africa hiv/aids aids data
DESCRIPTION
AFRICA HIV/AIDS AIDS DATA. SOURCE: UNAIDS 2007 REPORT WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION. A global view of HIV infection 33 million people [ 30–36 million ] living with HIV, 2007. 2.2. HIV prevalence (%) in adults in Africa, 2007. 2.8. Ghana. 1950. 2007. 100+. Male. Female. Male. Female. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
AFRICAHIV/AIDS AIDS DATA
SOURCE:UNAIDS 2007 REPORT
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
A global view of HIV infection33 million people [30–36 million] living with HIV, 2007
2.2
HIV prevalence (%) in adults in Africa, 2007
2.8
Changes in population structure: Ghana and Lesotho
2.12
1950 2007Ghana
1950 2007Lesotho
10 5 0 5 10 10 5 0 5 10Percentage Percentage
Age
Male Female Male Female100+
80
60
40
20
0
Age
10 5 0 5 10 10 5 0 5 10Percentage Percentage
Male Female Male Female100+
80
60
40
20
0
Source: Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2006 Revision, http://esa.un.org/unpp
2a
COUNTRY
Time period for which
prevalence data were available
Prevalence trenda
Percent of young people (15–19
years) having had sex before age 15b
Proportion having sex with more than one partner in the
last 12 monthsc
Condom use during last sex
among those with more than one
partner in the last 12 monthsd
Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males
ANGOLAa ID IDBAHAMAS
BENINb 2000–2006 * ↔ ↔ * * BOTSWANA 2001–2006 * *BURKINA FASO 2000–2006 * * * * * ↔ *BURUNDI 1999–2004 ↔ *CAMEROONa ID ID * * * * * *CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLICb CHADa ID ID * * CONGOa ID IDCÔTE d’IVOIRE 2000–2004 * ID * * * * ↔DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGOa ID ID
Analysis of trends among 15–24-year-olds in high prevalence countries(all countries with national prevalence that exceeded 3% and 4 additional countries in Africa with notable prevalence levels):
HIV prevalence among pregnant women (2000–2007) in sentinel surveillance systems, and selected sexual behaviours among women and men (1994–2007) from national surveys
NOTES: [1] Highlighted cells indicate positive trends in prevalence or behaviour. [2]* Consistent sites only were used in the analysis of change in HIV prevalence over time, for a minimum of three years. Significance test based on H0: slope =0
LEGEND: [a] Prevalence obtained from pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in selected. [b] Among 15–19 years olds, proportion reported having had sex by age 15. Analyses based on DHS, MICS or national surveys conducted between 1990 and 2007. [c] Among 15–24 years olds, proportion reported having had sex with more than one partner in the last 12 months. Analyses based on data from repeat DHS or national surveys conducted between 1990 and 2007. [d] Among 15–24 years olds, proportion of those with more than one partner reporting having used a condom the last time they had sex. Analyses based on data from repeat DHS or national surveys conducted between 1990 and 2007. [] Observed increase in HIV prevalence or behaviour. [] Observed decrease in HIV prevalence or behaviour. [*] Statistically significant decrease in HIV prevalence of more than 25% or significant decrease in measured behavioural indicator. Analysis of prevalence based on regression analysis; analysis of behaviour based on Chi-square or Chi-square test for trend. [*] Statistically significant increase in measured behavioural indicator. Analysis of behaviour based on Chi-square or Chi-square test for trend. [↔] No evidence of change. [ID] Insufficient data, i.e. less than three years of data received.
FIRST OF 3 PARTS:
2b
COUNTRY
Time period for which
prevalence data were available
Prevalence trenda
Percent of young people (15–19
years) having had sex before age 15b
Proportion having sex with more than one partner in the last 12 monthsc
Condom use during last sex
among those with more than one
partner in the last 12 monthsd
Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males
DJIBOUTIb ETHIOPIAb * * * * GABONb GAMBIAb GHANAb * * ↔ ↔ * HAITIb * * *KENYA 2000–2005 * * ↔ ↔ * * *LESOTHOa 2003–2007 ↔ LIBERIAb MALAWIe 1999–2005 * ↔ * * * ↔ MOZAMBIQUEf 2000–2007 ↔ ↔ *NAMIBIA 2002–2006 ↔ * ↔ * *
Analysis of trends among 15–24-year-olds in high prevalence countries(all countries with national prevalence that exceeded 3% and 4 additional countries in Africa with notable prevalence levels):
HIV prevalence among pregnant women (2000–2007) in sentinel surveillance systems, and selected sexual behaviours among women and men (1994–2007) from national surveys
NOTES: [1] Highlighted cells indicate positive trends in prevalence or behaviour. [2]* Consistent sites only were used in the analysis of change in HIV prevalence over time, for a minimum of three years. Significance test based on H0: slope =0
LEGEND: [a] Prevalence obtained from pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in selected. [b] Among 15–19 years olds, proportion reported having had sex by age 15. Analyses based on DHS, MICS or national surveys conducted between 1990 and 2007. [c] Among 15–24 years olds, proportion reported having had sex with more than one partner in the last 12 months. Analyses based on data from repeat DHS or national surveys conducted between 1990 and 2007. [d] Among 15–24 years olds, proportion of those with more than one partner reporting having used a condom the last time they had sex. Analyses based on data from repeat DHS or national surveys conducted between 1990 and 2007. [] Observed increase in HIV prevalence or behaviour. [] Observed decrease in HIV prevalence or behaviour. [*] Statistically significant decrease in HIV prevalence of more than 25% or significant decrease in measured behavioural indicator. Analysis of prevalence based on regression analysis; analysis of behaviour based on Chi-square or Chi-square test for trend. [*] Statistically significant increase in measured behavioural indicator. Analysis of behaviour based on Chi-square or Chi-square test for trend. [↔] No evidence of change. [e] Semi-urban and urban areas were combined in analysis of urban data. [f] Analysis in Mozambique combined for South, North and Central.
SECOND OF 3 PARTS:
2c
COUNTRY
Time period for which
prevalence data were available
Prevalence trenda
Percent of young people (15–19
years) having had sex before age 15b
Proportion having sex with more than one partner in the last 12 monthsc
Condom use during last sex
among those with more than one
partner in the last 12 monthsd
Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males
NIGERIAa RWANDA 1998–2003 ND * * * SIERRA LEONEa ID IDSOUTH AFRICAg 2000–2006 ↔ * ↔SUDANa SWAZILAND 2002–2006 TOGOa UGANDAb * ↔ ↔ * *UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA 2000–2006 ↔ ↔ * * * * *ZAMBIAh 1998–2004 ↔ * * * * ZIMBABWE 2000–2004 * ↔ * * * ↔ ↔
Analysis of trends among 15–24-year-olds in high prevalence countries(all countries with national prevalence that exceeded 3% and 4 additional countries in Africa with notable prevalence levels):
HIV prevalence among pregnant women (2000–2007) in sentinel surveillance systems, and selected sexual behaviours among women and men (1994–2007) from national surveys
NOTES: [1] Highlighted cells indicate positive trends in prevalence or behaviour. [2]* Consistent sites only were used in the analysis of change in HIV prevalence over time, for a minimum of three years. Significance test based on H0: slope =0
LEGEND: [a] Prevalence obtained from pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in selected. [b] Among 15–19 years olds, proportion reported having had sex by age 15. Analyses based on DHS, MICS or national surveys conducted between 1990 and 2007. [c] Among 15–24 years olds, proportion reported having had sex with more than one partner in the last 12 months. Analyses based on data from repeat DHS or national surveys conducted between 1990 and 2007. [d] Among 15–24 years olds, proportion of those with more than one partner reporting having used a condom the last time they had sex. Analyses based on data from repeat DHS or national surveys conducted between 1990 and 2007. [] Observed increase in HIV prevalence or behaviour. [] Observed decrease in HIV prevalence or behaviour. [*] Statistically significant decrease in HIV prevalence of more than 25% or significant decrease in measured behavioural indicator. Analysis of prevalence based on regression analysis; analysis of behaviour based on Chi-square or Chi-square test for trend. [*] Statistically significant increase in measured behavioural indicator. Analysis of behaviour based on Chi-square or Chi-square test for trend. [↔] No evidence of change. [ID] Insufficient data, i.e. less than three years of data received. [ND] Data not received. [g] No data received in response to working group process; analyses based on data in South Africa surveillance report. [h] No data received in response to working group process; analyses based on data reported in Zambia 2005 surveillance report. Analysis based on urban and rural data combined.
LAST OF 3 PARTS:
Estimated number of people living with HIV and adult HIV prevalence
Global HIV epidemic, 1990–2007; and, HIV epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa, 1990–2007
Number of people living with HIV% HIV prevalence, adult (15–49)
% HIV prevalence, adult (15–49)
Number of peopleliving with HIV (millions)
% HIV prevalence, adult (15–49)
Number of peopleliving with HIV (millions)
These bars indicate the range around the estimate
NOTE: Even though the HIV prevalence stabilized in Sub-Saharan Africa, the actual number of people infected continues to grow because of ongoing new infections and increasing access to antiretroviral therapy.
Global HIV epidemic, 1990–2007 HIV epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa, 1990–2007
0
10
20
30
40
0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
1990 ‘91 ‘92 ‘93 ‘94 ‘95 ‘96 ‘97 ‘98 ‘992000 ‘01‘02 ‘03 ‘04 ‘05 ‘062007 1990 ‘91 ‘92 ‘93 ‘94 ‘95 ‘96 ‘97 ‘98 ‘992000 ‘01‘02 ‘03 ‘04 ‘05 ‘0620070
5
10
15
20
25
30
0
3.0
6.0
9.0
12.0
15.0
2.3
Percent of adults (15+) living with HIV who are female 1990–2007
2.4
Sub-Saharan Africa
GLOBAL
Caribbean
Asia
Latin America
Eastern Europe& Central Asia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1990 ‘91 ‘92 ‘93 ‘94 ‘95 ‘96 ‘97 ‘98 ‘99 2000 ‘01 ‘02 ‘03 ‘04 ‘05 ‘06 2007
Percentfemale(%)
Percentage of incident tuberculosis cases in people living with HIV receiving both antiretroviral
and anti-tuberculosis medications, 2007
5.7 Source: UNGASS data provided by countries, 2008.
Oceania(2)
(total number of UN member states in the region)
Caribbean(10)
East Asia(12)
EasternEurope
and Central
Asia(12)
Latin America(14)
North Africaand
Middle East(3)
GLOBAL(76)
South and
South-East Asia
(8)
Sub-Saharan
Africa(22)
Western and
Central Europe(3)
0
20
40
60
80
100
%
(Note: No data from North America)
6.2
HIV-Related Labour Costs
Source: Piot P et al. (2007). Squaring the Circle: AIDS, Poverty, and Human Development.
SECTOR COUNTRY NUMBER OFWORKERSIN SECTOR
ESTIMATEDHIVPREVALENCE(% of Adult Population)
COST PER AIDS DEATHS OR RETIREMENT (Multiple of Annual Compensation)
AGGREGATE ANNUAL COSTS (% of Labor Cost)
Retail South Africa 500 10.50 0.7 0.50 Agribusiness South Africa 700 23.70 1.1 0.70
Uganda 500 5.60 1.9 1.20 Kenya 22,000 10.00 1.1 1.00 Zambia 1,200 28.50 0.9 1.30
Manufacturing South Africa 1,300 14.00 1.2 1.10 Uganda 300 14.40 1.2 1.90 Ethiopia 1,500 5.30 0.9 0.60 Ethiopia 1,300 6.20 0.8 0.60
Media South Africa 3,600 10.20 1.3 1.30 Utility South Africa >25,000 11.70 4.7 2.20 Mining South Africa 600 23.60 1.4 2.40
Botswana 500 29.00 4.4 8.40 Tourism Zambia 350 36.80 3.6 10.80
Orphans due to AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa, from 2006 projected to 2015
6.4 Source: UNICEF, UNAIDS, WHO, 2008.
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Mill
ion
s
AIDS orphans_base
AIDS orphans scaled phase-up
AIDS orphans UA2010