advandages of biofertilizers
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8/12/2019 Advandages of Biofertilizers
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R. GOWRI
III B.sc Zoology
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Fertilizer‘s are the substances or material the maint
the fertility of the soil and promote the growth of the plant.
Fertilizer
Chemical fertilizer Biofertili
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• A Biofertilizer is a substance which contains living
microorganisms which, when applied to seed, plant surf
soil, colonizes the rhizosphere or the interior of the plant
promotes growth by increasing the supply or availability o
nutrients to the host plant.
• Bio-fertilizers add nutrients through the natural processes
nitrogen fixation, solubilizing phosphorus, and stimula
plant growth through the synthesis of growth-promoting
substances.
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• Chemical fertilizers are man made and
purely chemicals.
• It make the fertility of the soil.
• Example : urea, NPK fertilizers.
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Bacterial Biofertilizer
Two types
Non symbiotic _ Azospirillum, Azotobacter
Symbiotic _ Rhizobium
Algal Biofertilizer
Blue green algae [BGA]
Fungal Biofertilizer
Vesicular & Arbuscular Mycorrhizae [VAM]
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RHIZOBIUM
AZOSPIRILLUM
VA-MYCORRHIZA
BLUE GREEN ALGAE
AZOTOBACTER
PSB
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• Bacteria enter the root hairs of the host plants
• It multiply and stimulate the formation of root nodules, en
plant cells and bacteria associate with the nodules.
• The bacteria converted free nitrogen into nitrates in host
Legume root nodules
Rhizobium bacteria
inside nodule
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The important algal Biofertilizer is BGA
They have special structure called Heterocyst,& have a chemiNitrogenous it which they are convert nitrogen in to nitrate.
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It means the structure formed of fungi & roots of higher plants
The fungus associated with root & it promotes the growth of tsystem.
So the plants absorbed the more nutrients
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Biofertilizer are environment friendly and protect the
environment against pollutants.
They help to get high yield of crops by making the soilwith nutrients and useful microorganisms necessary fo
growth of the plants.
Biofertilizer increase the fertility of the soil.
It increase water holding capacity of the soil. Rhizobia increase the yield of Broad bean, Lentil, Wee
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Cytokine , IAA [indol acetic acid] are produced by Azospirillum t
the yield of pearl millets.
BGA increase the yield of crop.
Phosphate solubilizing microorganism increase the phosphate upt
of plant.
Biofertilizer destroy those harmful components from the soil whi
diseases in the plants. Plants can also be protected against droug
strict conditions by using bio fertilizers.
Replace 25 - 30% of chemical fertilizers
Increase the grain yield by 10– 40%
Improve the texture & structure of the soil.
Bio fertilizers are not costly and even poor farmers can make use
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It change the pH of the soil
It pollute the environment
It kills the soil organism.
It change the water holding
capacity of the soil.
It decrease the soil fertility.
Biofertilizer
It does not change the pH of
the soil.
It is ecofriendly
It does not kill the soil
organism.
It does not change the water
holding capacity of the soil.
It maintain the soil fertility
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