Building Science

Adventures In Building Science

Joseph Lstiburek, Ph.D., P.Eng, ASHRAE Fellow

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What is a Building?

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A Building is an Environmental Separator

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•  Control heat flow •  Control airflow •  Control water vapor flow •  Control rain •  Control ground water •  Control light and solar radiation •  Control noise and vibrations •  Control contaminants, environmental hazards and odors •  Control insects, rodents and vermin •  Control fire •  Provide strength and rigidity •  Be durable •  Be aesthetically pleasing •  Be economical

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Zeroth Law – A=B and B=C therefore A=C First Law - Conservation of Energy Second Law - Entropy Third Law – Absolute Zero

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2nd Law of Thermodynamics

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In an isolated system, a process can occur only if it increases the total entropy of the system

Rudolf Clausius

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Heat Flow Is From Warm To Cold Moisture Flow Is From Warm To Cold Moisture Flow Is From More To Less Air Flow Is From A Higher Pressure to a

Lower Pressure Gravity Acts Down

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Moisture Flow Is From Warm To Cold Moisture Flow Is From More To Less

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Moisture Flow Is From Warm To Cold Moisture Flow Is From More To Less

Thermal Gradient – Thermal Diffusion Concentration Gradient – Molecular Diffusion

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Moisture Flow Is From Warm To Cold Moisture Flow Is From More To Less

Thermal Gradient – Thermal Diffusion Concentration Gradient – Molecular Diffusion

Vapor Diffusion

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Thermodynamic Potential

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Damage Functions

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Damage Functions Water Heat Ultra Violet Radiation

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Damage Functions Water Heat Ultra Violet Radiation

Oxidization (Ozone) Fatigue (Creep)

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The Three Biggest Problems In Buildings Are Water, Water and Water…

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80 Percent of all Construction Problems are Related to Water

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Heat Air Moisture

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HAM

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Hygrothermal Analysis

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Water Control Layer Air Control Layer Vapor Control Layer Thermal Control Layer

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Window

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•  Structure

•  Rain/Air/Vapor

•  Insulation •  Finish

Commercial Enclosure: Simple Layers

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Rain Screen

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Beer Screen?

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Rockwool 1x3 furring @ 24” o.c. #10 screws @ 16” o.c. vertically Result: 20 psf cladding weight with < 2/100” deflection

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