The crisis of Kingshipthe Wars of the Roses

Lisanna TälliX ATPL

After the 100 years war: English nobelmen returned to

England; Soldiers became unemployed; They knew no craft but fighting; Lancastrians and Yorkists.

Richard II 1377 became king; Under the control of his uncle John,

duke of Lancaster; Henry IV; The son of Edmund, Duke of York Richard had no children; Henry IV took the crown by force Richard died mysteriously.

Henry IV Won the support of other

powerful nobles; Took the crown by force; Established his royal

authority; Passed the crown to his son

Henry V.

Henry V One of England`s favourite

kings; Was king from 1413 until 1422; Henry was a cold and ruthless

soldier, respected by contemporaries as a chivalric warrior.

The “Lancastrians”

Henry VI

The “Yorkists”

The duke of York

The Wars of the Roses

1455 the war began – the battle of Saint Albans;

6 years later the York forces crushed the Lancaster army;

Edward of York became king as Edward IV;

Edward V succeeded him at the age of 12.

Richard III Richard, the duke of Gloucester; Had killed Edward and his little

brother; Was king of England for 2 years; Until his death in 1485 during the

battle of Bosworth; The last king of the house of York; The last of the Plantagenet dynasty.

The battle of Bosworth Field: The decisive battle of the Wars of the

Roses; The end of the Middle Ages in

England.

Henry VII

Henry Tudor defeated the royal army;

Was crowned King Henry VII; The first ruler of the Tudor

dynasty; Married Edward IV`s daughter

Elizabeth; United the rival houses of

Lancaster and York.

Richard III`s quotation “A horse, a horse! My kingdom for a horse” from Shakespeare`s tragedy Richard III;

Is now repeated when sb is in need of some unimportant item.

Thank you for listening!