affect vs effect and foreign plurals

8/10/2019 Affect vs Effect and Foreign Plurals

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These three people are at very different stages of their careers. Which of themotivational factors below do you think would most influence them, and why?


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A bus driver in a

big city, who has towork irregular hours,including earlymorning, evening,and night shifts

A nurse who workswith seriously illchildren

A salesrepresentative for apharmaceuticalcompany, who visitshospitals and doctors

How would you attempt to motivate people with the following positions?


3/17

Commonly Confused Words: affec t /effect

First, notice how each word looks different fromthe other:

affect starts with a effect starts with e

Even though a should sound different from e, wepronounce these two words alike - / fekt/ vs./ifekt/. Therefore, we often have difficultydeciding which one to use in our writing.


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Affec t is always a VERB. Affec t means "to influence"or "to produce a change in."

e.g. Would you please outline the factors that have affected sales over the last 12 months.


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Effect is sometimes used as a VERB meaning to cause,to make, to carry out.

e.g. Payment will be effected on receipt of delivery.


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AFFECT / EFFECT1. I will try not to let his words (affect / effect) me.2. He tried in vain to (affect / effect) a different opinion inthe crowd.3. Jim was seriously (affected / effected) by his cousin'sdeath.4. Weather conditions (affect / effect) many people'smoods.5. Did the committee's vote (affect / effect) your positionon the matter?6. Crossing wire A to wire B will produce an explosive(affect / effect).

7. The major (affect / effect) of the storm wasdevastation everywhere.8. The politician wanted to (affect / effect) a change inthe system.9. That terrible accident had a profound (affect / effect) onmy driving.


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AFFECT / EFFECT

1. Your answer (not) ________ your grade on the test.2. Your answer will have no ________ on your grade onthe test.3. What he said to her ________ her deeply.4. The patient asked how the medication ____________her energy level.5. The speaker said that her organization wanted

_________ a major change in the party's platform.6. Joe talked with Janis, but his words has almost no

________on his friend's actions.7. One ________of the new lenses is my ability to readmore easily.8. The addition of sodium __________the chemicalstability of the solution.

9. The ________of the storm will not be clear for years.

WILL NOT AFFECT

EFFECT

AFFECTED

WOULD AFFECT

TO EFFECT

EFFECT

EFFECT

AFFECTS

EFFECTS


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Make corrections where needed.

1. Shelley had to affect great reductions in her expenses.1. Shelley had to effect great reductions in her expenses. 2. What do you suppose the effect of her resignation will

be?3. The changes had an enormous affect on production.

3. The changes had an enormous effect on production.4. The crisis has greatly affected our lifestyle.5. They were able to affect an increase in their savings.5. They were able to effect an increase in their savings. 6. Roberta has effected many improvements in office

procedures.7. The rainy weather had a bad affect on attendance at the

seminar.7. The rainy weather had a bad effect on attendance at the

seminar.


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8. The new personnel ruling does not affect my status. 9. The new director will reorganize the office and effect anumber of changes in personnel.

10. What she said had no affect on the boss.10. What she said had no effect on the boss. 11. I don't know why the cold air affects my skin.12. I hope to effect improvements in my work.13. The knowledge I gain from this course will effect myperformance.13. The knowledge I gain from this course will affect myperformance.14. The new schedule will take affect in October.14. The new schedule will take effect in October.15. The supervisor effected a reconciliation betweenHelen and John.16. The new law goes into affect tomorrow.16. The new law goes into effect tomorrow.


11/17

Insert the correct form of affect or effect :

Many factors __________ readability theease with which a particular piece of writingcan be read. For example, the distance betweenthe subject of the sentence and the verb canhave an __________ on readability, as cansentence and word length. Even the layout of adocument __________ how easily it can be

read. Can you suggest other factors that might __________ readability?

AFFECT

EFFECT

AFFECTS

AFFECT


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FOREIGN PLURALS

Some nouns of Latin or

Greek origin have irregular plural:

analys is analys es (L) [si:z]

bas is bas es (G)cris is cris es (G)hypothes is hypothes es (G)thes is thes es (G)

dat um dat a (L) [] medi um medi a (L)memorand um memorand a

appendi x - appendi ces

inde x indi ces (L)[si:z]

formul a - formul ae (L)larv a larv ae [i:]

criteri on criteri a (G)phenomen on phenomen a []

nucle us nucle i (L)stimul us stimul i [ai]


13/17

Some nouns with irregular plural have two forms ofplural, the original foreign one and English one. Insome cases the two plurals have differentmeanings :

appendix appendixes = a small tube joinedto your large intestine

appendices = a section givingextra details at the end of a book

formula formulas = forms of words formulae = mathematical terms

genius geniuses = persons of unusuallygreat mental powers genii = good or evil spirits


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index indexes = tables of contents indices = algebraic signs

medium mediums = people

claimingcommunicationwith spirits

media = means, agencies


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Insert affect (v.), effect (v.) or effect (n.)in the blanks

1. How do you think the changes _____________ you?2. Inflation is having a disastrous ____________ on the

economy.3. The area badly ______________ by pollution in recent

years.4. The million-dollar donation from the industrialist

__________ my vote against the Clean Air Act.5. We are trying __________ a change in the way we

purchase computers.6. Aspirin had the desired _________ and the headache

stopped.

WILL AFFECT

EFFECT

HAS BEEN AFFECTED

AFFECTED

TO EFFECT

EFFECT


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7. The drug ___________ a change in his personality.8. His research focuses on ___________ of advertising on

children.

9. The change in the program time appeared to have no ___________ on attendance.

10. One positive _________ of the program will be increasedaccess to education.

11. The new Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacylegislation _________ many aspects of our work.

12. He is studying how violence on television _________children's behaviour.

HAS EFFECTED

EFFECTS

EFFECT

EFFECT

HAS AFFECTED

AFFECTS

affect vs effect and foreign plurals

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