african trading kingdoms
DESCRIPTION
Repost of: http://www.slideshare.net/melissy516TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: African trading kingdoms](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061618/55587af2d8b42a5d328b47b3/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Trading States and Kingdoms
of Africa
Pre-colonial African
civilizations
![Page 2: African trading kingdoms](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061618/55587af2d8b42a5d328b47b3/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Kingdoms of West
Africa
Why did powerful kingdoms emerge in
West Africa?
![Page 3: African trading kingdoms](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061618/55587af2d8b42a5d328b47b3/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The Salt-Gold Trade
• Trans-Saharan trade - scarcity
• N. Africa- salt• W. Africa – gold• strong trading
kingdoms emerge in W. Africa
![Page 4: African trading kingdoms](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061618/55587af2d8b42a5d328b47b3/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The Empire of Ghana
• Soninke – founders; controlled gold south of Ghana
• “middlemen” of salt-gold trade
• armed with iron tipped weapons
Modern day Ghana
![Page 5: African trading kingdoms](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061618/55587af2d8b42a5d328b47b3/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
• Welcomed Berbers (merchants from Northern edge of Sahara) who brought back gold to N. Africa
• Became wealthy from TAXING the TRADE
![Page 6: African trading kingdoms](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061618/55587af2d8b42a5d328b47b3/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
During the Middle Ages: 6th-16th
![Page 7: African trading kingdoms](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061618/55587af2d8b42a5d328b47b3/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
The Empire of MaliInvasion and Fall of Ghana• Berbers from the North
captured Ghana, then split into smaller states
• Mandingo farmers took advantage of weakness and est. empire of Mali
• Sundiata = first ruler
![Page 8: African trading kingdoms](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061618/55587af2d8b42a5d328b47b3/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Mansa Musa• Increased empire’s
wealth (captured salt mines)
• Est. a SECURE empire• Adopted ISLAM – hajj to
Mecca made Mali famous and increased contact between the Middle East, N. Africa and West AfricaMansa = emperor
![Page 9: African trading kingdoms](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061618/55587af2d8b42a5d328b47b3/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Effects of Mansa Musa’s Hajj• Based system of justice on
Koran• Built mosques• Schools/libraries - people
could study Qu’ran, other Islamic writings
• Literally put Mali on the map• Europeans began to search
West Africa for source of Mali’s riches
![Page 10: African trading kingdoms](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061618/55587af2d8b42a5d328b47b3/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
University of Timbuktu
Sankore University
![Page 11: African trading kingdoms](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061618/55587af2d8b42a5d328b47b3/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Islamization of Mali
By the fourteenth century, Muslim traders were established in the town of Djenne, located in the inland delta of the Niger. The most impressive monument of intercultural borrowing is the Friday Mosque at Djenne. There, salt from the Sahara, goods from northern Africa and fine silks were exchanged for gold, and ivory. The monumental mosque was constructed around 1320 (the present building was reconstructed on the foundation of the original mosque in 1907).
![Page 12: African trading kingdoms](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061618/55587af2d8b42a5d328b47b3/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Timbuktu: City of Legends• Crossroads of trade between
Arabia, N. Africa and W. Africa
• Salt, gold, and kola nuts passed through
• MM built the Grand Mosque which attracted
Muslim scholars• Intellectual and spiritual
center of Africa
![Page 13: African trading kingdoms](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061618/55587af2d8b42a5d328b47b3/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
The Grand Mosque (Timbuktu)
![Page 14: African trading kingdoms](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061618/55587af2d8b42a5d328b47b3/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Rise of Songhai• Sunni Ali captured Gao
and Timbuktu• Askia Muhammad
followed Islam – made Timbuktu center of learning
• Moroccan soldiers overpowered Songhai warriors’ spears and arrows with guns and cannons
![Page 15: African trading kingdoms](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061618/55587af2d8b42a5d328b47b3/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Askia Muhammad
(Askia the Great)
Timbuktu became known as "The
Center of Learning," and
"The Mecca of the Sudan"
![Page 16: African trading kingdoms](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061618/55587af2d8b42a5d328b47b3/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
What factors allowed for the emergence of trading city-states in East Africa?
• Location– Indian Ocean (monsoon
winds)– Access to Middle East,
India, far East• Access to raw materials
(exports from the interior) – gold, ivory, slaves, etc.
• Spread of Islam
![Page 17: African trading kingdoms](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061618/55587af2d8b42a5d328b47b3/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
East Africa: KilwaMonsoon winds
Cultural Diffusion
Pd 1 – Jan 10, 2007
Swahili – blend of Bantu (African) and Arab language/culture
![Page 18: African trading kingdoms](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061618/55587af2d8b42a5d328b47b3/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Southeastern Africa: ZIMBABWE
![Page 19: African trading kingdoms](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061618/55587af2d8b42a5d328b47b3/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Zimbabwe “stone dwelling”
10th century walls – 36 ft. high/20 ft. thick – Europeans didn’t believe Africans did this!
![Page 20: African trading kingdoms](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061618/55587af2d8b42a5d328b47b3/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Ibn Battuta
Where did Ibn Battuta travel? How did his travels differ from those of Marco Polo?
![Page 21: African trading kingdoms](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061618/55587af2d8b42a5d328b47b3/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Trading States and Kingdoms
of Africa
Pre-colonial African
civilizations
![Page 22: African trading kingdoms](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061618/55587af2d8b42a5d328b47b3/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
• In your group create a rap or a skit that addresses the following questions:– How did empires/city states in Africa become rich?– How did trade affect the lives of people in E. and W.
Africa?
The more THOROUGH details you use from your notes, the more points you will earn.
STELLAR = 20 pointsSo-so = 10 points, and so on…
**UNDERLINE all facts in your rap/skit
![Page 23: African trading kingdoms](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061618/55587af2d8b42a5d328b47b3/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Bronzes of Benin/IfeBronzes (Brass) casts using the “Lost Wax Process”