Against the Odds. Reversing desertification in Arid and Semi-Arid lands.

Tony Rinaudo Research & Development Advisor,

Natural Resources, World Vision Australia.

Niger Republic, West Africa, 1980’s

Niger Republic,1984, famine

Futile tree planting efforts

The underground forest revealed.

?

FMNR: Systematic regeneration of trees from living tree stump, roots and seedls

Select desired tree stumps and for each

stump, choose number of (tallest and

straightest stems to leave

Remove unwanted stems

and side branches

Cull emerging new stems and

prune side branches from

time to time

Regeneration of trees from existing stumps year 1st

2 to 4 years regrowth

From small beginnings Wood Markets ‘sprung up’

Greater crop resilience to drought. Increased availability of fodder.

Crop yields doubled Crop yield: No FMNR

Crop yield: with FMNR

Crop yields and livestock production increased

Biodiversity returned

Galma, Niger Republic in 1975 and 2003

1975 2003

5 million hectares in a 20 year period = 250,000 ha/yr = only country in Africa experiencing net afforestation. Occurring almost totally with no government or NGO assistance.

2003

14

"This is probably the largest positive environmental transformation in the Sahel and perhaps in all of Africa.“ Chris Reij, Geographer, FMNR campaigner.

Impact on climate change mitigation: Over the past 10 years the utilization of FMNR in Niger has resulted in the sequestration of ~ 100-200 million tonnes of CO2-e (~ an additional 40 tonnes/ha above baseline). Impact on climate change adaptation: Income ~ $200/year additional income/HH = Maradi district alone ~US $17 – 23 million p.a. Food - additional 500,000 tons of grain/year = requirements of 2.5 million people Impact on Resilience/Adaptation “Despite severe famine, farmers practicing FMNR did not need food assistance [...] (they) were able to meet their own needs through selling firewood and non timber forest products” Source: WV report 2004

Impact of FMNR

Where is the practice of FMNR possible?

“We are too much happy.”

Left: Hailu Tefera with four year old FMNR trees. WVE Community Managed Natural Regeneration Project. Near Soddo, SNNP Region, S-W Ethiopia

Right 18 Months growth

East Sumba, Indonesia.

Illéla, Niger Republic, 1984

Planting pits and half moons used to rehabilitate degraded land (1990)

Illéla, Niger Republic, 2004

This gift of FMNR is from the Almighty God and therefore anywhere you visit you bring life and joy. Chief of Yameriga (Yamdaan Zimbil Longmoare)

Food

Climate Change

Energy

Natural Resources

Acacia saligna injera bread, Ethiopia.

2013

2013

2012

2014

2014 2012

Tentative Schedule for global FMNR promotion.

Facilitation Awareness creation Training Fire prevention and control plan

Create an enabling environment: Freedom to utilize trees Make marketing of wood, charcoal & NTFPs legal New all-stakeholder FMNR by-laws Remodel cooperatives or farmers groups to manage FMNR

What is needed to create an FMNR Movement?

What will you do in your capacity to spread FMNR?

Tony Rinaudo R & D Advisor, Natural Resources World Vision Australia tony.rinaudo@worldvision.com.au

Slide Number 1Slide Number 2Slide Number 3Slide Number 4Slide Number 5Slide Number 6Slide Number 7Slide Number 8Slide Number 9Slide Number 10Slide Number 11Slide Number 12Slide Number 13Slide Number 14Slide Number 15Slide Number 16Slide Number 17Slide Number 18Slide Number 19Slide Number 20Slide Number 21Slide Number 22Galma, Niger Republic in 1975 and 2003 Slide Number 24Slide Number 25Slide Number 26Slide Number 27Slide Number 28Slide Number 29Slide Number 30Slide Number 31Slide Number 32Slide Number 33Slide Number 34Slide Number 35Slide Number 36Illéla, Niger Republic, 1984Planting pits and half moons used to rehabilitate degraded land (1990)Illéla, Niger Republic, 2004Slide Number 40Slide Number 41Slide Number 42Slide Number 43Slide Number 44Slide Number 45Slide Number 46Slide Number 47Slide Number 48Slide Number 49Slide Number 50Slide Number 51Slide Number 52Slide Number 53Slide Number 54Slide Number 55Slide Number 56Slide Number 57Slide Number 58