc.
2. Add a Low Emissivity property, and add a light of glass, for better Solar control if a solar absorbing layer is present.
3. For better Thermal control add Low-E, and add a light of glass (double glazing)
Glass, Light, & Heat
The Flow of Visible and Invisible (Infrared) Energy from the Sun.
Energy is Either:
Transmitted
Glass
Absorbed
Reflected
Typical Glass Energy Characteristics
3mm monolithic CLEAR
8%
100%
6% Reflected Out
7% Absorbed (Emitted Out)
Total Rejected 13%
86% Transmitted In
1% Absorbed (Emitted In )
87% Total Admitted
INDOOR OUTDOOR
Solar Spectrum Terms
Visible Light Transmittance
Infrared (IR)
Percent of light in the visible spectrum transmitted through the glass Wavelength range of ~380 - 780 nanometers
Has a penetrating heat effect when radiated onto a transparent material. Short-wave IR converts to heat when absorbed by an object Wavelength of ~790 - 3000 nm
Ultraviolet (UV)Invisible to the human eye. Partially responsible for fading fabric materials over time, etc.Wavelength of ~300 - 380 nm
Architectural Glass Selection
Appearance vs. Performance
Clear
Tinted
Reflective
Match Materials
Complement Site
Comfort Level
Glare
Fading
Self-Cleaning
Fabrication Products
Heat Treated - Heat Strengthened - Tempered
Laminated
Insulated
Spandrel
1 2 3 4
Outboard Inboard(1” I.G.)
¼” Eclipse Advantage EverGreen,
coating on #2 surface
¼” Energy Advantage Low-E, coating on #3 surface
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High Performance Tints
Dark Grey™
Arctic Blue™
Emerald Green™
Coating Processes
“Hard Coat”Pyrolitic Coating
“Soft Coat”Sputter Coating
VS.
Pyrolytic Process
Durable
Temperable
Bendable Fabrication
friendly
Chemical VaporDeposition
Batch Sputtering Process
Soft Coat Process
Coating Processes
• Pyrolytic (“Hard Coat”)• Produced on-line• Enhanced performance• Post-temperable• Unlimited shelf life• Select product range• Inventoried
• Sputtered (“Soft Coat”)• Produced off-line• Enhanced performance• Limited shelf life• Wide range of products• Project driven
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PILKINGTON COATED GLASS
(Energy Efficient )
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Low-E Glass
Pilkington Energy Advantage™,Solar-E™ & Eclipse Advantage™
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How Low-E Coating Works
Low-E coating redirect radiant heat (long wave radiation) back toward the source
Heat moves from HOT COLD
In the Winter heat from the inside flows OUT
In the Summer heat from the outside flows IN
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Low Emissivity = Low U-Value
In Winter, inside heat flows Out
In Summer, heat from the outside flows In
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High Solar Heat Gain
Low Thermal Loss
Energy Advantage™ Low E
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Solar-E™ Low-E
Solar and Thermal control in a single pyrolytic surface
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Solar-E™ Low-E
Low Solar Heat Gain
Low Thermal Gain
Eclipse Advantage™
Architectural Community asked for:
Higher Visible Light Transmittance (more natural light) Color options Excellent Solar and Thermal control characteristics Reduced Glare Providing an element of privacy for occupants Readily available (inventoried locally, short lead times)
Next generation coating technology by Pilkington:
Combines multiple attributes into single coating: High visible light transmittance Excellent solar control (low SHGC) Good thermal control (low U-value) Subtle Reflectivity Pyrolytic coating (hard coat)
Eclipse Advantage™
• * 1” insulated unit, coating surface #2 Lower SHGC is better---reduced cooling costs
Eclipse Advantage™ Reflective Low-E
Solar Control (vs. Tinted IGU)
• Clear .70 .54• Grey .45 .33• Bronze .50 .38• Blue-Green .50 .38• Arctic Blue .40 .30• Evergreen .39 .29
COLOR SHGC SHGC – with Ecl.Adv
• * 1” insulated unit, coating surface #2, winter u-value Lower U-value is better---less heating/cooling costs, (comparison to tint or reflective with no low-E) U-value = 1/R-value
Thermal Control
• Clear .58 .35• Grey .58 .35• Bronze .58 .35• Blue-Green .58 .35• Arctic Blue .58 .35• Evergreen .58 .35
COLOR U-Value U-Value (Eclipse Advantage)
Eclipse Advantage™ Low-E
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New coating facility in Malaysia
Features & Benefits
• Medium solar control (low SHGC)
• Low Shading coefficient (SC)
• Subtle Reflectivity - privacy
• Pyrolytic coating (hard coat)
• Easy to handle
• Good glare control
• Air conditioning costs reduced
Reflite™ Reflective Glass
Project Photos
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Pilkington Solar-E™ Low-E
Central World Plaza – Bangkok, Thailand
Mulieris Tower, USA
Pilkington Arctic Blue™
Call Centre, Poland
Pilkington Emerald Green™
1 First Avenue,
Petaling Jaya
Pilkington Eclipse Advantage™ Evergreen
Davenport Skybridge, Iowa
Bahrain Financial Harbour
Pilkington Reflite™ Emerald Green & Arctic Blue
Kota Sentosa Commercial Centre, Kuching –Reflite™ Emerald Green
Management & Science University,Shah Alam – Reflite™ Arctic Blue
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Pilkington Activ™ Self-Cleaning Glass
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“What makes a glass self-cleaning?”
Pilkington Activ™ Self-Cleaning Glass
Pyrolytic Coating – Hard Coat
Photocatalytic Properties – Dirt Destroying
Hydrophyllic Properties – Water Sheeting
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Pilkington Activ™ Self-Cleaning Glass
Stephen May Hall, UK
Lacks Cancer CenterGrand Rapids, USA KLCC Canopy, Malaysia