affection and treatment of nose
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Affection and treatment of nose](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082815/55cf9ea3bb61ebd3728b4825/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Affection and treatment of Nose
Dr. Bikash PuriAssist. Professor
Nepal Polytechnic Institute, Chitwan
![Page 2: Affection and treatment of nose](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082815/55cf9ea3bb61ebd3728b4825/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Anatomy• Nose:
– comprises the planum nasale and nasal chambers. The nasolacrimal duct opens on the floor of
the nasal vestibule, just onside the nostril opening.
• Nostrils :
– are comma shaped opening into the planum nasale and act as important inlets for air during
breathing.
• Nasal cavity:
– It is divided into right and left fossae by nasal septum.
– Conchae are scroll like structures o soft bone or cartilage that fills the nasal cavity. The conchae
of caudal nasal cavity are called turbinates
• Blood supply:– Sphenoalatine and major palatine arteries and their branches vascularise the nasal cavity and
nose. These arteries are branches of the maxillary artery, a branch of the carotid artery.
![Page 3: Affection and treatment of nose](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082815/55cf9ea3bb61ebd3728b4825/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Nasal Polyps• Nasal polyps are non neoplastic pedunculated growths which causes
obstruction in the nasal passages
• It consist of loosely arranged fibrous tissue, covered by epithelium.
• Etiology:– Chronic inflammatory process associated with chronic irritation
due to infectious diseases. Examples: Nasal schistosomiasis, tuberculosis, actinomycosis and actinobacillosis or non living foreign bodies.
• Clinical Signs:– Nasal discharge, Sneezing; inspiratory dyspnea and stertor. – Restless ness and animal rub its nostrils against the ground.– In case of Bilateral obstruction mouth breathing is evident– Atrophy of turbinate.
![Page 4: Affection and treatment of nose](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082815/55cf9ea3bb61ebd3728b4825/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Treatment• Nasal polyps are usually attached to the lateral wall and rarely to the nasal septum
• It is corrected surgical excision at the base of the attachment (Rhinotomy)
• Procedure:
– Give incision through skin and cartilage on the dorsolateral aspect of the nostril (Provide adequate
space to extirpate the growth from the nasal cavity)
– Base of the growth is debrided and cauterized.
– Hemorrhage is controlled by plugging the nasal cavity with gauze impregnated with some
antiseptic
– Gauge should be changed after 48 hrs
– Trephining of the nasal bones is indicated for the removal of the growth when it extends upt o
caudal aspet of the nasal septum
– Tracheostomy facilitate surgical interventions.
![Page 5: Affection and treatment of nose](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082815/55cf9ea3bb61ebd3728b4825/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Atheroma• It is principally the disease of artery which literally means hardening.
• It is a sebaceous cyst occurring in the fossa nostrils of the equine.
• Signs:
– Cyst vary in size form a pigeons egg to a large chicken egg.
– The content may be watery in small cysts however the large cyst be filled with a thick greasy dark grey
materials.
• Diagnosis: By examination of nostrils
• Treatment:
– The signs over the cyst is prepared for the operation and tissue may be anaesthetized with local anesthetic
infiltration.
– The incision through the skin exposes the wall of the cysts
– The cyst wall should be separated from the surrounding tissue so that all of the wall can be removed.
– It is desirable to establish drainage into the nasal cavity.
– The edge of the skin incision may be united with closely placed interrupted sutures.
![Page 6: Affection and treatment of nose](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082815/55cf9ea3bb61ebd3728b4825/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Parasite in Nasal Chamber
• Linguatula senata and Pneumonyssus caninum occasionally cause
inflammation of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinus.
• The dog becomes infected by eating the viscera of herbivorous i.e sheep and
rabbit.
• Clinical Signs:
– In early stage- there is paroxymal sneezing and serous discharge.
– In chronic stage- the discharge is changed into purulent malodorous and streaked
with blood.
– Scratching the nose with paws.
![Page 7: Affection and treatment of nose](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082815/55cf9ea3bb61ebd3728b4825/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Treatment
• No known effective treatment but certain acaricide may be
recommended
• Some time surgical removal of parasite is also recommended.
![Page 8: Affection and treatment of nose](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082815/55cf9ea3bb61ebd3728b4825/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Necrosis of turbinates
• Commonly seen in horses, resulting from excessive pressure
on the turbinate's.
• Pressure is due to pus in the turbinate portion of the frontal
sinus or pus in the maxillary sinus.
• Treatment:– Give sedative or tranquilizer to the horse and block the maxillary
nerve locally.
– If having the facility of O2 delivery system use it and if not perform
tracheotomy.
![Page 9: Affection and treatment of nose](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082815/55cf9ea3bb61ebd3728b4825/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)