advancing open @ vanderbilt
TRANSCRIPT
Advancing Open @ Vanderbilt
Nick Shockey (@nshockey)Director of Programs & Engagement, SPARCDirector, Right to Research Coalition
Nicole Allen (@txtbks)Director of Open Education, SPARC
September 29, 2016
bit.ly/utsaopencase sensitive!
www.sparcopen.org
Access& Cost
www.sparcopen.org
“It’s possible to get anything I want, but it’s a much slower process.”
www.sparcopen.org
www.righttoresearch.org
Source: https://media.licdn.com/media/p/2/000/1d8/394/22adb67.pngwww.sparcopen.org
www.sparcopen.org
Average ISI-indexed journal price in Health Sciences:
Source: Library Journal 2016 Periodicals Pricing Survey“Fracking the Ecosystem | Periodicals Price Survey 2016,” by Stephen Bosch and Kittie Henderson. Library Journal, April 21, 2016: http://lj.libraryjournal.com/2016/04/publishing/fracking-the-ecosystem-periodicals-price-survey-2016/#_
www.sparcopen.org
Average ISI-indexed journal price in Health Sciences:
= $1,801
Source: Library Journal 2016 Periodicals Pricing Survey“Fracking the Ecosystem | Periodicals Price Survey 2016,” by Stephen Bosch and Kittie Henderson. Library Journal, April 21, 2016: http://lj.libraryjournal.com/2016/04/publishing/fracking-the-ecosystem-periodicals-price-survey-2016/#_
www.sparcopen.org
Average ISI-indexed journal price in Education:
= $978
Source: Library Journal 2016 Periodicals Pricing Survey“Fracking the Ecosystem | Periodicals Price Survey 2016,” by Stephen Bosch and Kittie Henderson. Library Journal, April 21, 2016: http://lj.libraryjournal.com/2016/04/publishing/fracking-the-ecosystem-periodicals-price-survey-2016/#_
www.sparcopen.org
Average journal price in Education:
= $855
Source: Library Journal 2016 Periodicals Pricing Survey“Fracking the Ecosystem | Periodicals Price Survey 2016,” by Stephen Bosch and Kittie Henderson. Library Journal, April 21, 2016: http://lj.libraryjournal.com/2016/04/publishing/fracking-the-ecosystem-periodicals-price-survey-2016/#_
2014
= $911
2015
= $978
2016
www.sparcopen.org
Average journal price in Education:
= $855
Source: Library Journal 2016 Periodicals Pricing Survey“Fracking the Ecosystem | Periodicals Price Survey 2016,” by Stephen Bosch and Kittie Henderson. Library Journal, April 21, 2016: http://lj.libraryjournal.com/2016/04/publishing/fracking-the-ecosystem-periodicals-price-survey-2016/#_
2014
= $911
2015
= $978
2016
+14%
Discipline Average Cost Per Title
Chemistry $5,105
Physics $4,508
Engineering $3,244
Biology $3,104
Food Science $2,729
Astronomy $2,718
Botany $2,418
Geology $2,400
Technology $2,239
Zoology $2,221Math & Computer Science $1,895
Health Sciences $1,801
General Science $1,717
Geography $1,713
Agriculture $1,687
Business & Economics $1,474
Discipline Average Cost Per Title
Military & Naval Science $1,063
Psychology $1,020
Sociology $1,004
Education $978
Social Sciences $907
Political Science $820
Library Science $774
Recreation $747
Anthropology $513
Law $475
History $434
Philosophy & Religion $433
Arts & Architecture $432
Language & Literature $379
Music $293
General Works $263
Source: Library Journal 2016 Periodicals Pricing Survey“Fracking the Ecosystem | Periodicals Price Survey 2016,” by Stephen Bosch and Kittie Henderson. Library Journal, April 21, 2016:
http://lj.libraryjournal.com/2016/04/publishing/fracking-the-ecosystem-periodicals-price-survey-2016/#_
ISI Indexes 2016 Cost By Discipline
Average:$1,788
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
-25%
25%
75%
125%
175%
225%
275%
325%
375%
425%
Graph 2 Monograph and Serial Costs in ARL Libraries, 1986-2011*
Source: ARL Statistics 2010-11 Association of Research Libraries, Washington, D.C.*Includes electronic resources from 1999-2000 onward.
% C
hang
e Si
nce
1986
Serial Ex-penditures(+402%)
Monograph Ex-penditures(+71%)
Monographs Purchased (10%)
www.sparcopen.org
Source: Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, IPEDS Data Center. Academic Libraries Expenditures 2013-14. August 10, 2016. Distributed by the U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics: Washington, DC, https://nces.ed.gov/ipeds/datacenter/Default.aspx.
www.sparcopen.org
Sum of “ongoing commitments to
subscriptions" FY2014
Number of academic libraries reporting in
FY2014
All US libraries reporting to IPEDS $2,149,706,794 2,964Association of Research Libraries Members (US only) $911,220,828 99
Average spend for ARL members (US only): $9,204,250.79
Average spend for all US academic libraries: $725,272.20
Walmart Exxon Mobil Starbucks Disney Google Pfizer Apple McDonald's Microsoft Springer (2012)
Elsevier (STM Publishing)
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
40.0%
5.6%
8.6%
18.7%
23.6%25.0%
26.7%28.7% 29.0%
32.0%
34.9%37.2%
Operating Profit Margin: Elsevier v. Other Companies (2014)
Data SourcesWalmart: http://financials.morningstar.com/ratios/r.html?t=WMT®ion=USA&culture=en_US Exxon Mobil: https://www.stock-analysis-on.net/NYSE/Company/Exxon-Mobil-Corp/Ratios/Profitability Starbucks: http://financials.morningstar.com/ratios/r.html?t=SBUX®ion=USA&culture=en_US Disney: http://financials.morningstar.com/ratios/r.html?t=DIS®ion=USA&culture=en_US Google: http://financials.morningstar.com/ratios/r.html?t=GOOG®ion=USA&culture=en_US Pfizer: http://financials.morningstar.com/ratios/r.html?t=PFE®ion=USA&culture=en_US Apple: https://www.stock-analysis-on.net/NASDAQ/Company/Apple-Inc/Ratios/Profitability McDonald’s: http://financials.morningstar.com/ratios/r.html?t=MCD Microsoft: http://financials.morningstar.com/ratios/r.html?t=MSFT®ion=USA&culture=en_US Springer: http://static.springer.com/sgw/documents/1412702/application/pdf/Annual_Report_2012_01.pdfElsevier: http://www.relx.com/investorcentre/reports%202007/Documents/2014/relxgroup_ar_2014.pdf
www.sparcopen.org
Publishing obscure academic journals is that rare thing in the media industry:“a licence to print money.”
Source: The Economist, “Open Sesame,” April 14, 2012: http://www.economist.com/node/21552574www.sparcopen.org
http://www.phdcomics.com/comics/archive.php?comicid=1200
www.sparcopen.org
Source: Bohannon, John. Who’s Downloading Pirated Papers? Everyone. Science. April 2016. URL: http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/04/whos-downloading-pirated-papers-everyonewww.sparcopen.org
Source: Bohannon, John. Who’s Downloading Pirated Papers? Everyone. Science. April 2016. URL: http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/04/whos-downloading-pirated-papers-everyonewww.sparcopen.org
Source: Bohannon, John. The frustrated science student behind Sci-Hub. Science. April 2016. URL: http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/04/alexandra-elbakyan-founded-sci-hub-thwart-journal-paywallswww.sparcopen.org
Free, immediate online access to scientific & scholarly articleswith full reuse rightsBudapest Open Access Initiative
www.sparcopen.org
Two paths to Open Access
Self-archiving
Open AccessJournals
www.sparcopen.org
1. Publish in an open-access journal
X 9,000
Source: Directory of Open Access Journals: www.doaj.orgwww.sparcopen.org
X 2,000
2. Publish (most) anywhere, deposit into an open-access repository
www.sparcopen.org
www.sparcopen.org
www.OpenDOAR.org
Source: www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo/statistics.php?la=en&fIDnum=|&mode=simple
Visibility& Impact
www.sparcopen.org
Source: McKiernan, Erin; Bourne, Philip E.; Brown, C. Titus; Buck, Stuart; Kenall, Amye; Lin, Jennifer; McDougall, Damon; Nosek, Brian; Ram, Karthik; Soderberg, Courtney; R. Spies, Jeffrey; Thaney, Kaitlin; Updegrove, Andrew; Woo, Kara; Yarkoni, Tal (2016): How open science helps researchers succeed. Figshare. https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1619902.v7: URL: https://figshare.com/articles/The_open_research_value_proposition_How_sharing_can_help_researchers_succeed/1619902
www.sparcopen.org
<QUT citation advantage>
www.sparc.arl.orgSource: “OA Policy Development and Implementation at Queensland University of Technology,” Professor Tom Cochrane, Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Delivered November 2012): http://www.berlin10.org/images/ws2cochrane.pdf
www.sparc.arl.orgSource: “OA Policy Development and Implementation at Queensland University of Technology,” Professor Tom Cochrane, Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Delivered November 2012): http://www.berlin10.org/images/ws2cochrane.pdf
Moving toward open by default
www.sparcopen.org
Institutional Open Access Policies
270 Institutions in 45 countries Dat
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Research Funder Open Access Policies
115 Research Funders in 28 Countries Dat
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Source: https://www.whitehouse.gov/blog/2013/02/22/expanding-public-access-results-federally-funded-researchwww.sparcopen.org
Source: White House: https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2016/06/21/impact-report-100-examples-president-obamas-leadership-sciencewww.sparcopen.org
Source: https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/senate-bill/779/text?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%5B%22fair+access+science%22%5D%7D&resultIndex=1www.sparcopen.org
“Taxpayers fund $5 billion a year in cancer research every year, but once it’s published, nearly all of that taxpayer-funded research sits behind walls. Tell me how this is moving the process along more rapidly.”
- Vice President Joe Biden: April 21, 2016Source: https://medium.com/cancer-moonshot/here-s-what-the-vice-president-said-to-the-largest-convening-of-cancer-researchers-in-the-country-3007bb196dbd#.m1b0p3408www.sparcopen.org
Source: https://www.hillaryclinton.com/briefing/factsheets/2016/06/27/hillary-clintons-initiative-on-technology-innovation/www.sparcopen.org
www.sparcopen.org
A similar story for educational materials…
www.sparcopen.org
www.sparc.arl.org
2006-2016consumer price index
Average Estimated Undergraduate Budgets, 2014-15
Source: College Board
Books & Supplies = $1,249
DONE READING?
GOOD
Market Failure
students are captives, not consumers
Market Failure
5 major publishers hold nearly 90% of the
market
Source: Turning the Page by James Koch
Market Failure
Source: NACS.org
???
2 in 3Students say they decided against buying a textbook because the cost
is too high
Source: Student PIRGs
1 in 2Students say they have at some
point taken fewer courses due to the cost of textbooks
Source: Florida Virtual Campus
<1 in 2Students purchase a current
edition of their textbook
Source: Book Industry Study Group
we can do better.
OPEN EDUCATIONALRESOURCESwww.sparcopen.org
OPEN EDUCATIONALRESOURCES
OPEN EDUCATIONALRESOURCES
Hewlett Foundation Definition:“OER are teaching, learning, and research resources that reside in the public domain or are released under an intellectual property license that permits their free use and repurposing by others”
www.sparcopen.org
OPEN EDUCATIONALRESOURCES
OPEN EDUCATIONALRESOURCES
OPEN EDUCATIONALRESOURCESFree + Reuse Rights
• Retain• Reuse• Revise• Remix• Redistribute
“some rights reserved”www.creativecommons.org
most open
least open
OER
ocw.mit.edu
openstaxcollege.org
open.umn.edu
Using OER in 1 course per year could save US students
$1.42 billion
Source: http://www.studentpirgs.org/reports/sp/open-textbooks-billion-dollar-solution
• Higher or equivalent grades• Higher average credit load• Higher or equivalent completion
rates
I wanted my students to gain hands on experience managing a project… So I asked my students to engage in a very large scale revise / remix project.” - @opencontent
skillscommons.org
www.sparc.arl.org
www.sparc.arl.org
Putting open into action
www.sparcopen.org
Consider adopting OERwhen possible
www.sparcopen.org
open.umn.edu
Make your own work open
www.sparcopen.org
Award winning statistics text
Institutional Repository
Source: http://library.ttu.edu/about/collections/localdigital/www.sparcopen.org
Institutional Policy
www.sparcopen.org
Institutional Open Access Policies
270 Institutions in 45 countries Data
from
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.epr
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.org
. Acc
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Source: https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2015/11/02/editors-and-editorial-board-quit-top-linguistics-journal-protest-subscription-fees
Promotion & Tenure
www.sparcopen.org
Source: https://archives.iupui.edu/bitstream/handle/2450/10296/Chief%20Academic%20Officer%27s%20Guidelines%20for%20Preparing%20and%20Reviewing%20Promotion%20and%20Tenure%20Dossiers.pdf?sequence=1www.sparcopen.org
opencon2016.org