aeronautical communications panel (acp) 12th meeting of working group m

Federal AviationAdministration

International Civil Aviation Organization

INFORMATION PAPER

AERONAUTICAL COMMUNICATIONS PANEL (ACP)

12th MEETING OF WORKING GROUP M

Montreal, Canada 16 – 20 June 2008

Data Communications ProgramOverview

(Presented by: Peter Muraca)

SUMMARY

This information paper is intended to provide an overview of the FAA’s current Data Communications Program.

ACP-WGM12/IP-0113 May 2008

Agenda Item: xx

Data Communications Program overview – ICAO ACP WG-M2June 16 – 20, 2008

Topics

• Definition of Program• Concept of Operation (high level graphic)

• Data Comm Timeline• System Scope• Program Assumptions (general)

• Segments Functionality (services)

• Data Comm Capabilities Roadmap • Coordination & Harmonization Venues• WG-M Envisioned Activities in support of Data

Comm


Definition of Program• Mission

Improve ATO efficiency Enhancing productivity of controllers

Increase NAS capacity BY Enabling advanced operations to reduce resource

needs

Enhance air traffic safety Reducing communications errors related to voice

• Data Communications provides:– Two-way data between controllers, automation and flight crews– Safety-of-flight air traffic control clearances, instructions, traffic flow management,

flight crew requests and reports– Automation enhancements for ATC message generation and exchange– Communications link carrying data between aircraft and air traffic managers

• NextGen requires Data Communications – Necessary to transition Agency from voice based ATC comm system to data

centric NextGen


Supports all OEP Solution Sets

Data Comm is a Key Enabler for NextGen

- Networked/addressed msgs7. Transform Facilities

- Tailored arrivals, reduced OE’s6. Safety, Security, Environment

- Aircraft specific TFM-based re-routes5. Reduce Weather Impact

- User interaction, demand mgmt4. Collaborative ATM

- Surface/taxi automation msgs3. Flexible Terminal & Airports

- Automated RNAV arr/dep clearances2. High Density Arrival-Departure

- Exchange of 4-d trajectories- Conformance management data- Delivery of automated conflict resolutions- Data delivery of clearances

1. Trajectory Based Operations

Data Communications provides:OEP Solution Set


ARTCCs

TRACONs

TOWER

User Flight OperationsControl

VDL-2Network

ATCSCC

WX Reroutes

Tailored Arrivals / CDA’s

VDL-2

Trajectory Based OperationsHigh Performance Airspace

Time Based Metering

Fix

Clearances

TOWERS

ARTCCSTRACONS

Taxi Instructions

Digital ATIS Departure Clearance

Global Harmonization, Enhanced Safety, Increased Capacity

Pilot Downlink

Data Comm CONOPS


Data Comm Timeline

2008

10

12

14

17

22

2027

InitialInvestmentDecision

FinalInvestmentDecision

MajorMilestones

Near TermActivities

Tower

EnRoute


TRACON


19

DeploymentComplete

Equipage/AirspaceRequirements

- Complete Service Level Agreements- Develop interface requirements- Complete Safety Assessments - Finalize Requirements Documents- Develop Equipage Strategy- Develop Screening Information Requests (SIR)- Complete JRC 2A, Initial Investment Decision

- Release SIR- Receive and evaluate proposals- Mid-term human factors and standards- Finalize Business Case Analyses- Complete JRC 2B, Final Investment Decision- Contract awards

InvestmentAnalysis

ReadinessDecision

Key Sites:


System Scope

Controller Flight Crew

1.0 Ground User

Interface (GUI)

2.0 Ground Data

Processing (GDP)

3.0 Ground Message Delivery

(GMD)

4.0 Air-Ground

Message Delivery (AGMD)

5.0 Airborne Message Delivery

(AMD)

6.0 Airborne

Data Processing

(ADP)

7.0 Airborne

User Interface

(AUI)

FAA System Scope

Program Scope

User System Scope

• FAA System Scope– Program funds enhancements required to perform data communications in:

• Ground User Interface (e.g. ERAM/DSR display software)• Ground Data Processing (e.g. application software to create clearances)• Ground Data Delivery (e.g. wide area networking between ground facilities)• Ground components of A/G Message Delivery (e.g. radio, ground antenna)

• User System Scope– Users fund enhancements required to perform data communications in:

• Airborne components of A/G Message Delivery (e.g. aircraft radio, antenna)• Airborne Message Delivery (e.g. aircraft networking)• Airborne Data Processing (e.g. app s/w in comm & flight management units)• Airborne User Interface (e.g. cockpit displays & s/w)


Program Assumptions - General

• Data comm is required to transition Agency to NextGen Concept of Operations

• Transition to NextGen required by 2025• Large scope requires partition into phases• Functions/services originated from

Communications Operating Concept and Requirements for the Future Radio System, (COCR) due to international coordination and buy-in– Not all COCR services implemented

• VDL Mode 2 is the subnetwork


Segment 1 Functionality (2012 – 2017)

• Segment 1 Services will include:

– Data link logon (DLL) service to provide a unique digital identification of every aircraft

– Air Traffic Control clearances (ACL), instructions, and notifications provided in a textual format (data messaging) between controllers and pilots

– Departure Clearances (DCL) including revisions transmitted to the aircraft on the ground

– Initial use of 4-D Trajectory clearances for continuous descent approaches

– Digital Automatic Terminal Information Service (D-ATIS) up-links of airport weather, hazards, and restrictions to the aircraft

– Automatic ATC “hand-off” (ACM) data transmitted to aircraft identifying the radio frequency in use by the next air traffic control sector


Segment 2 Functionality (2017 +)

• Segment 2 Services will include:

– Segment 1 services in TRACONS

– Segment 1 services in En Route, plus:

• 4-D Trajectory Agreements in Performance Based Airspace, providing conflict-free flight with stable aircraft routing

• Conformance Management to ensure aircraft comply with 4-D agreements

• Tailored Arrivals/Continuous Descent Approaches and Time-based metering

• Arrival Taxi Instructions (ACL, D-TAXI) prior to landing, giving the aircraft detailed guidance from touchdown to gate.

• NAS Airport status, delays & constraints, hazardous wx uplinked to the aircrew

• Taxi-in / Taxi-out service provides taxi routes for aircraft to follow from the gate to the runway


Data Comm Capabilities

• Initial 4-D = Tailored Arrival Procedures (TAP) / Continuous Descent Approaches (CDA) to OEP Airports

• Conformance Management

• Complex Clearances & Expanded 4-D

• Widespread Delegated Separation = Merging & Spacing (M&S), Crossing and Passing (C&P), In-Trail Procedures (ITP), Paired Approaches ( PAIRAPP)

• Original + Revised Departure Clearances, D-ATIS

• Widespread 4-D Agreements

• Airport Status, Taxi-In, Taxi-Out• NAS Status / Delays / Constraints /

Sequencing & Hazardous WX

Red = Terminal Function Black = En Route Function Purple = Cross Domain Function

Operational Capabilities Enabled by Data Communications

• ERAM ICAO Flight Plan Update

NextGen Automation Capabilities Integrated with Data Communications

• Departure Spacing/Sequencing Function

• En Route Descent Advisor

• Time Based Metering Function

DC In Tower DC In En Route DC In TRACON

• TRACON Time Based Metering Function

• Conflict Probe Integration

• Extended Conflict Probe

• Extended Conflict Probe

• Conformance Management Monitor• Conflict Resolution Developer• Trajectory Builder

• Aircraft in Need Determiner

• Delegated Separation Automation & Monitor • Closely Spaced Parallel Approach Tool

• Enhanced Conformance Monitor• Enhanced Conflict Resolution Developer• Enhanced Trajectory Builder

• Clearances

• TRACON Data Comm Including Routine Clearances, Comm Mgmt, 4-D TAP/CDA & Time Based Metering

• Comm Mgmt• TFM Reroutes• Time Based Metering

Airspace Rule

Today 2010 2015 2020 2025

Today 2010 2015 2020 2025


Coordination & Harmonization Venues

RTCA/EUROCAERTCA/EUROCAE

• FAA/Industry Synchronization (ATMAC R&PWG or equivalent)

– Services Validation– Timing & Interrelationship of FAA and

Stakeholder Investments

• Standards Development (SC-214 / WG-78)– Safety & Performance– Interoperability

• Performance-Based Criteria and Rulemaking Development (Communications Working Group)

– Required Communication Performance

– Airspace and Aircraft Rulemaking recommendations

AEECAEEC PARCPerformance-Based Operations Aviation Rulemaking Committee

PARCPerformance-Based Operations Aviation Rulemaking Committee

• Avionics & Services Coordination (DLUF)

• Avionics Characteristics Development (e.g., DLK SC, SAI)

GEIAGov’t Electronics and Information

Technology Association

GEIAGov’t Electronics and Information

Technology AssociationICAO

International Civil Aviation Organization

ICAOInternational Civil Aviation

Organization

• Industry Coordination on Infrastructure Acquisition

• Inter. Coordination / Harmonization– Aeronautical Communications Panel (ACP)– Data Link Steering Group (DLSG)

LINK 2K+SESAR

LINK 2K+SESAR

• Coordination / Harmonization

www.faa.gov/ato?k=sc214


WG-M Envisioned Activities in support of Data Comm1. Data Comm – Application level list of anticipated standards modifications/additions

– Application standards (i.e., CM, CPDLC, ADS-C) may require changes in support of those services specified within RTCA SC-214 Safety and Performance Requirements, and Interoperability requirements for Data Comm services.

• PM-CPDLC message changes (as developed within RTCA SC-214, like D-TAXI, etc.) – Target Seg 1, and Seg 2.

• PM-FIS and PM-ADS-C (like the changes in DOC 9880 for PM-CPDLC) – Target Seg 2 (note, the changes for PM-FIS may be required for Seg 1)

– It may also be necessary to introduce security requirements within the Air / Ground infrastructure in support of the Data Comm program. Such modifications / additions to the international standards would be accomplished within ICAO ACP WG-M (DOC 9880), and/or RTCA SC-214 SG-XX. – Target Seg 2.

2. Data Comm – Subnetwork level list of anticipated standards modifications/additions

– Due to changes to the implementation characteristics of VDL Mode 2 within AEEC 631, it will be necessary to bring such changes forward to ICAO ACP WG-M for incorporation and acceptance in the ICAO VDL Mode 2 Technical Manual and VDL Mode 2 SARPS. This harmonization of changes support programs such as Link 2k and Data Comm. – Target Seg 1, and Seg 2

• VDL Mode 2 Autotune requirements/characteristics updates - Target Seg 1, and Seg 2.• VDL Mode 2 Frequency Support List-based handoffs - Target Seg 1, and Seg 2.• VDL Mode 2 Frequency Management for multiple frequencies - Target Seg 1, and Seg 2.• VDL Mode 2 protocol cleanup related to above changes - Target Seg 1, and Seg 2.• Overall harmonization of AEEC 631 implementation characteristics with ICAO VDL Mode 2

Technical Manual - Target Seg 1, and Seg 2.


BACK-UP


Day In The Life of Data Comm – Segment 1

• Pre-Departure– Logon– ATIS– Departure Clearance & Revisions

• Departure Taxi & Take-Off– Departure Taxi– Take-Off via Voice

• Departure in TRACON– Voice

• En Route– Voice– Data for Routine Clearances– TFM Aircraft Specific Re-Routes– Initial 4-D

Tailored Arrival Procedures (TAP)Continuous Descent Approach (CDA)

– Communications Management

• Arrival In TRACON– Voice

• Arrival Airport– Voice

• Arrival Taxi– Voice


Day In The Life of Data Comm – Segment 2

• En Route (Con’t)– 4-D Trajectory Based Ops Begin– Conformance Monitoring– Hazardous In-Flight Weather

Information• Arrival In TRACON

– Voice– Data for Routine Clearances– Communications Management– Initial 4-D TAP / CDA – Conformance Monitoring– Arrival Taxi Instructions(?)

• Arrival Airport– Voice– Arrival Taxi Instructions

Confirmation via Voice(?)• Arrival Taxi

– Voice– Arrival Taxi Instruction Updates(?)

• Pre-Departure– Logon– ATIS– Departure Clearances & Revisions– CDM Agreements, Slot Times or

Sequence, NAS Status Updates• Departure Taxi & Take-Off

– Departure Taxi & Revisions(?)– Take-Off via Voice

• Departure in TRACON– Voice– Data for Routine Clearances– Communications Management– Conformance Monitoring

• En Route• Voice - Non-Routine & Tactical• Communications Management• 4-D TAP / CDA • Data as Required Means


COCR Services vs. Data Comm Services

• ATS Services– Voice or Data

• ACM, ACL, ARMAND, DCL, D-ATIS, D-FLUP, D-OTIS, D-ORIS, D-RVR, DSC, D-SIGMET, D-TAXI, PPD, SAP

– Data Only• AIRSEP, AMC, A-EXEC,

COTRAC, DLL (DLIC), DYNAV, D-ALERT, D-SIG, FLIPCY, FLIPINT, PAIRAPP, URCO, WAKE

– Surveillance• ADS-B, ADS-C, & TIS-B which

support: ATC Surveillance, Airborne Situational Awareness, Enhanced Visual Acquisition, M&S, ITP, C&P

• AOC Services– AOCL, OOOI, Free Text, WX

Request, NOTAM’s, Position Report, Flight Status, Fuel Status, Gate & Connecting Flight Info, Engine Performance Report, Maintenance Troubleshooting, Flight Plan Request/Response, Load Sheet Request, Flight Log Transfer, Real Time Maintenance, Graphical WX, Real Time WX Report, On-Line Technical Troubleshooting, Technical Logbook Update, Electronic Library Update, Software Loading, Cabin Logbook Transfer


Data Comm required for OEP CapabilitiesActivity OEP Mid-Term Capability

Trajectory Based Operations

Automation Support for Variable Separation

Integrated Arrival and Departure Management (en route automation support)

Point-In-Space Metering Trajectory Based Airspace

Flexible Airspace ManagementInitial Conflict Resolution Via Voice (using Data

Comm with the equipped – transition element)Expanded Conflict Resolution Via Data Comm

Increase Arrivals/ Departures at High Density Airports

Initial Surface Traffic Management Integrated Arrival/Departure

Management

Delegated Responsibility for Horizontal Separation

Increase Flexibility in the Terminal Environment

Use CDA to Support User Efficiency and Noise Reduction

Enhanced Tower Data Link System

Provide Surface Situation Awareness to Pilots

Improve Collaborative ATM

Execution of Flow StrategiesOn-Demand NAS InformationAssignment of Airspace for Special Use

in High Altitudes

Provide Full Flight Plan Constraint Evaluation with Feedback

Trajectory Flight Data ManagementTrajectory Based AirspaceFlexible Airspace ManagementIntegrated Arrival/Departure Management

Transform Facilities

Integrated Arrival/Departure AirspaceTrajectory Based AirspaceFlexible Airspace Management


Acquisition: FAA Life Cycle Management Process


Modular Architecture (A2)

UserInterface

STARS/C-ARTS

TR

AC

ON

ERAM

AR

TC

C

UserInterface

TDLS/TFDM

TO

WE

R

GroundMessageDelivery

FIS

Log On

Tower 623Message

Processing

NationalCommunication

Center

Air-GroundMessageDelivery

AircraftMessageDelivery

Local Message

Processing

UserInterface

Controller Aircrew

DCSApps

Peer Apps

DCSApps

Local Message Processing


UserInt.

CP

FDP SDPWx

M&C


• Allocates the data communications functionality in separate hardware (DCS server) co-located with the ERAM automation platform

• Terminal environment will have DCS servers at their own facilities