ag projects sip thor sip infrastructure experts adrian georgescu sip thor cost-effective, highly...

AG Projects SIP ThorSIP infrastructure experts

Adrian Georgescu

SIP ThorCost-effective, highly scalable SIP core network

by Adrian Georgescu

Orange Labs, San FranciscoJuly 1st, 2010


Introduction

• My name is Adrian Georgescu

• Founder and CEO of AG Projects

• My business is the delivery of SIP infrastructure to operators

• We provide simple solutions for the complex problems of our customers

• 8 years in the SIP business


Adrian Georgescu

My open source portfolio

• OpenSIPS – SIP Proxy/Registrar

• OpenXCAP – Presence Policy Server

• MediaProxy – RTP media Relay

• MSRP Relay – IM media relay

• CDRTool – Mediation and Accounting

• Blink – State of the art SIP client


Adrian Georgescu

My story today

• Replacing IMS core with self organizing SIP networks based on P2P

• How to roll out a cost-effective country level infrastructure

• Lowering down the operational costs to ‘almost zero’


Adrian Georgescu

The danger of 99.9 %


Adrian Georgescu

An American company instructed their new Japanese supplier that the parts they have ordered should conform to US firm’s exacting quality standards - 99. 9% conformity with specification

Confused, but determined to comply, the Japanese firm deliberately shipped one faulty component with every 999 perfect ones.

A note accompanied the shipment stating that they were unsure why the customer wanted 0.1 per cent failure but they were happy to oblige.

From the book How to Move Minds and Influence Peopleby Iain Carruthers


Adrian Georgescu

Short history of PSTN

• PSTN is a centralized network where various elements are chained to provide one service: Voice

• The business model followed a “create and manage bottleneck” architecture inherited from the way the network was built (incremental)

• The need for cost effective growth and the possibility of introducing new services brought NGN into the picture


Adrian Georgescu

Motivation for migration to NGN

• Lower the operational expenditure by converging the data and voice networks into one single network (operational cost reduction)

• Increase the revenues by introducing new services beyond traditional voice services (roll-out new services)


Adrian Georgescu

The Next Generation Networks (NGN)

• NGN is a model proposed by ITU-T that aims to implement a a model similar to PSTN by using the Internet protocols

• Network is application aware

• Call Control functions reside in the network

• QoS is a matter of central control (to guarantee the 5 times 9)


Adrian Georgescu

ITU-T NGN architecture

Session & Call Control

Application A - 2: A pplication Gateway F E

NNI

Other NGN

other IP MM Network

(e.g. IMS)

T - 6 : Traffic Measurement F E

T - 3 : T.Network Access Process FE

T - 13 : Access Relay FE

T - 1 6 : T. Authentication

&Authorization FE

T - 18 : T. User Profile FE

Transport T - 6 : Traffic

Measurement F E

T - 1 : Core Packet Transport Function s

T - 8 : Transport Resource &

Enforcement FE T - 9 :

Access Border

Gateway F E

PSTN/ISDN

T - 17 : T.Network Access Control FE

T - 21: I - TRCF

Scope of NGN

S - 5 : Media GW Control F E

Internet

gement functions

T - 12 : Edge Node FE

T - 5 : T runk Media

Gateway F E T - 1 1 : Access Packet Transport F unctions

T - 8: MBS - FE T - b: Multicast

M BS FE T - a: MM - FE



T - 10 : Access Node FE

T - 4 : Access Media

Gateway F E

T - 2 : Packet

Gateway F E

T - 19: A - TRCF T - 20: C - TRCF


Enforcement FE

S - 3 : S. Authentication & Authorization F E S - 10 : Subscription

Locator FE

T - 15: PD FE

S - 9 : Breakout Gateway FE S - 8: Session Control

Proxy FE S - 7 : A ccess GW

Control F E

S - 1: Session Control FE

A - 1: Application Server F E (may include own Authentication, Authorization and Accounting)

S - 4 : Media Resource Control FE

UNI

Terminal Function s

IP address allocation Authentication Authorisation

Access net. config Location mgt.

NAAF IP address allocation

Authentication Authorisation




NAAF

T - 7 : Media

Resource Processing

FE

S - 2 : S. User Profile F E

Multimedia Service FE

T - 1 4 : S ignalling Gateway

F E

S - 6 : Packet GW Control F E

S - 11 : Interrogating Session Control FE

Picture provided by Richard Stastny


Adrian Georgescu

IMS, NGN solution for mobile networks

• IMS initially developed by 3GPP to replace the mobile networks

• Based on operator controlled, walled-garden Internet

• Based on the SIP protocol developed within IETF

• Internet protocols have been chosen for their efficiency while trying to maintain a closed network


Adrian Georgescu

3GPP IMS architecture

Picture contributed by Gonzalo Camarillo


Adrian Georgescu

IMS, NGN solution for fixed networks

• IMS was designed to implement an all-IP telecommunications environment for the fixed line operators too

• IMS supported also by ETSI (TISPAN) with its extensions for the fixed line networks (DSL/cable)

• Based again on an operator controlled, walled-garden Internet


Adrian Georgescu

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ETSI TISPAN IMS ArchitecturePicture provided by Richard Stastny


Adrian Georgescu

IMS is clogged with technical problems

• Follows a classic telephony design with chained components, enforcing resource scarcity

• End-to-end communication not possible between end-points

• Innovation possible and allowed only in the network core

• Complexity. 12 components with 22 interfaces (release 4), +30 interfaces in release 6


Adrian Georgescu

Why is IMS so complex?

• Decomposing devices into most granular functions and links

• Tracking and controlling end-user behavior for billing purposes

• The proliferation of boxes and protocols for the state management required for data tracking leads to cognitive overload but adds little value.

• Complexity is ugly


Adrian Georgescu

IMS deployment cost is prohibitive

• Cost of deployment

• Cost of maintenance, many components, boxes, links

• Development costs, services deployed only from the core

• Delivers for a huge cost less than your consumers got from Skype yesterday


Adrian Georgescu

The cost of walled gardens

• Telecom industry is definitely not known for its innovations

• Raising barriers cost money and returns nothing back

• By the time you finish raising up your walled garden, the customers are safely outside

• All innovation today is taking place on the public Internet


Adrian Georgescu

Internet is simple and simple is beautiful

• Internet is a simple network

• Internet services (called applications) are performed at the edge

• More CPU power on the edge, more applications available

• Increase of bandwidth eliminates the source of QoS problems

• Based on the end-to-end principle

Picture contributed by unknown lady


Adrian Georgescu

the end-to-end principle of the Internet

• Network is unaware of the applications, this makes it scalable

• Nothing should be done in the network that can be done in an end-system

• Quality of Service (QoS) is a matter of bandwidth availability and not of central control (RTT and packet loss)


Adrian Georgescu

Why do Internet business models flourish?

• Services are available on the edge, spread virally

• Internet is an “eat all you can” model with easy to bill flat-fee models

• New applications are rolled out faster at the edge

• Free services attract naturally large amount of users to premium services


Adrian Georgescu

Real-time communications over the Internet

1. SIP - Signaling protocol to setup and terminate sessions

2. ENUM - Translate telephone numbers into SIP addresses

3. Presence - enable applications beyond voice

4. RTP media for audio, video 5. MSRP media for IM and File

Transfer


Adrian Georgescu

P2P, scalable Internet applications are built based on it

• Widely known for file-sharing and IM applications

• P2P today accounts for more than 50% of the Internet traffic

• What P2P does, it creates an overlay network for a set of specific applications

• P2P provides actually a suite of technologies that solves today the problems of IMS


Adrian Georgescu

What is so special about P2P technology?

1. Join/Leave: Nodes may come and go at any time, the network topology reconfigures itself

2. Lookup: The network can locate deterministically the node that serves a specific user or service

3. Routing: The network can route a message regardless of network topology changes and without manual re-configuration


Adrian Georgescu

P2P solves the problem of the IMS, the cost

1. Self-organizing network (automatic disaster recovery)

2. Scalability limited by hardware

3. Cheap hardware resources in place of expensive servers

4. No idle components, all hardware assets are used

5. No need for monitoring, operations, engineering, planned maintenance


Adrian Georgescu

Take necessary functions from IMS



Adrian Georgescu

IMS design drastically optimized



Adrian Georgescu

Isolate the necessary core functions

1. SIP Proxy2. Media relay3. DNS/ENUM4. Voicemail5. Presence6. Profile database7. Accounting


Adrian Georgescu

Fold all services into a single box

A single commodity box today can easily handle 50K SIP subscribers and more than 2000 media sessions.


Adrian Georgescu

Play the hat-trick

Build a self-organizing overlay network by using Peer-to-Peer technology and use the IMS-in-a-box as nodes


Adrian Georgescu

Equal peers provide all functions


Adrian Georgescu

From complexity to common sense simplicity

Session & Call Control

Application A - 2: A pplication Gateway F E

NNI

Other NGN

other IP MM Network

(e.g. IMS)

T - 6 : Traffic Measurement F E

T - 3 : T.Network Access Process FE

T - 13 : Access Relay FE

T - 1 6 : T. Authentication

&Authorization FE

T - 18 : T. User Profile FE

Transport T - 6 : Traffic

Measurement F E

T - 1 : Core Packet Transport Function s


Enforcement FE T - 9 :

Access Border

Gateway F E

PSTN/ISDN

T - 17 : T.Network Access Control FE

T - 21: I - TRCF

Scope of NGN

S - 5 : Media GW Control F E

Internet

gement functions

T - 12 : Edge Node FE

T - 5 : T runk Media

Gateway F E T - 1 1 : Access Packet Transport F unctions





T - 10 : Access Node FE

T - 4 : Access Media

Gateway F E

T - 2 : Packet

Gateway F E

T - 19: A - TRCF T - 20: C - TRCF


Enforcement FE

S - 3 : S. Authentication & Authorization F E S - 10 : Subscription

Locator FE

T - 15: PD FE

S - 9 : Breakout Gateway FE S - 8: Session Control

Proxy FE S - 7 : A ccess GW

Control F E

S - 1: Session Control FE

A - 1: Application Server F E (may include own Authentication, Authorization and Accounting)

S - 4 : Media Resource Control FE

UNI

Terminal Function s



NAAF IP address allocation

Authentication Authorisation




NAAF

T - 7 : Media

Resource Processing

FE

S - 2 : S. User Profile F E

Multimedia Service FE

T - 1 4 : S ignalling Gateway

F E

S - 6 : Packet GW Control F E

S - 11 : Interrogating Session Control FE


Adrian Georgescu


Adrian Georgescu

SIP Thor technology

1. Follows the same design as MapReduce (Google) and Amazon EC2 (Dynamo)

2. First design that applied P2P on SIP core networks3. No need for managing the infrastructure (just

monitor if available resources > required capacity)4. Adding a new server = Pizza-delivery, DHL can do

it


Adrian Georgescu

SIP Thor deployment status today

1. Development, then trials and bug fixes for 2 years2. Two commercial deployments today (Cable and

Fiber) 3. Free SIP service SIP2SIP.info4. Reliable enough for a Tier 1 deployment scenario5. To put it more simply, it works.


Adrian Georgescu

Contact Information

Thank you,

You may contact me at:[email protected]://ag-projects.com

ag projects sip thor sip infrastructure experts adrian georgescu sip thor cost-effective, highly...

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