SENEGAL

M O R

M A U R I T A N I A

G U I N E A

COTE

D'IVOIRE

Western

Sahara

GAMBIA

SIERRA LEONE

LIBERIA

GUINEA-BISSAU

CAPE

VERDE

ATLANTIC

OCEAN

A T L A N T I C

Madeira(Portugal)

Canary Islands(Spain)

Ascension (UK)

Saint Helena (UK)

Boundary claimedby Western Sahara

Equator

Tropic of Capricorn

Tropic of Cancer

Abidjan

Yamoussoukro

Freetown

Dakar

Rabat

Nouakchott

Bamako

Monrovia

Bissau

Conakry

Banjul

Marrakesh

Casablanca

Bouake

Bobo Dioulasso

Las Palmas

Kaolack

Safi

Laayoune

SegouDjenne

Funchal

Kankan

Praia

10°W

10°W

20°W

20°W30°W

30°W

30°N

20°N

10°N

0°

10°S

20°S

30°S

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

A B C

A B C

1:35 000 000

Lambert Azimuthal Equidistant Projection

1 centimetre on the map represents350 kilometres on the ground.

0 500 1000 1500

kilometres

126

Largest country: Algeria 2 381 741 sq km (D7)

Smallest country: Seychelles 455 sq km (J4)

Largest population: Nigeria 162 470 737 (E5)

Smallest population: Seychelles 86 000 (J4)

Highest population density: Mauritius 631 people per sq km (J2)

Lowest population density: Namibia 3.0 people per sq km (F2)

Richest country (GDP per capita): Equatorial Guinea US$27 478 (F5)

Poorest country (GDP per capita): Democratic Republic of Congo US$231 (G4)

GEOFACTS

1 Olduvai Gorge (H4)

This steep-sided ravine in northern Tanzania has yielded fossil evidence of the earliest humans and their tools, dating back 1.7 million years.

2 Great Pyramid of Giza (H7)

Built around 2580 BC, the Great Pyramid of Giza is the only one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World that remains today. It is made up of more than two million granite blocks, each weighing 2.5 tonnes. ▼

Largest countr

G

AMAZING PLACES

1 Olduvai Gorge

A

Africa: human

features

Djenne

4

20000 4000 km

100 to 200

Over 200

20 to 100

1 to 20

Under 1

People per

square kilometre

Over 5 000 000

1 000 000 to 5 000 000

500 000 to 1 000 000

100 000 to 500 000

Under 100 000

Urban population

Intensive cultivation

Horticulture andvineyards

Specialised farming

Commercial crops andlivestock farming

Sedentary cultivation

Shifting cultivation

Subsistence crops andlivestock farming

Livestock farming

Nomadic herding

Little or limited use

3 Temple of Karnak (H7)

The world’s largest temple, near Luxor on the Nile River, was built around 1250 BC.

4 Djenne, Mali (D6)

On an island in the Bam River in Mali is Djenne, an ancient centre of trade and Islamic learning. Djenne’s Great Mosque is the world’s largest mud-brick building. ▼

100 to 500

Under 100

Gross domestic product,2011 estimate (US$ billions)

POPULATIONAAAAAAAAAAAA

AGRICULTUREBBBBBBBBBBBB

GDPCCCCCCCCCCCCJaca

randa

Pag

e Proo

fs

Y E M E N

T U R K E Y

S O U T H A F R I C A

ZIMBABWE

Z A M B I A

UGANDA

TUNISIA

T A N Z A N I A

SY RI A

S U D A N

SOMALIA

S A U D I

A R A B I A

PAKIS TAN

O M A N

N I G E R I A

N I G E R

N A M I B I A

MOZAMBIQUE

O C C O

M A L I

MADAGASCAR

L I B Y A

K E N Y A

IRAQ I R A N

GHANA

GABON

E T H I O P I A

E G Y P T

E

D E M O C R A T I C

R E P U B L I C

O F T H E C O N G O

C H A D

C E N T R A L A FR I C A N

R E P U BL I C

CAMEROON

BURKINA

FASO

B O T S W A N A

BENIN

A N G O L A

A L G E R I A

AFGHANISTAN

S PA I N

COMOROS

ITALY

UNITED

ARAB

EMIRATES

TOGO

SWAZILAND

SEYCHELLES

SAO TOME

AND PRINCIPE

RWANDA

QATAR

MAURITIUS

MALTA

MAL AWI

LESOTHO

LEBANON

KUWAITJORDAN

ISRAEL

GREECE

ERITREA

EQUATORIAL

GUINEA

DJIBOUTI

CYPRUS

CONGO

BURUNDI

BAHRAIN

S O U T H

S U D A N

Moza

mbiq

ue C

han

nel

I N D I A N

O C E A N

O C E A N

M E D I T E R R A N E A N S E A

A R A B I A N

S E A

RE

D

SE

A

Gulf of Guinea

Pers ian Gu l f

(A rab ian Gu l f )

Gu l f o f Oman

Sicily

Socotra

Principe

Sao Tome

Crete

Reunion(France)

Mayotte(France)

EtoshaPan Makgadikgadi

Pans

LakeTana

LakeTanganyika

LakeChad

Lake Malawi

LakeVictoria

LakeNasser

Boundary claimed

by South Sudan

Boundary claimed

by South Sudan

Boundary claimed

by Sudan

Equator

Tropic of Capricorn

Tropic of Cancer

Porto-Novo

Gaborone

Ouagadougou

Bujumbura

YaoundeBangui

N'Djamena

Moroni

Luanda

Brazzaville

Djibouti

Bloemfontein

Kinshasa

Algiers

Harare

Lusaka

Kampala

Tunis

Lome

Dodoma

Dar es Salaam

Lobamba

Khartoum

Pretoria

Cape Town

Hargeysa

Mogadishu

Victoria

Sao Tome

Kigali

Abuja

Lagos

Niamey

Windhoek

Maputo

Port Louis

Lilongwe

Antananarivo

Tripoli

Maseru

Nairobi

Accra

Libreville

Addis Ababa

Asmara

Malabo

Cairo

MbabaneJohannesburg

Kano

Oran

Durban

Port Harcourt

Ibadan

Fez

Blantyre

Asyut

Alexandria

Giza

Mbuji-Mayi

Kaduna

Maiduguri

Benghazi

Mombasa

Port Said

Luxor

El Faiyum

Suez

Pointe-Noire

Kisangani

Lubumbashi

KanangaKikwit

AnnabaConstantine

Bulawayo

Port Elizabeth

GarouaDire Dawa

Mekele

Bahir Dar

Gonder

Aswan

Kolwezi

Moundou

Huambo

Maroua

Benguela

Namibe

Sousse

Mwanza

Zanzibar

Mbeya

El Obeid

Juba

Geneina

Kassala

Wau

Niyala

Port Sudan

East London

Berbera

Ogbomosho

Agadez

ZinderMaradi

Quelimane

Nampula

Beira

Nacala

Oujda

Timbuktu

Fianarantsoa

Misratah

Port-Gentil

Morogoro

Matadi

Cueta (Spain)

Melilla(Spain)

Mahajanga

70°E

60°E

60°E

50°E

50°E

40°E

40°E

30°E

30°E

20°E

20°E

10°E

10°E

0°

0°

70°E

30°N

20°N

10°N

0°

10°S

20°S

30°S

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

D

D

E F G H I J K L

E F G H I J K L

Key

Afric

a: h

um

an

fea

ture

sEX

PLO

RIN

G P

LA

CES

127

Cair Cair Cair Cair2

LakeLake

3

1

NIGER

Country border

Country name

Country capital

Dependency

Lake

Reunion(France)

River

Disputed borderReef

Major road

Major railway

500 000 to 1 000 000 peoplePort Elizabeth

1 000 000 to 5 000 000 peopleAsyut

Over 5 000 000 peopleKano

100 000 to 500 000 peopleEast London

Jaca

randa

Pag

e Proo

fs