advantages of mri higher resolution of tissues no ionizing radiation multiplanar imaging
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Advantages of MRIAdvantages of MRI
• Higher resolution of tissues• No ionizing radiation• Multiplanar imaging
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Disadvantages of MRIDisadvantages of MRI
• Long imaging time• Hazards with ferromagnetic metals
(pacemakers, vascular clips, etc)• Claustrophobia• Higher cost
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Relative Brightness of Relative Brightness of TissuesTissuesFat WhiteMarrowBrainMuscle GrayBody FluidTMJ DiskCortical BoneAir Black
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Nuclear MedicineNuclear Medicine
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Nuclear MedicineNuclear Medicine
• Radioactive compounds• Target tissues• Radioactive agents pools in
the target tissues• Detected and imaged by
external detectors (gamma camera).
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Nuclear MedicineNuclear Medicine
• Shows structure and function of the target tissues
• Static and dynamic conditions• Scintigraphy scans or RN
(radionuclide) scans• Bone scans or salivary gland
scans
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TechnetiumTechnetium
• 99mTcO4- - thyroid and salivary
gland scan • 99Tc phosphate - bone scan
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• Is this an active disease?
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Phases of Salivary Gland Phases of Salivary Gland ScanScan
• Flow phase:– Five to 10 mCi of 99mTcO4
– first 30 to 120 seconds – shows flow of blood
• Concentration phase:– next 30 to 45 minutes– demonstrate the anatomy and function
• Washout Phase:– administer sialagogue– demonstrates secretory capabilities
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Cephalometric Cephalometric RadiographyRadiography• Reproducible and standardized
views• For measurements and assess
growth• Fixed source to film distance – 60
inches• Cephalostats and earplugs help in
reproducible positions
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Cephalometric Cephalometric Radiography Radiography
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Contrast AgentsContrast Agents
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Contrast AgentsContrast Agents
• Radiopaque materials• Water soluble• Fat soluble• 28 – 38% iodine
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Phases of SialographyPhases of Sialography
• Ductal• Acinar• Evacuation
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Indications of SialographyIndications of Sialography
• Acute swelling secondary to ductal obstruction
• Recurrent Inflammation• Palpable salivary gland mass• Autoimmune Sialadenitis
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Contraindications of Contraindications of SialographySialography• Sensitivity to contrast agents• Acute Sialadenitis• Limited use in tumor diagnosis
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Scintigraphy SialographyRadioactive material Radiopaque
material
Through blood stream
Through duct
All glands imaged at the same time
One gland at a time
Imaged by gamma camera
Imaged by fluoroscopy
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Contrast Studies: Contrast Studies: ArthrographyArthrography
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ArthrographyArthrography
• Contrast media is introduced in joint spaces
• Upper vs. lower joint space• Viewed by Image Intensifier
Fluoroscopy• Video recording allows study of joint
movement
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Contrast Material InjectionContrast Material Injection
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Open PositionOpen Position
• Translation of condyle
• Reduction of disk