age of absolutism chapter 17. extending spanish power charles v –king of spain –hapsburg empire...
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Age of Absolutism
Chapter 17
Extending Spanish Power
• Charles V– King of Spain– Hapsburg
Empire– Ruling Two
Empires– Constant
Warfare
Map of Hapsburg Empire
Phillip II
• Absolute Monarch
• Divine Right
Wars of Phillip II
• Battle of Lepanto– Defeats the
Ottomans
• Battled Protestants in Netherlands– Northern
Provinces Declare Independence
• Queen Elizabeth I– Spanish Armada
Spain’s Golden Age
• siglo de oro• Golden Century• 1550-1650• Phillip II a Patron of the Arts
Painters in Spain
• El Greco– “The Greek”– Jesus driving
the moneychangers from the Temple
• Diego Velazquez– Las Marinas
Writers
• Lope de Vega– 1,500 plays
• Miguel de Cervantes– Don Quixote
Economic Decline
• Lack of Strong Leadership
• Economic Problems– Overseas Wars– Neglect of Farming
and Commerce– Expulsion of
Muslims and Jews– Soaring Inflation
France under Louis XIV
• Rebuilding France– Religious Wars
• Huguenots v. Catholics
– Edict of Nantes• Henry IV
– Foundations of Royal Absolutism
• Centralized Power
• Bureaucracy
Louis XIV Strengthens Royal Power
• Henry IV Assassinated
• Louis XIII– Richelieu
• “L’etat, c’est moi”– “I am the State”
• Did not call Estates General
• Intendants• Strongest Army in
Europe
Successes of Louis XIV
• Royal Power• French Army
Strongest in Europe
• Wealthiest State– Versailles
• Arts Flourished
Failures of Louis XIV
• Costly Wars• Rival Rulers
Joined Forces• Persecution of
Huguenots– Revoked Edict
of Nantes– Forced To Flee – Economic Blow
Triumph of Parliament in England
• The Tudors– Divine Right– Recognized Power
of Parliament• Henry VIII
– When he broke with church, needed to go to parliament to get money
• Elizabeth I– Consulted and
controlled parliament
The Stuarts
• Divine Right• Clashed with
Parliament• James I
– Dissolved Parliament
– Collected Taxes on his own
• Charles I– Ignored Petition of
Right– Dissolved
Parliament– Ruled w/o for 11
years
English Civil War
• Supporters of Charles I-Cavaliers • Forces of Parliament/Oliver Cromwell-Roundheads• Charles on Trial• House of Commons• Cromwell-Lord Protector• Charles II
Glorious Revolution
• James II-Catholic?
• William and Mary
• Bill of Rights• Limited
Monarchy
Rise of Austria and Prussia
Protestant North and Catholic South
Thirty Years’ War
• Causes– Rival German Princes– Religion
• Local conflict turns into a European War
Results of the Thirty Years’ War
• The Peace of Westphalia• Depopulation• France• The Hapsburgs• Germany Divided Again• The Netherlands and present-day Switzerland
Peace of Westphalia
Austria and Prussia
• Austria– Hapsburgs-HRE– Uniting the
Empire?– Maria Theresa
• Prussia– Hohenzollern
Family• Efficient
Bureaucracy• Reduced Nobles
Role• Frederick William
I– Army
• Frederick II
Maintaining the Balance of Power in Europe
• Austria, Prussia, France, England and Russia
• Two Rivalries• Prussia battled Austria• Britain and France
Europe in 17th century
Absolute Monarchy in Russia
• Peter the Great– Westernization– Boyars– Western
Technology and Culture
– Autocratic Methods
– Spread of Serfdom
Expansion under Peter
• Warm Water Port
• Baltic Sea• Treaty with
Qing• Bering Strait
Map of Russian Territory in Asia
Map of Bering’s Voyage
Catherine the Great
• Czar Peter III-Insane-Assassinated• Catherine-Wife-Takes over• Reorganized the Provincial Govt.• Warm-Water Port• Partition of Poland