advancing ignition interlock

8/11/2019 Advancing Ignition Interlock

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ABSTRACT

Title of Thesis: ADVANCING IGNITION INTERLOCK: THE STATEOF INTERLOCKS IN MARYLAND ANDRECOMMENDATIONS FOR DEVICEIMPROVEMENTS, PROGRAM EFFECTIVENESS, ANDTECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION

K the!i"e B#tt, R $hel Cl !%, &illi ' Colli"s, A"(!e)C*is"+, D "iel R 's !o$%, Mi$h el S "(le!, G! $eS"o(-! ss, D " T s$h, S ' "th Te"e" #', K the!i"e& lsh, . 'es &hite, "( Pe !$e &!oe

Thesis (i!e$te( +: M /o! . + G!# e! De0 !t'e"t of P# li$ S fet+

D!1 G!e- . $%so"De0 !t'e"t of Me$h "i$ l E"-i"ee!i"-

D!1 Di'it!ios H!ist#2V !s %elisDe0 !t'e"t of Me$h "i$ l E"-i"ee!i"-

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This thesis e4 l# tes the i-"itio" i"te!lo$% 0!o-! ' i" M !+l "(, fo$#si"- o" oth

te$h"olo-i$ l "( ('i"ist! ti4e s0e$ts1 I"iti l !ese !$h !e4e le( 0!o le's i"

0!o-! ' $o'0li "$e "( "ee( fo! e"h "$e( ('i"ist! tio"1 &e (!e) $o'0 !iso"s

et)ee" s#$$essf#l i"te!lo$% 0!o-! 's "( ' (e !e$o''e"( tio"s fo! i'0!o4e'e"ts

i" the !e s of $o''#"i$ tio", t! i"i"-, 0e" lt+ "( i"$e"ti4e s+ste', te$h"olo-+

i"te-! tio", t!e t'e"t, "( le-isl tio"1 I"fo!' tio" te$h"olo-+ e"h "$e'e"ts )e!e

!e$o-"i*e( s " ((itio" l ) + to 'o"ito! 0!o-! ' 0 !ti$i0 "ts 'o!e effe$ti4el+1 &e

lso s ) "ee( to (e4elo0 'o!e $o"4e"ie"t i"te!lo$% (e4i$e to i"$!e se 0# li$

$$e0t "$e1 L e50e!i'e"ts to test te$h"olo-i$ l lte!" ti4es to the i"te!lo$% ssesse( the fe si ilit+ of #si"- 0 ssi4e se"so! i" t "(e' )ith !e th l+*e! i"

i"te!lo$% (e4i$es1 Ho)e4e!, )e (ete!'i"e( th t i" its $#!!e"t st te, 0 ssi4e se"so!

te$h"olo-+ ) s i"fe si le fo! s#$h #se1

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ADVANCING IGNITION INTERLOCK: THE STATE OF INTERLOCKS INMARYLAND AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DEVICE IMPROVEMENTS,

PROGRAM EFFECTIVENESS, AND TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION

B+

K the!i"e B#tt, R $hel Cl !%, &illi ' Colli"s, A"(!e) C*is"+, D "iel R 's !o$%,Mi$h el S "(le!, G! $e S"o(-! ss, D " T s$h, S ' "th Te"e" #', K the!i"e

& lsh, . 'es &hite, "( Pe !$e &!oe

A Thesis s# 'itte( i" 0 !ti l f#lfill'e"t of the !e7#i!e'e"ts of theGe'sto"e P!o-! ', A1 . 'es Cl !% S$hool of E"-i"ee!i"-

8"i4e!sit+ of M !+l "(, Colle-e P !%, M !+l "(

A0!il 933

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A$%"o)le(-e'e"ts

A"+ !ese !$h 0!o/e$t (e0e"(s o" the -#i( "$e of (e(i$ te( 'e"to!s1 &e !e

es0e$i ll+ -! tef#l to M /o! . + G!# e! )ho e"th#si sti$ ll+ le( o#! thesis 0!o-!ess,

D!1 G!e- . $%so" fo! his 4 l# le e50e!tise i" the l , D!1 Di'it!ios H!ist#2V !s %elis

fo! hel0i"- to fo$#s o#! !ese !$h t the o#tset, "( Te ' Li ! !i " Ro e!t K $%le+ fo!

his (i!e$tio"1

&e '#st lso $%"o)le(-e the ' "+ e50e!ts i" the fiel( )ho )e!e so

-e"e!o#s )ith thei! ti'e "( i"si-ht1 Ms1 . "e V le"*i t the Moto! Vehi$le

A('i"ist! tio" 0!o4i(e( soli( #"(e!st "(i"- of M !+l "(;s i"te!lo$% 0!o-! ' "(

) s $o"ti"# ll+ s#00o!ti4e of o#! effo!ts1 &e )o#l( lso li%e to th "% D!1 Ro e!t

Vo s, D!1 Ke""eth Be$%, D!1 R1 Tho' s Ge"t!+, D!1 Mi$h el Hilto", Ms1 L+"( Ke!!,

D!1 Ro +" Ro e!tso", "( M!1 . !el Kelse+ fo! thei! si-"ifi$ "t $o"t!i #tio"s to o#!

0!o/e$t1

Fi" ll+, )e )o#l( li%e to th "% o#! f 'ilies fo! thei! $o"st "t lo4e "( s#00o!t

th!o#-ho#t this "( ll e"(e 4o!s1


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T le of Co"te"ts

A$%"o)le(-e'e"ts111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111T le of Co"te"ts1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111List of Fi-#!es11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111I"t!o(#$tio"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111O!i-i" "( De4elo0'e"t of Thesis P!o/e$t1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

Te ' Fo!' tio"111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111Fo$#si"- O#! Rese !$h1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111De4elo0i"- Rese !$h @#estio"s111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

A" I"te!" tio" l S#!4e+ of I"te!lo$% P!o-! 's "( Re$o''e"( tio"s fo!I'0!o4e'e"ts i" M !+l "(11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

The Histo!+ of I-"itio" I"te!lo$% De4i$es111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111B $%-!o#"( o" the I-"itio" I"te!lo$% P!o-! ' i" M !+l "(111111111111111111111111111111111196

M !+l "(;s I'0 i!e( D!i4i"- S+ste'1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111The I"te!lo$% Co'0o"e"t of M !+l "(;s I'0 i!e( D!i4i"- S+ste'11111111111111111119

The Effe$ts of TEA2961111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111I"te!lo$% A('i"ist! tio"11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

Metho(olo-+1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111S#!4e+ Metho(olo-+111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

@#estio" De4elo0'e"t111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111S#!4e+ Dist!i #tio"11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

I"fo!' tio" Te$h"olo-+ P!o-! ' De4elo0'e"t111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111Lite! t#!e Re4ie)11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

I"te!" tio" l I-"itio" I"te!lo$% S+'0osi#'s111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111933< I-"itio" I"te!lo$% S+'0osi#'11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

A$$e0t "$e111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111Co'0li "$e1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111P !ti$i0 tio"11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

933= I-"itio" I"te!lo$% S+'0osi#'11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111T!e t'e"t111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111Le-isl ti4e Iss#es "( C#!!e"t De4elo0'e"ts111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111Rest!i$te( Li$e"ses "( I"te!lo$%s1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111Le (e!s i" I"te!lo$% P!o-! ' De4elo0'e"t11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

933 I-"itio" I"te!lo$% S+'0osi#'11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111P !ti$i0 tio"11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111A$$e0t "$e111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111Re$i(i4is'11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

D&I "( I"te!lo$% S+ste' Effe$ti4e"ess N tio")i(e1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111E"fo!$e'e"t i" the D&I S+ste'11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111P!ose$#tio" i" the D&I S+ste'11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111A(/#(i$ tio" "( S "$tio"i"- i" the D&I S+ste'111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111Mo"ito!i"- i" the D&I S+ste'111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

Effe$ti4e"ess of I"(i4i(# l St te I"te!lo$% P!o-! 's111111111111111111111111111111111111111111D&I "( I"te!lo$% S+ste' T!e"(s i" M !+l "(1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

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P!o tio" Offi$e!s: A!e s fo! I'0!o4e'e"t11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111P!o tio" Offi$e!s: Re$o''e"( tio"s fo! S+ste' I'0!o4e'e"ts11111111111111111.#(-es: A!e s fo! I'0!o4e'e"t1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111.#(-es: Re$o''e"( tio"s fo! S+ste' I'0!o4e'e"ts111111111111111111111111111111111111 ?A((itio" l D t 11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

D&I "( I"te!lo$% S+ste' T!e"(s i" Pe""s+l4 "i 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111D&I "( I"te!lo$% S+ste' T!e"(s i" Ne) Me5i$o11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111D&I "( I"te!lo$% S+ste' T!e"(s i" C lifo!"i 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

C#!!e"t L )111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111Ch lle"-es1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111S#$$esses11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111F#t#!e11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

Effe$ti4e"ess of I"te!" tio" l I"te!lo$% P!o-! 's111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111D&I "( I"te!lo$% S+ste' T!e"(s i" A#st! li 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

So#the!" A#st! li 11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111Vi$to!i 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

D&I "( I"te!lo$% S+ste' T!e"(s i" S)e(e"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111B $%-!o#"(111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111C#!!e"t L )111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111Ch lle"-es1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111S#$$ess111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111F#t#!e11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

Fi"(i"-s111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111Res#lts of S#!4e+ Metho(olo-+111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111E50e!t I"te!4ie) Res#lts1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111T!e"(s i" I"te!lo$% P!o-! 's1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

B!o (e! P !ti$i0 tio"111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111E"h "$e( T!e t'e"t "( A((i$tio" S$!ee"i"-1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111I"$!e si"- E(#$ tio", T! i"i"-, "( Co''#"i$ tio" et)ee" P !ties111111111693

Co"$l#sio"s11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111M !+l "(;s I(e l I"te!lo$% S+ste'1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

Re$o''e"( tio"s fo! M !+l "(;s I"te!lo$% P!o-! '11111111111111111111111111111111111111111169I"fo!' tio" Sh !i"-11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

C#!!e"t St te1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111Sho!t Te!' Go ls11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111Lo"- Te!' Go ls11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111I(e l P!o-! '11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

T! i"i"-111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111C#!!e"t St te1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111Sho!t Te!' Re$o''e"( tio"s111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111Lo"- Te!' Re$o''e"( tio"s1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111I(e l Sit# tio"111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

Te$h"olo-+ I"te-! tio"11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111C#!!e"t St te1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111Sho!t Te!'11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111Lo"- Te!'111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111


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I(e l S+ste'111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111Pe" lt+ "( I"$e"ti4e S+ste'111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

C#!!e"t St te1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111Sho!t Te!' Go ls11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111Lo"- Te!' Go ls11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

I(e l P!o-! '11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111T!e t'e"t11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111C#!!e"t St te1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111Sho!t Te!' Go ls11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111Lo"- Te!' Go ls11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111I(e l P!o-! '11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

Le-isl tio"111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111C#!!e"t St te1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111Sho!t Te!' Go ls11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111Lo"- Te!' Go ls11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111I(e l P!o-! '11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

Lo-isti$ l Co"si(e! tio"s fo! I"te!lo$% P!o-! ' Re$o''e"( tio"s11111111111111116=Li'it tio"s of St#(+11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111Li'it tio"s of I"fo!' tio" Te$h"olo-+ De4elo0'e"t111111111111111111111111111111111111116=?O#t$o'es f!o' Rese !$h11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

The Fe si ilit+ of P ssi4e Al$ohol Dete$tio" i" Moto! Vehi$les111111111111111111111111111116


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I"t!o(#$tio"

A$$o!(i"- to the N tio" l Hi-h) + T! ffi$ "( S fet+ A('i"ist! tio"

NHTSA , 'o!e th " t)o 'illio" l$ohol2!el te( 4ehi$le $! shes o$$#!!e( i" the

8"ite( St tes i" the +e ! 9333 !es#lti"- i" o4e! 6 ,333 f t lities1 I" M !+l "( lo"e,

o4e! 933 (ie( i" < ,333 l$ohol2!el te( $! shes i" 93391 I" 933=, NHTSA !e0o!te(

o4e! 9>3 t! ffi$ $$i(e"t f t lities i" M !+l "( )e!e !el te( to l$ohol $o"s#'0tio"1

&h t these st tisti$s i"(i$ te is th t the 0!o le' of (!i"%2(!i4i"- $o"ti"#es to

e"( "-e! so$iet+1 Sho#l( the t!e"( -o #"$he$%e(, these sho$%i"- $! sh ! tes $o#l(

i"$!e se f#!the! i" the f#t#!e1

C#!!e"tl+ o"e effe$ti4e ) +s to ((!ess this 0!o le' is th!o#-h the #se of the

i-"itio" i"te!lo$%, (e4i$e )hi$h 0!e4e"ts i"to5i$ te( (!i4e!s f!o' st !ti"- thei!

4ehi$les Bei!"ess Si'0so", 933< 1 I-"itio" i"te!lo$%s f#"$tio" + (ete!'i"i"- the

!e th l$ohol $o"$e"t! tio" i" s '0le of e5h le( i! o t i"e( f!o' the (!i4e! i"

!e th l+*e! test to 4e!if+ so !iet+1 If the (!i4e! !e-iste!s elo) 0!e(ete!'i"e(

loo( l$ohol li'it, the $ ! )ill st !t "o!' ll+ if the (!i4e! is o4e the li'it the

i-"itio" )ill e lo$%e( "( the $ ! )ill "ot st !t1 The (e4i$e lso !e7#i!es the (!i4e!

to 0!o4i(e "e) !e th s '0les i"te!'itte"tl+ )hile the $ ! is !#""i"- to e"s#!e othe!s

$ ""ot si'0l+ st !t the $ ! fo! " i"to5i$ te( (!i4e!1

&hile i"te!lo$% 0!o-! 's h 4e 0!o4e" to e o"e of the 'o!e effe$ti4e ) +s to

!e(#$e l$ohol2!el te( 4ehi$le $ollisio"s, ' "+ 0!o le's 0e!sist )ith oth the

i"te!lo$% te$h"olo-+ "( ('i"ist! ti4e 0!o-! 's1 C#!!e"t i"te!lo$%s !e

e' !! ssi"-, i"t!#si4e, "( ofte" (ist! $ti"- fo! the (!i4e!1 At $ost of

00!o5i' tel+ (oll !s 0e! 'o"th, the (e4i$es !e f i!l+ e50e"si4e to i"st ll "(

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' i"t i"1 F#!the!'o!e, the !e7#i!e( $ li ! tio" e4e!+ o"e to t)o 'o"ths "( ) !'2

#0 0e!io( of th!ee 'i"#tes i" $ol( )e the! !e"(e! the (e4i$e e5t!e'el+ i"$o"4e"ie"t

fo! #se!s1

A('i"ist! tio" of st te i"te!lo$% 0!o-! 's h s lso 0!o4e" 0!o le' ti$1

C selo (, 0 0e!)o!%, "o"$o'0li "$e, "( se"te"$i"- 'o"ito!i"-, h 4e ll 0!ese"te(

(iffi$#lties fo! ('i"ist! to!s1 The !es#lts of e $h !e th test !e !e$o!(e( "( sto!e(

i" the (e4i$e;s lo- "( '#st e 'o"ito!e( + i-"itio" i"te!lo$% 0!o-! ' st ff to

i(e"tif+ #se!s )ho $o"siste"tl+ tte'0t to (!i4e )hile i"to5i$ te(1 The te(io#s

0!o$ess !e7#i!es si*e le 0o!tio" of the st ff;s ti'e "( st!et$hes 0e!so""el $ 0 $it+to its li'its1

The (e4i$e;s $ 0 ilit+ fo! !e(#$i"- l$ohol2!el te( $! shes 'o"- #se!s h s

ee" (o$#'e"te(, #t the i"te!lo$% is still 0l -#e( + "#'e!o#s te$h"olo-i$ l "(

('i"ist! ti4e !!ie!s to its f#ll s#$$ess1 Offi$i ls '#st i' to i'0!o4e the

effe$ti4e"ess of i-"itio" i"te!lo$% ('i"ist! tio", st!e 'li"e the )o!% (o"e +

('i"ist! to!s, "( $o"f!o"t the !el ti4el+ i"$o"4e"ie"t "( #"(esi! le " t#!e of the

i"te!lo$% if the+ ho0e to i'0!o4e the i"te!lo$% s+ste'1 A((!essi"- these 0!o le's

)ill f $ilit te i'0!o4e( #tili* tio" of i"te!lo$% te$h"olo-+ "( (4 "$e the

)i(es0!e ( (o0tio" of i-"itio" i"te!lo$% te$h"olo-+ s " 00!o $h fo! !e(#$i"- the

i"$i(e"$e of (!i"%2(!i4i"-1

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O!i-i" "( De4elo0'e"t of Thesis P!o/e$t

Team Formation

This !e0o!t is the $#l'i" tio" of th!ee +e !s of !ese !$h + 8"i4e!sit+ of

M !+l "( #"(e!-! (# te !ese !$h te '1 The te ' fo!'e( i" the s0!i"- of 933< i"

$o"/#"$tio" )ith the #"i4e!sit+;s Ge'sto"e Ho"o!s 0!o-! '1 As Ge'sto"e

0 !ti$i0 "ts, te ' 'e' e!s s0e"t f#ll +e ! ! i"sto!'i"- "( e4 l# ti"- !ese !$h

to0i$s )ithi" l !-e! -!o#0 efo!e fo!'i"- !o#"( the to0i$ of i-"itio" i"te!lo$%s1

The (e$isio" to st#(+ the (e4i$es !ose f!o' 0e!$ei4e( "ee( to ette! 0!o'ote

i"te!lo$%s to the 0# li$, fi"( " ffo!( le ) + fo! 'o!e 0eo0le to i"st ll o"

4ol#"t !+ sis, "( ' %e te$h"i$ l (/#st'e"ts to the (e4i$e to ette! s#it it to these

0#!0oses1 The !ese !$h te ' is $o'0!ise( of t)el4e #"(e!-! (# te st#(e"ts "(

(4ise( + 'e$h "i$ l e"-i"ee!i"- 0!ofesso!s D!1 Di'it!ios H!ist#2V !s %elis "( D!1

G!e- . $%so", "( M /o! . + G!# e! of the De0 !t'e"t of P# li$ S fet+1

The te ' fi!st e50lo!e( the $o"$e0t of f#ll+ !e0l $i"- $#!!e"t i-"itio"i"te!lo$% s+ste's )ith te$h"olo-+ th t ) s 'o!e !eli le "( less i"t!#si4e th "

!e th l+*e!s1 &e h+0othesi*e( th t + lte!i"- the (e4i$e to ' %e it 'o!e #se!2

f!ie"(l+, it $o#l( e ' !%ete( "( 00e l 'o!e to the 0!i4 te se$to!1 As !es#lt, 'o!e

0eo0le )o#l( i"st ll (e4i$e )itho#t $o#!t ' "( te1 &e i(e"tifie( 0 !e"ts of +o#"-

(!i4e!s s t !-et (e'o-! 0hi$ si"$e the+ )o#l( e 'ost li%el+ to i"st ll the (e4i$es

to e"s#!e thei! $hil(!e" (i( "ot (!i"% "( (!i4e1 The te ' loo%e( t 4 !iet+ of

te$h"olo-ies th t h ( ee" !ese !$he( i" the fiel( "( s0o%e )ith i"te!lo$% e50e!t

Ro e!t Vo s o#t the fe si ilit+ of e5te"(i"- i"te!lo$% #se to "e) (e'o-! 0hi$s1

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Focusing Our Research

I" O$to e! 933


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i"te!4ie)s (o"e + 0ho"e, t)o te ' 'e' e!s t! 4ele( to the MVA he (7# !te!s i"

Gle" B#!"ie, M !+l "(, o" O$to e! 9 , 933=, to $o"(#$t 0e!so" l i"te!4ie)s )ith

V le"*i "( he! $olle -#es1 These i"te!4ie)s 0!o4i(e( the te ' )ith soli( 0i$t#!e

of M !+l "(;s i"te!lo$% 0!o-! ' "( )h t s0e$ts 'i-ht 'e!it i'0!o4e'e"ts1

Sho!tl+ fte! the s+'0osi#', o" De$e' e! 66, 933


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i'0le'e"t tio" 0!o le's, i"$l#(i"- /#(i$i l $o'0li "$e "( l $% of i"te!2 -e"$+

$o''#"i$ tio", l + )ith the 0!o-! ' st!#$t#!e "( "ot i" the (e4i$e itself1 As s#$h

)e $hose to 00!o $h the 0!o le' + $h "-i"- the s+ste' f!o' )ithi"1 O#! thesis

)o#l( i"$l#(e st#(+ of s#$$essf#l i"te!lo$% 0!o-! 's f!o' !o#"( the )o!l( )hose

st!e"-ths $o#l( e 00lie( to i'0!o4e M !+l "(;s 0!o-! '1 I"ste ( of (e4elo0i"-

)holl+ "e) te$h"olo-+, the te ' e- " to e50lo!e t "(e' (e4i$e th t i"$o!0o! te(

0 ssi4e se"so! )ith the t! (itio" l !e th l+*e! to !e(#$e i"t!#si4e"ess1

Developing Research Questions

The te ' $o"ti"#e( th!o#-h se4e! l 'o"ths of !ese !$h )ith -#i( "$e f!o'

Vo s "( V le"*i 1 D#!i"- this ti'e, the 0!o-! ' s# -!o#0 s0e"t -oo( (e l of effo!t

o" (e4elo0i"- s#!4e+s fo! 0!o-! ' 0 !ti$i0 "ts "( !efi"i"- the 7#estio"s fo! e50e!t

i"te!4ie)s1 Me ")hile, te ' 'e' e!s o" the te$h"olo-+ s# -!o#0 e- " l o! to!+

testi"- of the h+ !i( !e th l+*e!20 ssi4e se"so! (e4i$e1 I" ((itio", t)o te '

'e' e!s s0e"t ti'e i" the offi$es of the M !+l "( MVA;s i"te!lo$% 0!o-! '1

Th!o#-h $o"4e!s tio"s )ith V le"*i "( the th!ee othe! 0!o-! ' ('i"ist! to!s, the

te ' 'e' e!s 7#i$%l+ !e li*e( o"e $o"si(e! le )e %"ess i" the 0!o-! ' ) s l $%

of $e"t! li*e( ( t se th t sto!e( i"fo!' tio" o" i"te!lo$% 0 !ti$i0 "ts1 C!e ti"-

s#$h ( t se e$ 'e thi!( fo$#s fo! the te ', ((i"- " i"fo!' tio" te$h"olo-+

s0e$t to the 0!o/e$t;s 0!o-! ' "( (e4i$e i'0!o4e'e"t -o ls1 At the e"( of o#! fi!st

+e !, the te ' s# 'itte( thesis 0!o0os l to the Ge'sto"e 0!o-! ' th t liste( o#!

fi" li*e( !ese !$h 7#estio"s1 The !e' i"(e! of the te ';s !ese !$h "( this !e0o!t

((!ess these 7#estio"s1 The+ !e s follo)s:

What are the necessary elements of a successful interlock program, and how can the Maryland Motor ehicle !dministration improve supervision and administration of its

6=


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own program

"ow can interlocks #e made more convenient through the introduction of newtechnology$

"ow can information technology improve the interlock program in Maryland$

6


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A" I"te!" tio" l S#!4e+ of I"te!lo$%

P!o-! 's "( Re$o''e"( tio"s fo!

I'0!o4e'e"ts i" M !+l "(

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The Histo!+ of I-"itio" I"te!lo$% De4i$es

Histo!i$ ll+, 'ost effo!ts to !e(#$e (!i"%2(!i4i"- h 4e i'e( to -i4e offe"(e!s

$ #se to $o"si(e! thei! eh 4io!1 The e!o Tole! "$e L ), " tio")i(e l ), ' %es it

ille- l fo! +o#ths #"(e! the -e of 96 to (!i4e )ith 0ositi4e loo( l$ohol

$o"$e"t! tio" BAC 1 This l ) h s !e(#$e( " esti' te( = 0e!$e"t of i'0 i!e(

(!i4i"- f t lities o" 4e! -e1 The 13> BAC L ), "o) i" 0l $e i" ll 3 st tes "( the

Dist!i$t of Col#' i , lo)e!e( the le- l (!i4e! loo( l$ohol li'it f!o' 163 to 13>

0e!$e"t1 The 'i"i'#' le- l (!i"%i"- -e h s ee" o"e of the 'ost i"fl#e"ti l effo!ts

i" the 0!e4e"tio" of (!i"%2(!i4i"-1 I" 6?>=, st tes )e!e e"$o#! -e( to t !-et s 4i"-

+o#"- li4es + i"$!e si"- the 'i"i'#' le- l (!i"%i"- -e to 961 These st te l )s

h 4e 0!e4e"te( " esti' te( 33 to 6,333 (e ths 0e! +e ! T +lo!, 9339 1

N tio" l 'o4e'e"ts h 4e f#!the! !e(#$e( the "#' e! of i'0 i!e( (!i4e!s1

Si"$e 6?>3, MADD h s $h '0io"e( ' "+ effo!ts s#$h s to#-he! (!#"% (!i4i"-

0e" lties "( (! 'sho0 l )s th t ' %e selle!s of l$ohol li le fo! ( ' -es

s#st i"e( + 0e!so"s i"/#!e( + (!#"% (!i4e!s F#l%e!so", 933< 1 Ho)e4e!, (es0ite

these $$o'0lish'e"ts, (e th ! tes (#e to l$ohol2!el te( $$i(e"ts !e' i"

sho$%i"-l+ hi-h1

O4e! ti'e, hi-h) + ('i"ist! tio" offi$i ls h 4e i"$!e si"-l+ t#!"e( to

te$h"olo-+ fo! (!i"%2(!i4i"- 0!e4e"tio"1 Se4e! l (e$ (es -o, these i"(i4i(# ls e- "

to sho) i"te!est i" (e4i$es th t 0!e4e"te( i"to5i$ te( (!i4e!s f!o' st !ti"- thei!

4ehi$les1 The fi!st (e4i$e to (o this ) s (e4elo0e( i" the 6? 3s1 NHTSA too% "oti$e

of the te$h"olo-+ "( !e7#este( 0!o0os ls f!o' 0ote"ti l ' "#f $t#!e!s i" 6? 31 The

0!o0ose( s+ste' ) s " 'e( the Al$ohol S fet+ I"te!lo$% S+ste'1 I"te!est i" the

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te$h"olo-+ ) s e4i(e"t 9 fi!'s 0!o4i(e( 0!otot+0es, "( )hile "o #"its )e!e

s tisf $to!+ t the ti'e, so'e (e4i$es )e!e tho#-h to h 4e se!io#s 0ote"ti l fo!

i'0le'e"t tio" Vo s, 6?>> 1

O4e! the "e5t (e$ (e, NHTSA e- " to (e4elo0 'o!e fe si le 0!o(#$t1

E !l+ ss#'0tio"s !e- !(i"- 'e s#!e'e"ts "( o4e! ll 0#!0ose e"e!4 te( the s+ste'1

Si"$e the i"4e"tio" of the !e th l+*e! i" 6? =, the!e h ( ee" little (e4elo0'e"t fo!

#se! o0e! tio" F#l%e!so", 933< 1 B!e th test te$h"olo-+ 0!o4e( to e e sil+ foole( +

#se!s, so 0e!fo!' "$e2'e s#!i"- (e4i$es see'e( 'o!e 0! $ti$ l1 Rese!4 tio"s o#t

)o!se"i"- e'e!-e"$+ sit# tio"s le( to 4e!sio" of the (e4i$e )hi$h (i( "ot 0!e4e"tthe 4ehi$le f!o' st !ti"-, #t i"ste ( si-" le( othe! 'oto!ists + $ti4 ti"- the ho!"

"( li-hts1 The Al$ohol S fet+ I"te!lo$% S+ste' ) s the" !e" 'e( the D!#"% D!i4e!

& !"i"- S+ste'1

Most offi$i ls !e li*e( the" the 0# li$ )o#l( "e4e! $$e0t s#$h s+ste' s

"e) 4ehi$le st "( !(1 A" e !lie! tte'0t + the De0 !t'e"t of T! "s0o!t tio" to

i"st ll se t elt i"te!lo$%s $ #se( e"o!'o#s $%l sh f!o' the 0# li$1 P!o le's )ith

f lse 0ositi4es, o! e4e" le-iti' te f il#!es of the test )o#l( e' !! ss 'ost #se!s, so

0ote"ti l #se!s )e!e " !!o)e( to those )ho )o#l( e fo!$e( to i"st ll s#$h (e4i$e1

D!i"% (!i4i"- offe"(e!s 7#i$%l+ e$ 'e the 'ost lo-i$ l -!o#0 fo! 0 !ti$i0 tio"

Vo s, 6?>> 1

Pe!fo!' "$e2'e s#!i"- (e4i$es 0ose( "othe! 0!o le' fo! NHTSA

e"-i"ee!s1 A'o"- the t s%s $o'0 !e( fo! effe$ti4e"ess i" 'e s#!i"- (!i4e!

i"to5i$ tio" le4els )e!e: The C!iti$ l T! $%i"- T s%, the Re $tio" A" l+*e!, "( the

Di4i(e( Atte"tio" Test1 The C!iti$ l T! $%i"- T s% i"$l#(e( 'ete! )ith 0oi"te!

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th t 'o4e( ) + f!o' the $e"te! of the (is0l +1 The t s% ) s to tte'0t to %ee0 the

"ee(le t the $e"te! fo! so'e 'o#"t of ti'e1 I" NHTSA;s Re $tio" A" l+*e!, (!i4e!s

s ) t)o li-hts o"e )o#l( 4 !+ i" !i-ht"ess )hile the #se! t!ie( to $o"t!ol the se$o"(

li-ht to i'it te the i"te"sit+ of the fi!st1 D#!i"- the Di4i(e( Atte"tio" Test, the

0 !ti$i0 "t )o#l( h 4e to !e $t to "#' e!s (is0l +e( (#!i"- the test + 0#shi"-

0e( ls )ith thei! feet o! #tto"s o" the stee!i"- )heel1 I" ll 0e!fo!' "$e2'e s#!i"-

tests, NHTSA fo#"( li'ite( se"siti4it+ to loo( l$ohol $o"$e"t! tio"s Vo s, 6?>> 1

Ge"e! l Moto!s "( !ese !$he!s t the 8"i4e!sit+ of Mi$hi- " tte'0te(

si'il ! 0e!fo!' "$e tests (#!i"- the 6? 3s1 O"e t s% !e7#i!e( #se!s to !e'e' e! fi4e2(i-it ! "(o' "#' e! "( !e2e"te! th t "#' e! )itho#t e!!o!s i" s0e$ifi$

'o#"t of ti'e1 A"othe! test i"4ol4e( 0h+si$ l t! $%i"- t s%, "( i" oth t s%s,

0 !ti$i0 "ts )e!e -i4e" ti'e to est lish $o'fo!t le #se of the i"st!#'e"ts1 St#!-is

"( Mo!ti'e! $o"$l#(e( th t the Ge"e! l Moto!s t s%s )e!e "ot s#ffi$ie"tl+ se"siti4e

to l$ohol1

As NHTSA )o!%e( )ith 0e!fo!' "$e tests, !e th2 l$ohol 'e s#!e'e"ts

e$ 'e 'o!e !eli le )ith the i"t!o(#$tio" of se'i$o"(#$to! se"so!s1 This "e)

te$h"olo-+ ) s !e2e4 l# te( + NHTSA i" 6?> )he" se4e! l !e th2test i-"itio"

i"te!lo$%s )e!e 0!ese"te( t " i"(#st!+ )o!%sho01 E $h (e4i$e h ( its o)" sol#tio"s

fo! $o''o" $o"$e!"s s#$h s f %e !e th s '0les "( t '0e!i"-1 S#$$ess t the

)o!%sho0 !es#lte( i" f#!the! testi"- i" C lifo!"i Vo s, 6?>> 1 The !e th l+*e!

te$h"olo-+ ) s (ete!'i"e( to e effe$ti4e "( the fi!st i-"itio" i"te!lo$% l ) to

i"$o!0o! te the te$h"olo-+, the C lifo!"i F !!2D 4is D!i4e! S fet+ A$t, ) s e" $te(

i" 6?> 1 Th!o#-ho#t the 6??3s, 0ilot 0!o-! 's e50 "(e( i"to (iffe!e"t st tes "(

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(e4elo0e!s "ee(e( to ((!ess se4e! l 0!o le's )ith the "e) e7#i0'e"t1

Ne4e!theless, the !e th l+*e! !e' i"s the (efi"iti4e i"te!lo$% te$h"olo-+ "(

NHTSA 0# lishe( (e4i$e 'o(el s0e$ifi$ tio"s i" 6??9 M !7#es, et l, 6??? 1

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22/258

B $%-!o#"( o" the I-"itio" I"te!lo$% P!o-! ' i" M !+l "(

Afte! NHTSA e4 l# te( the "e) !e th2test i-"itio" i"te!lo$%s i" the l te

6?>3s "( (ete!'i"e( the te$h"olo-+ to e effe$ti4e, M !+l "( too% ste0s to

i"$o!0o! te the i"te!lo$% i"to its i'0 i!e( (!i4i"- s+ste'1 The i"te!lo$% 0!o-! ',

)!itte" i"to M !+l "( l ) i" 6?>?, ) s i"$o!0o! te( i"to the st te;s i'0 i!e( (!i4i"-

s+ste' s " ('i"ist! ti4e s "$tio" fo! !e0e t offe"(e!s $o"4i$te( of (!i4i"- #"(e!

the i"fl#e"$e D8I of l$ohol1

Maryland%s &mpaired Driving 'ystem

M !+l "(;s i'0 i!e( (!i4i"- s+ste' is s# (i4i(e( + A "( B offe"ses1

A offe"ses o$$#! )he" 0e!so" !e$o!(s BAC -!e te! th " o! e7# l to 313>, )hile

B offe"ses !e those )ith BAC less th " 313>1 &he" (!i4e! is !!este( o" "

i'0 i!e( (!i4i"- $h !-e, he o! she '#st $o'0lete !e th test t 0oli$e st tio" to

(ete!'i"e BAC le4el1 If the test is "ot $o'0lete( )ithi" t)o ho#!s of !!est o! the

offe"(e! f ils to $oo0e! te )ith the 0!o$e(#!e, the offe"(e! is $o"si(e!e( to h 4e!ef#se( the test1

D!i4i"- )hile i"to5i$ te( D&I $ ses i" M !+l "( !e 0!ose$#te( "(

(/#(i$ te( t the $o#"t+ le4el1 Ofte" $o#"ties, /#(-es, "( 0!ose$#to!s 4 !+ -!e tl+

i" thei! 0! $ti$e of D&I l ), es0e$i ll+ )ith !e- !(s to i"te!lo$% se"te"$i"-1 As

!es#lt, offe"(e!s $ " e"- -e i" /#(-e sho00i"- to !i"- thei! $ ses i" f!o"t of /#(-es

)ho !e %"o)" fo! le"ie"$+ "( lesse! se"te"$i"-1 Not o"l+ (oes /#(-e sho00i"-

llo) offe"(e!s to e4 (e 00!o0!i te s "$tio"i"-, it (el +s the $o#!t 0!o$ess "(

i"$!e ses the $h "$e of " offe"se "e4e! !e $hi"- t!i l t ll1

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Re- !(less of thei! BAC t !!est, fi!st2ti'e offe"(e!s -e"e! ll+ 0le ( to B

offe"se (#!i"- t!i l "( !e se"te"$e( to 0!o tio" efo!e /#(-'e"t1 P!o tio" efo!e

/#(-'e"t i"$l#(es o"e +e ! of 0!o tio" $o#0le( )ith l$ohol e(#$ tio"

!e7#i!e'e"ts1 80o" $o'0letio" of the se"te"$e, offe"(e! D&I !e$o!(s !e $le !e(1

Co"se7#e"tl+, "+ !e0e t offe"se )ithi" fi4e +e !s is $o"si(e!e( fi!st offe"se i"

te!'s of $!i'i" l 0e" lties "( 'i-ht !es#lt i" "othe! 0!o tio" efo!e /#(-'e"t

se"te"$e1 Mo!e ofte", these i"(i4i(# ls 0le ( (o)" to B offe"se "( !e$ei4e

fi"e "( 0!o tio"1 . il "( $o''#"it+ se!4i$e !e t+0i$ ll+ o"l+ e"fo!$e( fo! thi!( o!

s# se7#e"t offe"ses1The $h !t i" Fi-#!e 6 (es$!i es the $!i'i" l 0e" lties fo! fi!st, se$o"(, "(

thi!(2ti'e offe"(e!s i" M !+l "(1

Figure 1: Maryland Criminal PenaltiesType ofPenalty

First Offense Second Offense Third Offense

Fine B : J 33133A : J6,333

B : J 33133A : J9,333

B : J 33133A : J9,333

Jail B : 3 ( +sA : 6 +e ! B : 6 +e ! ( +s ' "( to!+ if)ithi" +e !s, o!$o''#"it+se!4i$e

A : 9 +e !s

B : 6 +e ! A : < +e !s 63( +s ' "( to!+ if)ithi" +e !s, o!$o''#"it+se!4i$e

Driver s!icenseSuspension

B : 3 ( +s s#s0e"sio"A : 2'o"th !e4o$ tio"

B : 693 ( +ss#s0e"sio"

A : 6 +e !!e4o$ tio"

B : 693 ( +ss#s0e"sio"

A : 6 +e !!e4o$ tio"

Pro"ation

#eforeJudgment

Yes No No

CommunityService

No"e


24/258

I" the ('i"ist! ti4e s+ste', offe"(e!s !e "ot -! "te( the s 'e le"ie"$+ the+

'i-ht fi"( )ith the 0!o tio" efo!e /#(-'e"t se"te"$e1 Offe"ses !e "ot e! se( f!o'

" i"(i4i(# l;s !e$o!(, "( ('i"ist! ti4e offi$i ls ' + s#s0e"( the li$e"se of "+

A offe"(e! !e- !(less of 0!io! offe"ses1 A offe"(e!s h 4e the !i-ht to 00e !

efo!e " A('i"ist! ti4e L ) .#(-e to 00e l the s#s0e"sio" o! 'o(if+ the te!'s to

$$o''o( te t! 4el fo! s$hool, e'0lo+'e"t, o! 'e(i$ l t!e t'e"t1

I-"itio" i"te!lo$%s !e 'ost f!e7#e"tl+ #se( i" the ('i"ist! ti4e s+ste' s

0e" lt+ fo! !e0e t D8I offe"(e!s those )ho h 4e ee" $o"4i$te( of t)o o! 'o!e

se!io#s l$ohol offe"ses )ithi" fi4e +e ! 0e!io(1 A !e0e t offe"(e! $ " ele$t toi"st ll " i-"itio" i"te!lo$% i" his $ ! fte! se!4i"- ' "( to!+ o"e2+e ! h !( li$e"se

s#s0e"sio"1 If the offe"(e! (oes "ot $hoose to i"st ll " i"te!lo$% (e4i$e, he )ill h 4e

to se!4e ((itio" l li$e"se s#s0e"sio" ti'e s (ete!'i"e( + the $o#!ts1 The i-"itio"

i"te!lo$% s+ste' is (is$#sse( i" (et il i" the follo)i"- se$tio"s1

The $h !t i" Fi-#!e 9 (es$!i es M !+l "(;s A('i"ist! ti4e D!i4e!;s Li$e"se

S "$tio"s1 These s "$tio"s ' + e e"fo!$e( i" ((itio" to "+ $!i'i" l 0e" lties1

Figure $: Maryland %dministrative Driver s !icense Sanctions#lood %lcohol!evel

First Offense Second Offense Third Offense

Ref#s l to s# 'itto loo(, !e tho! #!i"e test

693 ( +s o! 6 +e !i"te!lo$%

6 +e ! s#s0e"sio" 6 +e ! s#s0e"sio"

B offe"se No"e No"e No"eA offe"se = ( +s ' + -et)o!% 'o(ifi$ tio"

?3 ( +s ' + -et)o!% 'o(ifi$ tio"

?3 ( +s ' + -et)o!% 'o(ifi$ tio"

As i" ' "+ st tes, BAC test !ef#s ls 0ose si-"ifi$ "t 0!o le' i" M !+l "(

s the !es#lts hel0 e"s#!e D&I $o"4i$tio"s "( i(e"tif+ 0!o le' (!i"%e!s1 Hi-h BAC

9


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26/258

The &nterlock (omponent of Maryland%s &mpaired Driving 'ystem

As $o'0o"e"t of M !+l "(;s i'0 i!e( (!i4i"- 0e" lt+ s+ste', the st te

e" $te( its fi!st i-"itio" i"te!lo$% st t#te, M !+l "( Vehi$le l ) 9 263 , i" . "# !+

6?>?1 At th t ti'e, fe) st tes h ( e" $te( i"te!lo$% l )s, "( th#s M !+l "( ) s

$o"si(e!e( fi!st2'o4e! i" the fiel(1 The st t#te (efi"e( the i-"itio" i"te!lo$% s+ste'

s " ((itio" l 0e" lt+ fo! (!i4i"- #"(e! the i"fl#e"$e of l$ohol1 F#!the!'o!e, "

i-"itio" i"te!lo$% (e4i$e ) s (efi"e( s (e4i$e th t $o""e$ts 'oto! 4ehi$le

i-"itio" s+ste' to !e th " l+*e! th t 'e s#!es (!i4e!;s loo( l$ohol le4el "(

0!e4e"ts 'oto! 4ehi$le i-"itio" f!o' st !ti"- if (!i4e!;s loo( l$ohol le4el

e5$ee(s the $ li ! te( setti"- o" the (e4i$e1

The st t#te lso o#tli"e( $o#!t $tio"s, $o#!t "( ('i"ist! tio" !e$o!(s, "(

$o"(itio"s i'0ose(1 &he" the $o#!t i'0oses the #se of " i-"itio" i"te!lo$% s 0 !t of

" offe"(e!;s se"te"$e, the $o#!t is !e7#i!e( to st te o" the !e$o!( the !e7#i!e'e"t fo!

" i"te!lo$% "( the 0e!io( of #se this i"fo!' tio" '#st the" e !el +e( to the

M !+l "( MVA1 The MVA is !es0o"si le fo! e"s#!i"- th t its !e$o!(s !efle$t th t the

offe"(e! is "ot 0e!'itte( to (!i4e 'oto! 4ehi$le )itho#t the i"te!lo$% i"st lle(,

!!i"- "+ e5$e0tio"s set fo!th + the $o#!t1 O"e e5$e0tio" o#tli"e( + the st t#te

o$$#!s i" the e4e"t th t 0e!so" is !e7#i!e( to o0e! te 'oto! 4ehi$le fo!

e'0lo+'e"t 0#!0oses "( th t 4ehi$le (oes "ot h 4e " i-"itio" i"te!lo$% i"st lle(1

A((itio" ll+, the offe"(e! '#st 0!o4i(e 0!oof of i"st ll tio" of " i"te!lo$% (e4i$e

"( 0e!io(i$ !e0o!ti"- to se!4i$e 0!o4i(e! fo! 4e!ifi$ tio" of 0!o0e! #se of the

i"te!lo$%1 Fi" ll+, the offe"(e! is !e7#i!e( to 0 + the $ost of le si"- #+i"-,

9


27/258

'o"ito!i"-, "( ' i"t i"i"- the s+ste' the ('i"ist! tio" ' + est lish 0 +'e"t

s$he(#le )he" "e$ess !+1

As (efi"e( i" the st t#te, " offe"(e! is 0!ohi ite( f!o' o0e! ti"- 'oto!

4ehi$le )itho#t " i-"itio" i"te!lo$% (e4i$e i"st lle( o! soli$iti"- o! h 4i"- "othe!

0e!so" st !t 'oto! 4ehi$le e7#i00e( )ith " i-"itio" i"te!lo$% (e4i$e1 Offe"(e!s !e

lso 0!ohi ite( f!o' t '0e!i"- )ith o! tte'0ti"- to $i!$#'4e"t the o0e! tio" of "

i-"itio" i"te!lo$% s+ste'1 Also, 0e!so" is 0!ohi ite( f!o' %"o)i"-l+ f#!"ishi"-

'oto! 4ehi$le "ot e7#i00e( )ith " i-"itio" i"te!lo$% to " offe"(e! )ho is 0!ohi ite(

f!o' o0e! ti"- 'oto! 4ehi$le )itho#t " i-"itio" i"te!lo$% i"st lle(1I" $$o!( "$e )ith the "e) l ), the M !+l "( De0 !t'e"t of T! "s0o!t tio";s

Moto! Vehi$le A('i"ist! tio" est lishe( !e-#l tio"s fo! the $e!tifi$ tio",

i"st ll tio", !e0 i!, "( !e'o4 l of " i-"itio" i"te!lo$% (e4i$e, s )ell s -#i(eli"es

fo! 0 !ti$i0 "t eli-i ilit+ "( 'i"i'#' st "( !(s fo! se!4i$e 0!o4i(e!s1 Co!!el tio",

!eli ilit+, $$#! $+, se$#!it+, e"4i!o"'e"t l, "( o0e! tio" l st "( !(s $!iti$ l to the

s#$$ess of the 0!o-! ' )e!e $!e te(1 I" ((itio", -#i(eli"es fo! 0!o(#$t li ilit+,

i"s0e$tio"s, (e4i$e !e'o4 l, "( !e4o$ tio" of 00!o4 l of (e4i$es )e!e set1

D#!i"- the 6??3;s, M !+l "(;s i"te!lo$% 0!o-! ' -! (# ll+ e4ol4e(1 Be$ #se

'ost st tes )e!e ehi"( M !+l "( i" e" $ti"- i"te!lo$% le-isl tio", o"l+ s' ll ste0s

)e!e ' (e + the fe(e! l -o4e!"'e"t to e4ol4e the st te of the i"te!lo$% s+ste'1 I"

6??>, the fe(e! l -o4e!"'e"t $!e te( the T! "s0o!t tio" E7#it+ A$t fo! the 96 st

Ce"t#!+ this si-"ifi$ "tl+ (4 "$e( the st te of the i-"itio" i"te!lo$% s+ste' "ot o"l+

i" M !+l "(, #t th!o#-ho#t the 8"ite( St tes1

The &ffects of T&%'$1

9


28/258

The T! "s0o!t tio" E7#it+ A$t fo! the 96 st Ce"t#!+ TEA296 ) s e" $te( o"

.#"e ?, 6??> i" s#00o!t of 4 !iet+ of fe(e! l i"iti ti4es s#$h s i'0!o4i"- 0# li$

s fet+, 0!ote$ti"- the e"4i!o"'e"t, "( $!e ti"- e'0lo+'e"t o00o!t#"it+1 O"e se$tio"

of TEA296 fo$#se( o" s fe-# !(i"- the " tio";s hi-h) +s "( #tho!i*e( the fe(e! l

s#!f $e t! "s0o!t tio" 0!o-! 's fo! hi-h) +s, hi-h) + s fet+, "( t! "sit et)ee"

6??> "( 933 st "( !(1 B+ 933=, = st tes i"$l#(i"- M !+l "( e" $te( le-isl tio" to

e"fo!$e le- l BAC le4el of 313>1 TEA296 $!e te( " ((itio" l J96? 'illio" i"

-! "t 'o"e+ fo! st tes to e" $t es$ l te( li$e"si"- fo! i"(i4i(# ls $o"4i$te( of

(!i4i"- #"(e! the i"fl#e"$e1 Es$ l te( li$e"si"- e"s#!es th t h !( $o!e (!i"%i"-2

(!i4e!s !e$ei4e the h !shest 0e" lties "( !e th#s 0!e4e"te( fo! lo"-e! 0e!io(s of

ti'e f!o' (!i"%2(!i4i"- "( e"( "-e!i"- li4es1 P!o-! 's $!e te( #"(e! TEA296 !e

('i"iste!e( + NHTSA1

I" .#l+ 6??>, the o!i-i" l ill ) s 'e"(e( th!o#-h the TEA296 Resto! tio"

A$t )hi$h i"$l#(e( st!i"-e"t 0!o4isio" to e"s#!e the )i(es0!e ( (o0tio" of Re0e t

I"to5i$ te( D!i4e! l )s1 Re0e t I"to5i$ te( D!i4e! l )s t !-ete( i"(i4i(# ls )ho h (

ee" $o"4i$te( t)o o! 'o!e ti'es fo! (!i4i"- )hile i"to5i$ te( D&I o! (!i4i"-

#"(e! the i"fl#e"$e D8I 1 The l )s ' "( te( se!ies of 0e" lties fo! these

9


29/258

offe"(e!s li$e"se s#s0e"sio" fo! t le st o"e +e !, 4ehi$le i'0o#"('e"t o! i"te!lo$%

i"st ll tio" o" e $h of the offe"(e!s; 4ehi$les, " l$ohol #se ssess'e"t "(

'e(i$ l t!e t'e"t, "( tie!e( $o''#"it+ se!4i$e "( i'0!iso"'e"t 0e" lties fo!

se$o"( o! s# se7#e"t offe"ses1 St tes th t (i( "ot $!e te these l )s + O$to e! 6,

9333 )o#l( lose o"e "( h lf 0e!$e"t of thei! hi-h) + f#"(s to " 00o!tio"'e"t

fo! (!i"%2(!i4i"- $o#"te!'e s#!es "( e"fo!$e'e"t Mi"i'#' Pe" lties, 6??> 1

The f#"(s lost )o#l( i"$!e se to th!ee 0e!$e"t fte! O$to e! 6, 9339, 0!o4i(i"- st tes

)ith st!o"- i"$e"ti4e fo! i'0le'e"ti"- the "e) 'e s#!es to $o' t (!i"%2(!i4i"-1

(nterloc) %dministration

M !+l "( !est!#$t#!e( its o)" i"te!lo$% 0!o-! ' i" e !l+ 6??> to i"te-! te the

4 !io#s ('i"ist! ti4e -e"$ies i"to o"e o4e!si-ht o(+1 I" 9339, the"2Go4e!"o! P !is

Gle"(e"i"- si-"e( l ) to ' "( te i"te!lo$% i"st ll tio" fo! ll i"(i4i(# ls

$o"4i$te( of (!i"%2(!i4i"- t)i$e )ithi" fi4e2+e ! 0e!io( O;B!ie", 9339 1 The l )

lso !e7#i!e( h !( li$e"se s#s0e"sio" of o"e +e ! efo!e the i-"itio" i"te!lo$% $o#l(

e i"st lle(1

C#!!e"tl+ i" M !+l "(, le-isl ti4e effo!ts !e ei"- ' (e to eli'i" te the

' "( to!+ o"e2+e ! h !( s#s0e"sio" " offe"(e! is s# /e$t to efo!e he is llo)e( to

h 4e " i"te!lo$% i"st lle( i" his 4ehi$le1 St#(+ fi"(i"-s i"(i$ te th t the

effe$ti4e"ess of li$e"se s#s0e"sio" "( !e4o$ tio" ' + e li'ite( )ith '#lti0le

l$ohol offe"(e!s, ' "+ of )ho' $o"ti"#e to (!i4e )ith s#s0e"(e( o! !e4o%e(

li$e"se Be$% et l1, 6??? 1 The -o l is to !e(#$e the ' "( to!+ s#s0e"sio" so th t

(!i4e!s $ " h 4e i-"itio" i"te!lo$%s i"st lle( i" thei! $ !s 'o!e 7#i$%l+1 The lo"-e! it

t %es to i"st ll " i-"itio" i"te!lo$% i" " offe"(e!;s $ !, the 'o!e li%el+ th t offe"(e!

9>


30/258

is to (!i4e o" s#s0e"(e( li$e"se1 I"st lli"- " i"te!lo$%s i" " offe"(e!;s 4ehi$le

h s ee" 0!o4e" to !e(#$e the li%elihoo( th t the offe"(e! )ill !e$i(i4 te )hile the

(e4i$e is i"st lle(1 This fi"(i"- ) s $o"fi!'e( i" ! "(o'i*e( t!i l i" M !+l "( )ith

(!i4e!s )ith '#lti0le l$ohol offe"ses it ) s o se!4e( th t 0 !ti$i0 tio" i" the

i"te!lo$% 0!o-! ' !e(#$e( offe"(e!s !is% of $o''itti"- " l$ohol t! ffi$ 4iol tio"

+ o#t 0e!$e"t )hile the (e4i$e is i"st lle( Be$% et l1, 6??? 1

The st te;s ('i"ist! ti4e i"te!lo$% 0!o-! ' is $#!!e"tl+ !#" + st ff of fo#!

0eo0le t the M !+l "( MVA1 A00!o5i' tel+ ,333 0eo0le !e e"!olle( i" the

i"te!lo$% 0!o-! ', #t o"l+ =,9 3, o! 3 0e!$e"t, $t# ll+ h 4e i"te!lo$%s i"st lle( .1V le"*i , 0e!so" l $o''#"i$ tio", Fe !# !+ 9


31/258

Figure *: Process through +hich Drin)'Driving Offender &nters (nterloc) System

The MVA )o!%s )ith fo#! (iffe!e"t se!4i$e 0!o4i(e!s: D! e-e! I"te!lo$%,

N tio" l I"te!lo$% Se!4i$es MD Lt(1, G# !(i " I"te!lo$%, "( S' !t St !t1 A se!4i$e

0!o4i(e! s#00lies e $h offe"(e! )ith " i"te!lo$% (e4i$e th t $o"t i"s " l$ohol2

s0e$ifi$ f#el $ell1 The se!4i$e 0!o4i(e! t! i"s the offe"(e! -etti"- the (e4i$e i"st lle(

i" his $ ! "( te $hes hi' ho) to o0e! te the (e4i$e1 The offe"(e! is !es0o"si le fo!

!et#!"i"- to the se!4i$e 0!o4i(e! fo! 'o"thl+ $he$%2#0s (#!i"- )hi$h ti'e ll of the

i"fo!' tio" sto!e( o" the (e4i$e "#' e! of !e2tests, !e$o!(e( BAC le4els, et$1 is

(o)"lo (e( i"to $o'0#te! s+ste'1 This i"fo!' tio" is the" se"t to the MVA so


32/258

('i"ist! to!s $ " (ete!'i"e ho) $losel+ e $h offe"(e! is i(i"- + the !#les of the

0!o-! '1 Fo! e5 '0le, $$o!(i"- to . "e V le"*i , ( t $olle$te( + D! e-e!

I"te!lo$% i" De$e' e! 933 i"(i$ te( 9,6> hi-h BAC !e$o!(i"-s o4e! 139 o#t of

=,>< tests fo! >3? $lie"ts1 Offe"(e!s )ho 4iol te the !#les ' + e s# /e$t to

i"$!e se( 0e" lties s (ete!'i"e( + the MVA o" $ se + $ se sis1 Fi-#!es = "(

ill#st! te the offe"(e!;s 0!o-!essio" th!o#-h the i"te!lo$% 0e!io( "( li$e"se

!ei"st te'e"t 0!o$ess1

Figure ,: Progress through the (nterloc) PeriodFigure -: !icense .einstatement Process


33/258

The se!4i$e 0!o4i(e! 0 !ti$i0 tio" -!ee'e"t $!e te( + the MVA sti0#l tes

th t ll se!4i$e 0!o4i(e!s '#st 'eet the " tio" l st "( !(s set fo!th + NHTSA;s 6??9

s0e$ifi$ tio"s "( -#i(eli"es fo! B!e th Al$ohol I-"itio" I"te!lo$% De4i$es1 Ve"(o!s

'#st lso $o'0l+ )ith o"2site i"s0e$tio"s $o"(#$te( + the MVA1 These o"2site

i"s0e$tio"s e"s#!e th t 4e"(o!s h 4e the 00!o0!i te f $ilities, e7#i0'e"t, "(

(o$#'e"t tio"1 D#!i"- the i"s0e$tio", the MVA $o'0letes M !+l "( I-"itio"

I"te!lo$% P!o-! ' O"2Site I"s0e$tio" Fo!' to 4e!if+ th t se!4i$e 0!o4i(e!s i"st ll the

i"te!lo$% (e4i$es i" t '0e! 0!oof ' ""e!1 D t lo--e!s !e lso i"s0e$te( to e"s#!e

th t the+ $o"t i" ll !e7#i!e( i"fo!' tio" o#t the $#sto'e!s, 4ehi$les, i"st ll tio"( te, "( i"te!lo$% #s -e ( t 1 The i-"itio" i"te!lo$% (e4i$es sol( + the se!4i$e

0!o4i(e!s '#st lso 'eet NHTSA B!e th Al$ohol I-"itio" I"te!lo$% De4i$e

s0e$ifi$ tio"s effe$ti4e A0!il 6??91 The s0e$ifi$ tio"s est lish 0e!fo!' "$e $!ite!i

"( 'etho(s of testi"- fo! i-"itio" i"te!lo$% (e4i$es s#$h s: $$#! $+ 0!e$isio" test

!e7#i!e'e"ts, !e th s '0li"- !e7#i!e'e"t, $ li ! tio" st ilit+, te'0e! t#!e tests,

"( t '0e!i"- "( $i!$#'4e"tio"1


34/258

Metho(olo-+

To "s)e! the fo!e'e"tio"e( !ese !$h 7#estio"s, the te ' $olle$te(

i"fo!' tio" f!o' oth 0!i' !+ "( se$o"( !+ so#!$es1 P!i' !+ !ese !$h ) s

$o"(#$te( + s#!4e+i"- i"te!lo$% 0!o-! ' 0 !ti$i0 "ts i" the st te of M !+l "( "(

i"te!4ie)i"- e50e!ts i" the i-"itio" i"te!lo$% fiel(1 Se$o"( !+ !ese !$h o"

I"te!" tio" l I-"itio" I"te!lo$% S+'0osi#' 0!ese"t tio"s "( fi"(i"-s, T! ffi$

I"(#st!+ Rese !$h Fo#"( tio" 0!o/e$ts, "( othe! !e0o!ts $o"t i"i"- st te2 o! $o#"t!+2

s0e$ifi$ ( t e" le( the te ' to 'o!e f#ll+ ((!ess the !ese !$h 7#estio"s1 The

se$o"( !ese !$h 7#estio" !e- !(i"- the #se of i"fo!' tio" te$h"olo-+ ) s 0!i' !il+

((!esse( + )o!%i"- $losel+ )ith the MVA to hel0 (e4elo0 "e) $lie"t ( t

' " -e'e"t s+ste', the I"te!lo$% C se M " -e!1

'urvey Methodology

/uestion Development

Co"(#$ti"- o!i-i" l s#!4e+ !ese !$h 0!o4e( to e o"e of o#! 'ost $h lle"-i"-o st $les1 The s#!4e+s )e!e (esi-"e( to eli$it M !+l "( i"te!lo$% 0 !ti$i0 "ts;

o0i"io"s of the s+ste' so s to 0!o4i(e $o"$!ete " l+sis of the !e s of the 0!o-! '

'ost "ee(i"- i'0!o4e'e"t1 &e sele$te( s#!4e+ 'etho(olo-+ e$ #se it )o#l(

llo) #s to (! ) 7# "tifie( (es$!i0tio" f!o' s0e$ifi$ 0o0#l tio" S 0sfo!(, 6??? 1

I" o!(e! to $hie4e st tisti$ ll+ si-"ifi$ "t !es#lts, )e $ l$#l te( s '0le si*e of

!o#"( < 6, se( o" " esti' te( ,333 M !+l "( i"te!lo$% 0 !ti$i0 "ts1

I" o!(e! to 'o4e fo!) !( )ith o#! s#!4e+s i" $$o!( "$e )ith #"i4e!sit+

0oli$+, the te ' $o'0lete( " I"stit#tio" l Re4ie) Bo !( IRB 0!o0os l th!o#-h the

8"i4e!sit+ of M !+l "( i" the s0!i"- of 933=1 The 8"i4e!sit+ of M !+l "( !e7#i!es ll


35/258

$ '0#s !ese !$h -!o#0s to o t i" IRB 00!o4 l to 0!ote$t s# /e$ts1 O#! s0e$ifi$ IRB

)o#l( e"s#!e th t the !i-hts "( )elf !e of MVA ('i"ist! to!s, i"te!lo$% 4e"(o!s,

0!o-! ' 0 !ti$i0 "ts, "( fiel( e50e!ts ) s 0!ote$te( (#!i"- te ' i"te!4ie)s "(

s#!4e+s1 To se$#!e 00!o4 l the te ' s# 'itte( o#! 0!o/e$t st! $t, 'etho(s of

s# /e$t sele$tio", i"te!4ie)i"- "( s#!4e+i"- 0!o$e(#!es, list of s# /e$t !is%s "(

e"efits, "( $o0ies of the $o"se"t fo!'s fo! i"te!4ie) "( s#!4e+ s# /e$ts

0%ppendi 12 %ppendi $3 1 &e lso "ote( 0ote"ti l $o"fli$ts of i"te!est "( i"$l#(e(

$o'0lete $o0+ of i"te!4ie) "( s#!4e+ 7#estio"s1 Afte! !e$ei4i"- i"iti l IRB

00!o4 l, the te ' file( " ((e"(#' to $o4e! lte! tio"s to s#!4e+ 7#estio"s ' (e i"!es0o"se to 4e"(o! $o"$e!"s o4e! 0ote"ti l i ses1 A se$o"( ((e"(#' ) s file( l te!

to llo) fo! " ele$t!o"i$ $o"se"t fo!' th t $o#l( e #se( fo! "+o"e )ho $hose to

$o'0lete " o"li"e 4e!sio" of the s#!4e+1

The te ' $hose to (ist!i #te the s#!4e+s t 4e"(o! lo$ tio"s th!o#-ho#t the

st te, %"o)i"- th t e $h 0 !ti$i0 "t '#st 4isit o"e of these lo$ tio"s e $h 'o"th fo!

(e4i$e se!4i$i"- "( ( t (o)"lo (1 V le"*i ssiste( the te ' i" o#! (ist!i #tio"

effo!ts + $o"t $ti"- 4e"(o!s to !e7#est thei! $oo0e! tio" i" o#! !ese !$h1 8lti' tel+

ll fo#! $e!tifie( 4e"(o! $o'0 "ies i" M !+l "( -!ee( to (ist!i #te the s#!4e+s t

thei! 'ost 0o0#lo#s lo$ tio"s1

&e s0e"t se4e! l )ee%s i" the s0!i"- of 933= (e4isi"- 00!o0!i te 7#estio"s

fo! the s#!4e+1 Te ' 'e' e!s fi!st (e4elo0e( list of 7#estio"s o" thei! o)" efo!e

$o' i"i"- the' )ith the !est of the te ' i"to ' ste! list of 6= 7#estio"s, 66 o"

Li%e!t s$ le of o"e to fi4e "( th!ee o0e"2e"(e(, )hi$h fo$#se( o" ho) 0 !ti$i0 "ts

4ie)e( the i"te!lo$% 0!o-! ' "( the (e4i$e itself 0%ppendi *3 1 The te ' 'e"(e(


36/258

the s#!4e+ i" Se0te' e! 933= to i"$l#(e se4e" ((itio" l 7#estio"s !el ti"- to

0 !ti$i0 "t i"te!"et h its "( i"te! $tio" )ith the MVA 0%ppendi ,3 1 The ((itio" l

7#estio"s )e!e i'e( t e4 l# ti"- the e"efit of 0!o4i(i"- " i"te!lo$% 0!o-! '

)e 0 -e th!o#-h the MVA1

Afte! se$#!i"- IRB 00!o4 l )e se"t the !e4ise( s#!4e+s to $oo0e! ti"-

4e"(o!s, D! e-e! I"te!lo$%, G# !(i " I"te!lo$%, N tio" l I"te!lo$%, "( S' !t St !t,

fo! !e4ie)1 &ithi" ( +s se4e! l 4e"(o!s $o"t $te( V le"*i )ith $o"$e!"s th t the

7#estio"s )e!e le (i"- "( e"$o#! -e( 0 !ti$i0 "ts to ss#'e "e- ti4e 4ie) of the

0!o-! '1 &e !e4ie)e( the s#!4e+ "( !e4ise( the l "-# -e i" the 7#estio"s to ((!essthe 4e"(o!s; $o"$e!"s 0%ppendi -3 1 The s#!4e+ #lti' tel+ se"t to 4e"(o!s fo!

(ist!i #tio" h ( #"(e!-o"e tot l of fo#! !e4isio"s 0%ppendi 43 1

Survey Distri"ution

T)o of the 4e"(o!s -!ee( to (ist!i #te the s#!4e+ i''e(i tel+, )hile

' " -e!s t S' !t St !t "( N tio" l I"te!lo$% !e7#este( $h "$e to !e4ie) the

s#!4e+ o"$e 'o!e1 S' !t St !t 7#i$%l+ 00!o4e( the "e) 4e!sio", #t N tio" l

I"te!lo$% (i( "ot !es0o"(1 The te ' $o"ti"#e( )ith thei! i"7#i!ies t N tio" l

I"te!lo$% + 0ho"e "( e' il, "( e $h ti'e ) s tol( the s#!4e+ ) s #"(e! !e4ie)1

Afte! se4e! l 'o"ths )itho#t 0!o-!ess the te ' h lte( its effo!ts to (ist!i #te t

N tio" l I"te!lo$% lo$ tio"s1

S#!4e+s (eli4e!e( to the th!ee 0 !ti$i0 ti"- lo$ tio"s i" No4e' e! 933= )e!e

0!i"te( o" o"e (o# le2si(e( > + 66 0 -e )ith the $o"se"t fo!'s tt $he( to the

f!o"t1 Fo! e $h lo$ tio", the te ' lso $o"st!#$te( o5 $o4e!e( )ith )hite 0 0e!

th t (es$!i e( the 0#!0ose of the s#!4e+, s )ell s si"-le20 -e 0 '0hlets th t


37/258

e50l i"e( the te ';s -o ls1 D! e-e! I"te!lo$% -!ee( to (ist!i #te the s#!4e+ t t)o of

thei! lo$ tio"s, G# !(i " I"te!lo$% -!ee( to (ist!i #te t th!ee, "( S' !t St !t

-!ee( to (ist!i #te t fo#! lo$ tio"s1 A00!o5i' tel+ 3 s#!4e+s 0e! (ist!i #tio"

lo$ tio" )e!e (eli4e!e( to the $o'0 "ies; $e"t! l lo$ tio"s i" Ro$%4ille, To)so", "(

F!e(e!i$%1 The te ' !! "-e( fo! 4e"(o! te$h"i$i "s t e $h lo$ tio" to eithe! 0l $e

the s#!4e+s "( (e0osit o5es i" 4isi le s0 $e o! (i!e$tl+ h "( the s#!4e+s to

0 !ti$i0 "ts s the+ e"te!e( "( (i!e$t the' to 0l $e it i" the o5 )he" $o'0lete(1

O!i-i" ll+ the te ' i"te"(e( to le 4e the s#!4e+s t e $h lo$ tio" fo!

00!o5i' tel+ t)o 'o"ths1 As e $h i"te!lo$% 0 !ti$i0 "t is !e7#i!e( to 4isit 4e"(o!lo$ tio" e4e!+


38/258

F ! f!o' the < 6 )e "ti$i0 te(, o#! fi" l s '0le si*e ) s o"l+ t)o 0 0e! "( se4e"

o"li"e s#!4e+s1

&nformation Technology )rogram Development

The 0!i' !+ i"fo!' tio" te$h"olo-+ IT $o"$e!" i" M !+l "(;s i"te!lo$%

0!o-! ' is the l $% of $e"t! li*e( ( t se fo! 0 !ti$i0 "t !e$o!(s "( 0!o-!ess1

E $h 'o"th, fo#! 0!o-! ' ('i"ist! to!s t the MVA '#st e5 'i"e e $h

0 !ti$i0 "t;s 'o"thl+ ( t lo- to i(e"tif+ "+ 0 tte!" of f ile( tests th t 'i-ht i"(i$ te

!e0e te( "o"2$o'0li "$e1 Mo4i"- these 0!i"te( !e$o!(s i"to $o'0#te! s+ste'

)o#l( ' %e the 0!o$ess 'o!e $$#! te "( effi$ie"t "( f!ee -!e t (e l of the

('i"ist! to!s; ti'e fo! othe! 0!o/e$ts s#$h s i"(i4i(# l $ se)o!%1 To ssist i" this

effo!t, the te ' $hose to (e4elo0 " i"te-! te( ( t se s+ste', the I"te!lo$% C se

M " -e!1 This s+ste' is (esi-"e( to eli'i" te the $#!!e"t te(i#' e50e!ie"$e( +

MVA st ff )he" $o"(#$ti"- si'0le se !$h th!o#-h '+!i ( of (iffe!e"t s+ste's1

I" (e4elo0i"- the I"te!lo$% C se M " -e! s+ste', the te ' ) s s# /e$t to the

s 'e !e7#i!e'e"ts "( o4e!si-ht s "+ MVA IT 0!o/e$t "( fi!st so#-ht the

"e$ess !+ 00!o4 l f!o' the M !+l "( De0 !t'e"t of T! "s0o!t tio" Offi$e of

I"fo!' tio" Reso#!$es OIR 1 . "e V le"*i , he ( of the M !+l "( i"te!lo$% 0!o-! ',

s# 'itte( " i"iti l (es$!i0tio" of o#! 0!o0ose( soft) !e 0!o-! ' "( its 0!o/e$te(

$osts "( e"efits to the OIR Stee!i"- Co''ittee1 O"$e the $o''ittee 00!o4e( the

0!o0os l, OIR st ff 0!o-! ''e! .i' He!-e"h h" ) s ssi-"e( to ssist the te '

th!o#-h the 0!o$ess1 To f $ilit te the sh !i"- of i"fo!' tio" (#!i"- the (e4elo0'e"t

0!o$ess, the MVA (! fte( Me'o! "(#' of 8"(e!st "(i"- MO8 et)ee" itself

"( the 8"i4e!sit+ of M !+l "(1 As the MVA $o'0#te! s+ste's $o"t i" 0!i4 te "(


39/258

hi-hl+ se"siti4e i"fo!' tio", the MO8 is "e$ess !+ to 0!ote$t its i"te-!it+1 As 0e!

OIR !e7#i!e'e"ts, o#! te ' 0!o(#$e( 0!o$ess "( #se! (o$#'e"t tio" th!o#-ho#t the

0!o/e$t to e"s#!e s'ooth t! "sitio" )he" OIR t %es o4e! the (e4elo0'e"t i" M +

933 1

The lo-isti$s of soft) !e (e4elo0'e"t )e!e i"iti ll+ $o'0li$ te( + the f $t

th t o#! te ' )o#l( "ee( $$ess to the MVA;s i"te!" l "et)o!% i" o!(e! to $o(e the

0!o-! '1 Afte! (is$#ssi"- the iss#e )ith OIR st ff, )e (e$i(e( to $o"ti"#e )ith off2

site (e4elo0'e"t "( l te! )o!% )ith He!-e"h h" to i"te-! te the $o'0lete( soft) !e

i"to the MVA "et)o!%1 To f $ilit te o#! effo!ts, OIR i"st lle( $o'0lete(e4elo0'e"t 0l tfo!', i"$l#(i"- Vis# l St#(io "( Mi$!osoft S@L Se!4e!, o" PC

)o!%st tio"1 This $o'0#te! ) s set #0 s !e'ote (e4elo0'e"t se!4e! o" the 8MD

$ '0#s so th t te ' 'e' e!s i"4ol4e( i" IT (e4elo0'e"t $o#l( )o!%

$oll o! ti4el+1

&o!%i"- !e'otel+ 0!ese"te( se4e! l 0!o le's (#!i"- the 0l ""i"- "(

(e4elo0'e"t 0!o$ess1 To e-i", o"-oi"- $o''#"i$ tio" )ith OIR st ff ) s $!iti$ l

s the+ !e !es0o"si le fo! $o'0leti"-, i"te-! ti"- "( ' i"t i"i"- the C se M " -e!

soft) !e #0o" $o'0letio"1 Ho)e4e!, i" the se"$e of f!e7#e"t f $e2to2f $e

'eeti"-s, $o''#"i$ tio" )ith OIR st ff s#ffe!e(1


40/258

Lite! t#!e Re4ie)

&nternational &gnition &nterlock 'ymposiums

The te ' e- " its !ese !$h e"(e 4o! i" 933< + tte"(i"- the fo#!th ""# l

I-"itio" I"te!lo$% S+'0osi#' s0o"so!e( + the T! ffi$ I"/#!+ Rese !$h Fo#"( tio"

TIRF 1 TIRF is " tio" l i"(e0e"(e"t !o ( s fet+ i"stit#te th t st#(ies 0!o-! 's

i'e( t !e(#$i"- t! ffi$2!el te( (e ths "( i"/#!ies1 Fi"(i"-s 0!ese"te( t the 933


70/258

$ " (iffe! si-"ifi$ "tl+ e4e" i" si'il ! $ ses1 As !es#lt of se"te"$i"- (is0 !it+, so'e

(efe"( "ts !e "ot 0!o0e!l+ s "$tio"e(1 This le (s to the ((itio" l 0!o le' of /#(-e

sho00i"- )he" offe"(e!s loo% to t!+ thei! $ se efo!e /#(-e %"o)" fo! le"ie"$+1

The /#(-es !e0o!te( th t $$ess to s#'' !ies of s$ie"tifi$ !ese !$h, s0e$i li*e( D&I

$o#!ts, "( tie!e( 0e" lt+ s+ste's fo! !e0e t offe"(e!s )o#l( ' i"t i" 'o!e

$o"siste"$+ i" se"te"$i"- )hile still 0e!'itti"- (is$!etio" )he" "ee(e(1

I" 0!e4io#s tte'0t to $o!!e$t se"te"$i"- (is0 !it+, st tes h 4e i"t!o(#$e(

' "( to!+ 'i"i'#' se"te"$es1 Ho)e4e!, the /#(-es s i( these 'i"i'#'s ofte"

i'0e(e the se"te"$i"- 0!o$ess )he" the sti0#l te( s "$tio"s !e "ot 00!o0!i te fo! $e!t i" $ se1 I"ste ( 'o!e /#(i$i l (is$!etio" i" ' "( to!+ 'i"i'#'s )o#l( hel0 to

ette! e"$o'0 ss the )i(e 4 !iet+ of D&I $ ses1

.#!+ t!i ls i" D&I $ ses ofte" 0!o(#$e '#$h lo)e! $o"4i$tio" ! tes $o'0 !e(

to "o"2D&I $ ses (efe"( "ts !e$o-"i*e /#!o!s; s+'0 theti$ ttit#(es to) !( (!i"%i"-

"( (!i4i"- "( t %e (4 "t -e of this sit# tio" i" $o#!t1 &he" /#!ies $ ""ot !e $h

(e$isio", (efe"( "ts ofte" f $e less h !sh 0e" lties o! )holl+ 4oi( s "$tio"i"-1

Se4e"t+2fi4e 0e!$e"t of /#(-es s i( o"e ) + to 'o!e f#ll+ i"fo!' /#!ies i" D&I $ ses

is to i"$l#(e test !ef#s ls s e4i(e"$e1

Si'il ! to the 0!e4io#s t)o !e0o!ts, the s "$tio"i"- !e0o!t $ te-o!i*es

sol#tio"s i"to fi4e ' i" $ te-o!ies: t! i"i"- "( e(#$ tio", $o''#"i$ tio" "(

$oo0e! tio", !e$o!( li"% -es, 4 il ilit+ "( $$ess, te$h"olo-+, "( le-isl tio" "(

!e-#l tio", ll of )hi$h )e!e (is$#sse( i" (et il i" the 0!e4io#s se$tio"s o"

(/#(i$ tio" "( s "$tio"i"-1

?


71/258

Monitoring in the DW& 'ystem

TIRF 0# lishe( fi" l !e0o!t i" .#l+ 933< th t fo$#se( o" 'o"ito!i"- iss#es

i" the D&I s+ste'1 TIRF $olle$te( i"fo!' tio" f!o' >?3 0!o tio" "( 0 !ole

offi$e!s 4i $o'0!ehe"si4e s#!4e+ "( f!o' othe! 0!o tio" "( t!e t'e"t

0!ofessio" ls th!o#-h se!ies of )o!%sho0s1 These i"(i4i(# ls i(e"tifie( ei-ht %e+

!e s of the D&I s+ste' th t $o#l( 'ost #se i'0!o4e'e"t: "o"2$o'0li "$e )ith

$o#!t o!(e!s, $ selo (, $o"fli$ti"- -o ls, se"te"$i"- (is0 !it+, 0!o-! ' (esi-",

0 0e!)o!%, "et2)i(e"i"-, "( !e$o!(s1

No"2$o'0li "$e )ith $o#!t o!(e!s o$$#!s i" 00!o5i' tel+ == 0e!$e"t of D&I

$ ses, ofte" !es#lti"- f!o' l $% of i"fo!' tio" f!o' se!4i$e 0!o4i(e!s o#t

offe"(e! "o"2$o'0li "$e "( l $% of #tho!it+ to 'o"ito! "( i'0ose s "$tio"s o"

offe"(e!s )ho 4iol te the te!'s of thei! se"te"$es1 P!o tio" "( 0 !ole offi$e!s

-!ee( th t ette! $o''#"i$ tio" )ith se!4i$e "( t!e t'e"t 0!o4i(e!s )o#l( e

fi!st ste0 to) !(s eli'i" ti"- "o"2$o'0li "$e1 I" ((itio", e50 "(i"- t!e t'e"t

f $ilities fo! offe"(e!s )o#l( (( " ((itio" l l +e! of s#0e!4isio"1 Fe) offe"(e!s

)ho (!i4e o" s#s0e"(e( o! !est!i$te( li$e"ses !e e4e! 00!ehe"(e( "( ' "+ fi"( it

e s+ to $o"ti"#e (!i4i"- !e- !(less of thei! se"te"$e1 A" i"$!e se i" ! "(o'

$o''#"it+ l$ohol tests )o#l( llo) offi$e!s to (ete$t 'o!e offe"(e!s )ho 4iol te

thei! se"te"$es "( (ete! othe!s i" the 0!o-! ' f!o' (oi"- so1

O4e!)hel'i"- $ selo (s h 4e lso ee" " o st $le fo! 0 !ole "( 0!o tio"

offi$e!s1 A" i"$!e si"- "#' e! of D&I !!ests $o' i"e( )ith f#"(i"- "( !eso#!$e

$#t $%s h 4e le( to se!io#s (ete!io! tio" i" 0!o tio" s#0e!4isio"1 Offi$e!s

!e$o''e"( i"$!e si"- the "#' e! of 0!o tio" offi$e!s, li'iti"- the si*e of

3


72/258

$ selo (s, "( #si"- te$h"olo-ies s#$h s t! "s(e!' l testi"-, )hi$h #ses ele$t!o"i$

'o"ito!i"- )ith l$ohol testi"-, to 'i"i'i*e #"' " -e le $ selo (s1

P!o tio" offi$e!s ofte" f $e $o"fli$ti"- -o ls of e"fo!$e'e"t 4e!s#s

!eh ilit tio"1 I(e ll+ offi$e!s $o#l( fo$#s o" oth, +et f#"(i"- "( !eso#!$e

li'it tio"s ' %e this (# l t s% (iffi$#lt1 Ge"e! ll+ offi$e!s (e(i$ te '#$h 'o!e ti'e

to e"fo!$e'e"t effo!ts th " the+ (o to !eh ilit tio" i"iti ti4es1 8"fo!t#" tel+,

s0e"(i"- less ti'e o" !eh ilit tio" i"iti ti4es ofte" t! "sl tes i"to i"$!e se(

!e$i(i4is' ! tes si"$e offe"(e!s !e "e4e! e"$o#! -e( to $h "-e thei! (!i"%i"-

eh 4io!1 Offi$e!s -!ee th t 'o!e t!e t'e"t f $ilities !e "ee(e( to i"$!e se!eh ilit tio" o0tio"s "( $#! !e$i(i4is' ! tes1

Se"te"$i"- (is0 !it+ $o"ti"#es to e $o"$e!" fo! 0!o tio" offi$e!s1

P!o tio" offi$e!s st te( th t /#(-es sho#l( e ette! i"fo!'e( of the 0e" lt+ st!#$t#!e

fo! !e0e t offe"ses so the+ 'i-ht (e'o"st! te 'o!e $o"siste"$+ i" thei! !#li"-s1

P !ti$#l !l+ 0!o le' )ith !e0e t offe"ses, se"te"$i"- (is0 !it+ (et! $ts f!o' the

(ete!!e"t effe$t of the $o#!ts "( %ee0s ( "-e!o#s (!i4e!s o" the !o (1

Poo! 0!o-! ' 0l ""i"- "( (esi-" le (s to le-isl ti4e (is$!e0 "$ies,

i"$o"siste"t e"fo!$e'e"t, "( " e5$essi4e fi" "$i l #!(e" fo! offe"(e!s, ll of

)hi$h offi$e!s s i( (e$!e se 0!o-! ';s s#$$ess1 Offe"(e!s !e le to i(e"tif+ "(

e50loit those i"$o"siste"$ies )hi$h ' %e 'o"ito!i"- "( e"fo!$e'e"t (iffi$#lt "(

o$$ sio" ll+ e4e" those )ho )o#l( e"efit 'ost "e4e! e"te! the 0!o-! ' t ll1

Offi$e!s !e$o''e"( f#"(i"- fo! i"(i-e"t offe"(e!s )ho $ ""ot ffo!( thei! 0!o-! '

$osts s " effe$ti4e ) + to ((!ess this iss#e1 F#!the!, $ !ef#l e4 l# tio" of

6


73/258

0!o-! ' e"t!+ !e7#i!e'e"ts )o#l( e"s#!e th t ll offe"(e!s )ho sho#l( e ('itte(

i"to D&I 0!o-! ' 'eet the 7# lifi$ tio"s1

P!o tio" offi$e!s !e0o!te( th t the+ s0e"( 00!o5i' tel+ o"e2thi!( of thei!

ti'e filli"- o#t fo!'s "( )!iti"- !e0o!ts1 The tte"tio" -i4e" to 0 0e!)o!% e $h ( +

(et! $ts f!o' the 'o#"t of ti'e offi$e!s $ " (e(i$ te to 'o"ito!i"- "(

!eh ilit tio" effo!ts1 E4e" 'o!e l !'i"-, so'e offi$e!s ('itte( th t 0 0e!)o!%

(is$o#! -es the' f!o' !e0o!ti"- ll D&I i"$i(e"ts1 St "( !(i*e( fo!'s "( -!e te!

!eli "$e o" te$h"olo-+ )o#l( (e$!e se the ti'e s0e"t o" 0 0e!)o!%1 &e 2 se(

00li$ tio"s )o#l( llo) ll 0 !ties to 'o!e effi$ie"tl+ sh !e i"fo!' tio", the!e +i'0!o4i"- $o''#"i$ tio" s )ell s !e(#$i"- 0 0e!)o!%1

As st tes h 4e fo$#se( o" "et2)i(e"i"- , 0l $i"- 'o!e offe"(e!s i"

lte!" ti4e D&I 0!o-! 's ! the! th " $o!!e$tio" l i"stit#tio"s, offi$e!s h 4e

#"(e!st "( l+ e50e!ie"$e( -!e te! i"$!e se i" $ selo (s1 Co"se7#e"tl+, 0!o tio"

offi$e!s h 4e ee" less effe$ti4e si"$e the+ '#st st!et$h thei! ti'e "( !eso#!$es e4e"

f#!the!1 Offi$e!s !e$o''e"(e( th t st tes #"(e!-o st! te-i$ !e4ie) o" the 0! $ti$e

of "et2)i(e"i"- to (ete!'i"e fo! )ho' it is 'ost 00!o0!i te "( ho) est to

'iti- te its "e- ti4e $o"se7#e"$es1

Fi" ll+, si5t+2t)o 0e!$e"t of 0!o tio" offi$e!s s#!4e+e( ! te( thei!

$$essi ilit+ to offe"(e! $!i'i" l !e$o!(s s 0oo! 1 &he" offi$e!s !e #" le to

$$ess offe"(e!s; !e$o!(s, the i"fo!' tio" the+ h 4e t thei! (is0os l (#!i"- t!i l is

ofte" i" (e7# te1 A l $% of e4i(e"$e i" $o#!t ' %es /#(-es !el#$t "t to 0 ss h !sh

se"te"$es "( #lti' tel+ e" les !e0e t offe"(e!s to e4 (e 00!o0!i te s "$tio"s1

9


74/258

Offi$e!s !e$o''e"(e( th t e $h offe"(e!;s !e$o!(s e ' i"t i"e( fo! ' "( to!+

loo%2 $% 0e!io( to e"s#!e the+ !e s "$tio"e( 00!o0!i tel+ i" the f#t#!e1

The $o'0!ehe"si4e TIRF st#(+ hi-hli-hte( fi4e %e+ !e$o''e"( tio" !e s

fo! the D&I s+ste': ette! t! i"i"- "( e(#$ tio" i" D&I l ), 'o!e effe$ti4e

$o''#"i$ tio" et)ee" 0 !ties, i"$!e se( $$ess to offe"(e! !e$o!(s, -!e te!

te$h"olo-i$ l i"te-! tio", "( 'o!e s#00o!ti4e le-isl tio"1 It is $!iti$ l th t /#(-es,

0!ose$#to!s, "( offi$e!s )o!% $oll o! ti4el+ to i'0le'e"t the !e$o''e"( tio"s

(is$#sse( he!e i" o!(e! to i'0!o4e the o4e! ll effe$ti4e"ess of e"fo!$e'e"t,

0!ose$#tio", (/#(i$ tio" "( s "$tio"i"-, "( 'o"ito!i"- )ithi" the D&I s+ste'1O"l+ )he" the D&I s+ste' is o0e! ti"- t ' 5i'#' le4el of effi$ie"$+ )ill the

i-"itio" i"te!lo$% s# s+ste' e le to (o the s 'e1


75/258

Effe$ti4e"ess of I"(i4i(# l St te I"te!lo$% P!o-! 's

I" ((itio" to the " tio")i(e ( t $olle$tio" o" D&I s+ste' i'0!o4e'e"ts,

the T! ffi$ I"(#st!+ Rese !$h Fo#"( tio" soli$ite( s0e$ifi$ fee( $% f!o' i"(i4i(# l

st tes !e- !(i"- the st t#s of thei! i"te!lo$% 0!o-! 's1 Co'0 !iso"s )e!e the" ' (e

et)ee" the ( t $olle$te( i" the " tio" l !ese !$h st#(+ "( the ( t - the!e( f!o'

e $h st te1 The te ' fo$#se( its !ese !$h o" fo#! of the 'ost 0!o-!essi4e i"te!lo$%

0!o-! 's i" the 8"ite( St tes M !+l "(, Pe""s+l4 "i , Ne) Me5i$o, "( C lifo!"i ,

to (ete!'i"e )he!e the 'ost si-"ifi$ "t st!i(es h 4e ee" ' (e, "( lso to i(e"tif+

the !e s fo! i'0!o4e'e"t i" D&I e"fo!$e'e"t, 0!ose$#tio", (/#(i$ tio" "(

s "$tio"i"-, "( 'o"ito!i"-1

DW& and &nterlock 'ystem Trends in Maryland

I" $o"/#"$tio" )ith the " tio")i(e ( t $olle$tio" o" D&I s+ste'

i'0!o4e'e"ts, TIRF $!e te( $o'0!ehe"si4e s#!4e+ i'e( t soli$iti"- st te2

s0e$ifi$ i"fo!' tio" f!o' /#(-es "( 0 !ole offi$e!s i" the st te of M !+l "(1 T)e"t+2t)o 0!o tio" offi$e!s i" the st te of M !+l "( ! "%e( ei-ht %e+ 0!o le's $$o!(i"-

to the se4e!it+ of thei! i'0 $t: $ selo (, 0 0e!)o!%, se"te"$i"- (is0 !it+, "o"2

$o'0li "$e, $o"fli$ti"- -o ls, 0!o-! ' (esi-", "et2)i(e"i"-, "( !e$o!(s1 These

0!o le's $losel+ !ese' le those th t TIRF i(e"tifie( " tio")i(e1 M !+l "( offi$e!s

"ote( th t $ selo ( "( 0 0e!)o!% )e!e the 'ost si-"ifi$ "t iss#es the+ f $e( "( =

0e!$e"t s i( th t 0 0e!)o!% $o"s#'es the ' /o!it+ of thei! ti'e1 He!e, fo!'

st "( !(i* tio" "( $o'0#te!i*e( !e0o!ti"- )o#l( llo) offi$e!s to 'o!e $losel+

' " -e thei! $ selo (s )itho#t the i"te"si4e 0 0e!)o!%1 Ele$t!o"i$ fo!'s )o#l(

=


76/258

i"$!e se the ilit+ of offi$e!s to $!e te "( ' i"t i" $$#! te !e$o!(s th t !e $!iti$ l

to " offe"(e!;s 0!o-!ess1

Pro"ation Officers: %reas for (mprovement

M !+l "( 0!o tio" offi$e!s !e0o!te( th t those D&I $o#!t s "$tio"s )hi$h

!e 'o"ito!e( 633 0e!$e"t of the ti'e i"$l#(e t!e t'e"t "( $o#"seli"-, $o''#"it+

se!4i$e o!(e!s, fi"es "( fees, li$e"se s "$tio"s, "( 4i$ti' i'0 $t 0 "els1 Ho)e4e!,

i-"itio" i"te!lo$% s "$tio"s !e o"l+ 'o"ito!e( > 0e!$e"t of the ti'e1 .#st s TIRF

fo#"( " tio")i(e, M !+l "( 0!o tio" offi$e!s ofte" '#st $hoose et)ee" s0e"(i"-

!eso#!$es o" e"fo!$i"- s "$tio" $o'0li "$e, o! o" fo$#si"- o" offe"(e! t!e t'e"t1M !+l "( s#!4e+ !es#lts i"(i$ te th t 9< 0e!$e"t of offi$e!s 0!io!iti*e e"fo!$e'e"t,

)hile 0e!$e"t of offi$e!s e7# ll+ 0!io!iti*e e"fo!$e'e"t "( t!e t'e"t i"te-! tio"

the " tio")i(e t!e"( ) s 9 0e!$e"t "( < 0e!$e"t !es0e$ti4el+1 Offi$e!s lso

!e0o!te( th t = 0e!$e"t of offe"(e!s f il to $o'0l+ )ith the $o"(itio"s of thei!

se"te"$es, #0 f!o' the " tio" l =< 0e!$e"t, "( th t li$e"se s "$tio"s "( t!e t'e"t

!e the 'ost i-"o!e( !e7#i!e'e"ts1 Co"t! !il+, M !+l "( offe"(e!s !e so'e)h t

'o!e $o'0li "t )ith i-"itio" i"te!lo$% !e7#i!e'e"ts th " thei! $o#"te!0 !ts

" tio")i(e1 Fift+2fo#! 0e!$e"t of offi$e!s $ite( 0oo! 0!o-! ' (esi-" s the i--est

$ #se of "o"2$o'0li "$e, +et M !+l "(;s i"te!lo$% $o'0li "$e ! te s#--ests it ' +

h 4e " e(-e o4e! othe! st tes i" th t !es0e$t1

The !e0o!t lso "ote( th t 00!o5i' tel+ = 0e!$e"t of offe"(e!s e4 (e D&I

s "$tio"i"- e$ #se the+ $ ""ot ffo!( the sso$i te( $osts1 This st tisti$ is

$o"si(e! l+ hi-he! th " the " tio" l 4e! -e of 6< 0e!$e"t1 I" o!(e! fo! the i-"itio"

i"te!lo$% s+ste' to effe$ti4el+ (ete! (!i"% (!i4i"-, the fi" "$i l #!(e" o" i"(i-e"t


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offe"(e!s '#st e !e$o"$ile( so th t ll eli-i le i"(i4i(# ls $ " e 0l $e( o" the

0!o-! '1

I" $o"t! st to the " tio" l t!e"(, = 0e!$e"t of M !+l "( offi$e!s ! te(

$$essi ilit+ "( $$#! $+ of $!i'i" l !e$o!(s s e5$elle"t , )hile 6 0e!$e"t ! te(

the $$essi ilit+ "( $$#! $+ of (!i4e! !e$o!(s t the s 'e $ li e!1 The " tio")i(e

4e! -es )e!e 0e!$e"t "(


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?3 offe"(e!s1 A$$o!(i"- to the " tio" l st#(+, $ selo (s $ " ! "-e f!o' 633 to


79/258

Judges: %reas for (mprovement

TIRF lso o t i"e( s#!4e+ !es0o"ses f!o' 9> M !+l "( /#(-es )ho ! "%e(

"i"e i'0e(i'e"ts to effe$ti4e D&I (/#(i$ tio" "( s "$tio"i"-: f il#!e to 00e !,

$ selo (, e4i(e"ti !+ 0!o le's, se"te"$e 'o"ito!i"-, e5$essi4e 'otio"s, /#!ies,

se"te"$i"- (is0 !it+, "( ' "( to!+ 'i"i'#'s1 These iss#es $losel+ !ese' le those

i(e"tifie( i" the " tio" l TIRF st#(+ ho)e4e!, M !+l "( /#(-es ! "%e( f il#!e to

00e ! s thei! 0!i' !+ $o"$e!" )hile it ! "%e( fifth " tio")i(e1 &he" " offe"(e!

f ils to 00e ! i" $o#!t, the!e is !is% th t this offe"(e! )ill "ot !e$ei4e the

00!o0!i te s "$tio"s o! ' + es$ 0e 0e" lties lto-ethe!1 If the!e is 0oo!$o''#"i$ tio" et)ee" /#(-es "( offi$e!s o! if the!e is l $% of (e7# te ( t o"

the offe"(e!, the" " offe"(e!;s f il#!e to 00e ! ' + esse"ti ll+ -o #""oti$e( "(

#"!e0o!te( i" the s+ste'1

A00!o5i' tel+ 6 0e!$e"t of D&I $ ses i" M !+l "( -o to t!i l $o'0 !e( to

6 0e!$e"t of $ ses " tio" ll+1 I" M !+l "(, /#!+ !esol4es 96 0e!$e"t of these $ ses

)he!e s /#!ies o"l+ (ete!'i"e 69 0e!$e"t of $ ses " tio")i(e1 As TIRF;s " tio")i(e

st#(+ sho)e(, D&I t!i ls + /#!+ !es#lt i" less h !sh 0e" lties th " those (e$i(e( +

/#(-es, )hi$h $o#l( 'e " M !+l "( offe"(e!s !e 'o!e li%el+ to e4 (e 00!o0!i te

s "$tio"i"- th " i" othe! st tes1 T)e"t+2se4e" 0e!$e"t of M !+l "( /#(-es s i(

e5$essi4e 'otio"s si-"ifi$ "tl+ (el + D&I $ ses )hile " tio" ll+,


80/258

!e #0 to the (is$!etio" of the /#(-e1 The!efo!e, " offe"(e! ' + /#(-e sho0 "(

tte'0t to h 4e his $ se he !( + /#(-e )ho is %"o)" to e 'o!e le"ie"t1 This $ "

-!e tl+ i'0 $t the i"te!lo$% s+ste', e$ #se so'e /#(-es !e 'o!e s%e0ti$ l of the

i"te!lo$% te$h"olo-+ "( less li%el+ to !e7#i!e " offe"(e! to h 4e " i"te!lo$%

i"st lle( i" his $ !1

Judges: .ecommendations for System (mprovements

M !+l "( /#(-es 0!o4i(e( !e$o''e"( tio"s i" !es0o"se to the $o"$e!"s the+

(eli"e te(1 To e-i", 6 0e!$e"t of /#(-es s#--este( 'o!e t! i"i"- fo! 0oli$e "(

0!ose$#to!s to i'0!o4e the 7# lit+ of e4i(e"$e 0!ese"te( i" $o#!t, "( >6 0e!$e"t s i(ll 0!ofessio" l -!o#0s )o#l( e"efit f!o' ((itio" l t! i"i"- "( )o!%sho0s1

Se4e"t+2fi4e 0e!$e"t of /#(-es s i( test !ef#s l sho#l( e ((!esse( th!o#-h

le-isl ti4e 'e s#!es, "(


81/258

i"fo!' tio" to /#(-es !e- !(i"- i"te!lo$% effe$ti4e"ess is the!efo!e 0 ! 'o#"t to the

s#$$ess of i"te!lo$% 0!o-! 's (#!i"- the /#(i$i l 0h se1

Not l+, fift+2si5 0e!$e"t of /#(-es s i( th t tie!e( 0e" lties )o#l( ssist the'

i" se"te"$i"- !e0e t offe"(e!s this is "oti$e l+ lo)e! th " the " tio" l = 0e!$e"t

4e! -e1 Tho#-h tie!e( se"te"$i"- $o#l( !e(#$e (is0 !it+, it is 0ossi le th t the /#(-es

s#!4e+e( )ishe( to !et i" thei! #to"o'+ )he" le4+i"- se"te"$es (#e to the

i"(i4i(# l " t#!e of $ ses1 This ' + 0!o4e to e si-"ifi$ "t !!ie! to i'0!o4i"-

M !+l "(;s i"te!lo$% s+ste' e$ #se i"te!lo$%s !e t+0i$ ll+ ' "( te( fo! $l ssifie(

h !(2$o!e offe"(e!s )ho f $e 'o!e se4e!e s "$tio"s "( 0e" lties1 &itho#t tie!e( 0e" lt+ s+ste', offe"(e!s 'i-ht "e4e! e se"te"$e( to the i"te!lo$% if the+ $o'e

efo!e /#(-es )ho !e s%e0ti$ l "( hesit te to ' "( te i"st ll tio" of the (e4i$e1

H lf of M !+l "( /#(-es !e0o!te( th t -!e te! $o''#"i$ tio" et)ee" $o#!ts

"( t!e t'e"t f $ilities )o#l( i'0!o4e 'o"ito!i"- effo!ts, "( ?< 0e!$e"t s i( th t

0!o tio" "( 0 !ole offi$e!s )e!e est 0!e0 !e( to 'o"ito! offe"(e!s1 A$$o!(i"- to

== 0e!$e"t of /#(-es s#!4e+e(, 'o!e D&I /#(-es !e "ee(e( i" M !+l "( to ((!ess

$ selo ( $o"$e!"s "( i'0!o4e se"te"$i"- (e$isio"s1 &he" /#(-es !e f $e( )ith

e5$essi4e $ selo (s, the+ h 4e less ti'e to s0e"( o" e $h $ se, $ ""ot (e7# tel+

$o"si(e! ll e4i(e"$e "( $i!$#'st "$es, "( $o"se7#e"tl+ ' + "ot 00l+ the

00!o0!i te s "$tio"s1 O"l+ 6? 0e!$e"t of M !+l "( /#(-es s#00o!te( le-isl ti4el+

li'iti"- 'otio"s "( $o"ti"# "$es s tool fo! e50e(iti"- $o#!t 0!o$ee(i"-s1 Fift+

0e!$e"t "( = 0e!$e"t of /#(-es, !es0e$ti4el+, i(e"tifie( the N tio" l D!i4e! Re-ist!+

"( #"ifo!' (!i4e! st! $ts s the est ) + to ' i"t i" $o'0lete $!i'i" l "( (!i4e!

!e$o!(s1 Fo!t+2se4e" 0e!$e"t of /#(-es s i( i"$ !$e! tio" ) s 'ost li%el+ to !e(#$e

>3


82/258

offe"(e! !e$i(i4is', )hile 0e!$e"t s i( t!e t'e"t ) s1 A ' /o!it+ of /#(-es

!e0o!te( th t 'o!e t!e t'e"t $e"te!s !e "ee(e( fo! !e0e t offe"(e!s "( = 0e!$e"t

s i( D&I $o#!ts )o#l( e ette! e7#i00e( to h "(le D&I $ ses1

%dditional Data

A((itio" l ( t !e- !(i"- effe$ti4e"ess of the M !+l "( i"te!lo$% 0!o-! '

!es#lte( f!o' 6??? st#(+ + Be$%, R #$h, B %e!, "( &illi 's title( Effe$ts of

I-"itio" I"te!lo$% Li$e"se Rest!i$tio"s o" D!i4e!s &ith M#lti0le Al$ohol Offe"ses: A

R "(o'i*e( T!i l i" M !+l "(1 To $o"(#$t the t)o2+e ! st#(+, !ese !$he!s ! "(o'l+

$!e te( t)o -!o#0s, o"e th t i"st lle( the i"te!lo$% fo! o"e +e !, "( o"e th t follo)e(the t! (itio" l t!e t'e"t 0!o-! ' )itho#t i"te!lo$% i"st ll tio"1 These t)o -!o#0s

)e!e 'o"ito!e( fo! t)o +e !s follo)i"- thei! offe"ses1 Res#lts i"(i$ te( th t i" thei!

+e ! o" the i"te!lo$%, -!o#0 o"e h ( 0e!$e"t less $h "$e of $o''itti"- "

l$ohol t! ffi$ 4iol tio"1 O"l+ 91= 0e!$e"t of -!o#0 o"e 0 !ti$i0 "ts $o''itte( s#$h

" offe"se, s o00ose( to 1 0e!$e"t i" -!o#0 t)o1 D#!i"- the se$o"( +e ! "eithe!

-!o#0 #se( " i"te!lo$% "( "o si-"ifi$ "t (iffe!e"$e ) s fo#"( i" thei! l$ohol t! ffi$

4iol tio" ! tes1 Rese !$he!s $o"$l#(e( th t M !+l "( s i"te!lo$% 0!o-! ' is effe$ti4e

i" !e(#$i"- l$ohol t! ffi$ offe"ses 'o"- !e0e t offe"(e!s )hile the (e4i$e is

i"st lle( o" thei! 4ehi$les1 O"$e the (e4i$e is !e'o4e(, offe"se ! tes !et#!" to

0!e4io#s le4els1

I" 'o!e !e$e"t st#(ies, R #$h h s sse!te( th t M !+l "( s i"te!lo$% 0!o-! '

(oes i" f $t !e(#$e the i"$i(e"$e of !e$i(i4is', l$ohol2!el te( $! shes, 'o4i"-

4iol tio"s, "( ('i"ist! ti4e $tio"s, "( th t it is the 'ost )i(el+ $$e0te( 0!o-! '

i" the $o#"t!+ I-"itio" I"te!lo$% S+'0osi#', 933 1

>6


83/258

Rese !$h + the De0 !t'e"t of P# li$ "( Co''#"it+ He lth t the

8"i4e!sit+ of M !+l "( s#00o!ts R #$h;s $l i' th t M !+l "(;s i"te!lo$% 0!o-! '

e"/o+s )i(es0!e ( 0# li$ s#00o!t1 I" 933 the (e0 !t'e"t, )hi$h $o"(#$ts !e-#l !

0# li$ s#!4e+s o" t! "s0o!t tio" iss#es, fo#"( th t =


84/258

A$t 9= est lishe( the Pe""s+l4 "i De0 !t'e"t of T! "s0o!t tio";s

PENNDOT #tho!it+ to ('i"iste! the st te;s i"te!lo$% 0!o-! '1 I" $$o!( "$e )ith

fe(e! l !e-#l tio"s, the l ) ' "( tes o"e2+e ! i"te!lo$% i"st ll tio" 0e!io( fo! e $h

4ehi$le o)"e( o! !e-iste!e( + !e0e t D&I offe"(e! s $o"(itio" fo! li$e"se

!ei"st te'e"t1 Offe"(e!s $ " 7# lif+ fo! h !(shi0 e5e'0tio" f!o' the 0!o-! ' if

thei! i"$o'e f lls elo) 933 0e!$e"t of the Fe(e! l Po4e!t+ G#i(eli"es, ho)e4e! the+

'#st still i"st ll " i"te!lo$% o" o"e 4ehi$le L1 Ke!!, 0e!so" l $o''#"i$ tio", A0!il

933 1 The+ $ " lso 7# lif+ fo! " e'0lo+'e"t e5e'0tio" if o0e! ti"- 4ehi$le is

4it l to thei! /o !es0o"si ilities I-"itio" I"te!lo$%, 933 1 This e5e'0tio" llo)soffe"(e!s to o0e! te thei! e'0lo+e!;s $ ! )itho#t " i"te!lo$%, 0!o4i(e( it is fo!

#si"ess #se "( (oes "ot $ !!+ 'o!e th " 6 0 sse"-e!s L1 Ke!!, 0e!so" l

$o''#"i$ tio", A0!il, 933 1 To (isse'i" te i"fo!' tio" o" the st te;s i"te!lo$%

s+ste', the Pe""s+l4 "i D8I Asso$i tio" "( PENNDOT $!e te( the I-"itio"

I"te!lo$% @# lit+ Ass#! "$e P!o-! ' i" o!(e! to e(#$ te /#(-es, l ) offi$e!s, "(

0!o tio" offi$e!s o#t the i-"itio" i"te!lo$% l )1 Fo! e5 '0le, the @# lit+

Ass#! "$e P!o-! ' t! i"s these i"(i4i(# ls so the+ !e ) !e the st te o"l+

!e$o-"i*es (e4i$es th t !el+ o" ele$t!o2$he'i$ l f#el $ell se"so! te$h"olo-+ o!

l$ohol f#el $ells I-"itio" I"te!lo$%, 933 1 The @# lit+ Ass#! "$e P!o-! ' lso

i"s0e$ts i"st ll tio" $e"te!s to e"s#!e $o'0li "$e )ith PENNDOT !e7#i!e'e"ts1 The

st te lso !e7#i!es ll $o"4i$te( D&I offe"(e!s to #"(e!-o e4 l# tio" + the Co#!t

Re0o!ti"- Net)o!% to (ete!'i"e )h t t!e t'e"t is "e$ess !+ L1 Ke!!, 0e!so" l

$o''#"i$ tio", A0!il 933 1 F il#!e to $o'0l+ )ith i"te!lo$% l )s $ " !es#lt i"

>


85/258

fi"e of J=


86/258

! tios, "( $$i(e"t !e$o"st!#$tio"1 Ho)e4e!, >6 0e!$e"t of the /#(-es s#!4e+e( (i(

feel th t D&I 0!ose$#to!s )e!e 0!e0 !e( to 0!ese"t s#$h e4i(e"$e %"o)le(-e l+1

Si5t+ 0e!$e"t of /#(-es $ite( he 4+ $ selo ( s the l !-est o st $le to effe$ti4el+

'o"ito!i"- offe"(e!s1 A$$o!(i"- to the s#!4e+, 9 0e!$e"t of offe"(e!s !e

00!ehe"(e( fo! se"te"$e "o"2$o'0li "$e, less th " the 9> 0e!$e"t 00!ehe"(e(

" tio")i(e TIRF: Pe""s+l4 "i , 9339 1

I" Pe""s+l4 "i , "i"e 0e!$e"t of D&I $ ses -o to t!i l $o'0 !e( )ith 6

0e!$e"t " tio")i(e1 Of these $ ses, 6= 0e!$e"t !e (e$i(e( + /#!+, $o'0 !e( )ith 69

0e!$e"t " tio")i(e1 The 0! $ti$e of /#(-e2sho00i"- (oes "ot see' to e s '#$h of 0!o le' i" Pe""s+l4 "i s i" othe! st tes, )hi$h i"(i$ tes lesse! le4el of se"te"$e

(is0 !it+ TIRF: Pe""s+l4 "i , 9339 1

.#(-es i" the Pe""s+l4 "i st#(+ the" 0!o4i(e( !e$o''e"( tio"s fo!

!esol4i"- the iss#es the+ h ( i(e"tifie(1 To i'0!o4e e4i(e"ti !+ %"o)le(-e, /#(-es

s#--este( ll -e"ts e"- -e i" f#!the! t! i"i"- to f 'ili !i*e the'sel4es )ith D&I

l ) "( s$ie"$e1 Fift+ 0e!$e"t of /#(-es felt the iss#e of test !ef#s l sho#l( e

((!esse( th!o#-h le-isl tio", "( ' "+ s i( !ef#s ls sho#l( e 0e!'issi le s

e4i(e"$e i" $o#!t TIRF: Pe""s+l4 "i , 9339 1

Ei-ht+ 0e!$e"t of /#(-es tho#-ht ette! $oo0e! tio" et)ee" $o#!ts "(

t!e t'e"t f $ilities )o#l( e"h "$e 'o"ito!i"- effo!ts, "( s i( 0!o tio" "( 0 !ole

offi$e!s )e!e the est -e"ts fo! this t s%1 Of those s#!4e+e(, 6< 0e!$e"t felt 'o!e

D&I /#(-es )e!e "e$ess !+ to 7#ell the $ selo ( 0!o le', $o'0 !e( )ith " tio" l

4e! -e of =< 0e!$e"t1 A"othe! 93 0e!$e"t f 4o!e( le-isl ti4el+ li'iti"- 'otio"s "(

$o"ti"# "$es to e50e(ite $ se 0!o$essi"- TIRF: Pe""s+l4 "i , 9339 1

>


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A soli( >3 0e!$e"t of Pe""s+l4 "i /#(-es felt $o'0#lso!+ l$ohol e4 l# tio"s

)o#l( hel0 the' iss#e 00!o0!i te se"te"$es "( 6 0e!$e"t tho#-ht th t e sie! $$ess

to s$ie"tifi$ e4 l# tio"s of s "$tio"s )o#l( e hel0f#l s )ell1 Re- !(i"- !e$i(i4is',

/#(-es s i( th t i"$ !$e! tio" "( t!e t'e"t )e!e the 'ost effe$ti4e s "$tio"s fo!

!e0e t offe"(e!s, "( 'ost felt 'o!e t!e t'e"t f $ilities )e!e "e$ess !+ TIRF:

Pe""s+l4 "i , 9339 1

DW& and &nterlock 'ystem Trends in 1ew Me2ico

The Ne) Me5i$o st te le-isl t#!e fi!st $o"si(e!e( i'0le'e"ti"- " i-"itio"

i"te!lo$% 0!o-! ' i" Se0te' e! 6?? , fte! the st te !e0o!te( the se$o"( hi-hest ! te

of D&I2!el te( (e ths i" 6??=, "( h s si"$e e$o'e the " tio" l le (e! i" i"te!lo$%

i"iti ti4es1 The 0!o-! ' fi!st fo#"( s#00o!t i" 6?? f!o' the"2Go4e!"o! G !+

.oh"so", the Moto! Vehi$le Di4isio", "( !e /#(-es, i"$l#(i"- o"e /#(-e )ho

0# li$l+ (4o$ te( fo!, e4e!+ !eso#!$e )e $ " -et fo! $%i"- the D&I 0!o-! '

Mo!!is, 6?? 1

The "e) i"te!lo$% 0!o-! ' lso f $e( "#' e! of $!iti$s )ho 7#estio"e( the

i"f lli ilit+ of the (e4i$e "( the ilit+ of offe"(e!s to 0 + the 3 (oll !s 'o"th i"

sso$i te( $osts1 So'e le-isl to!s fe !e( i"(i-e"t offe"(e!s )ho $o#l( "ot ffo!( the

0!o-! ' $osts )o#l( si'0l+ e 0!ohi ite( f!o' #si"- thei! 4ehi$les (#!i"- thei!

se"te"$es1 Othe!s )e!e $o"$e!"e( the $ost #!(e" of the 0!o-! ' )o#l( e 0 sse( o"

to t 50 +e!s sho#l( it e ' (e ' "( to!+ Mo!!is, 6?? 1

Des0ite these !ese!4 tio"s, the st te le-isl t#!e 00!o4e( Ne) Me5i$o;s fi!st

i"te!lo$% l )s i" Ho#se Bill 9>9, )hi$h too% effe$t o" .#l+ 6, 6???1 The o!i-i" l

4e!sio" of the l ) - 4e /#(-es the o0tio" of ' "( ti"- " i"te!lo$% fo! "+ !e0e t

>


88/258

offe"(e! )ho )ishe( to 4oi( li$e"se s#s0e"sio" M sse+, 6??? 1 8"(e! the 6???

i"te!lo$% l ) 0!o4isio"s, 0!o-! ' 0 !ti$i0 "ts )e!e o"l+ 0e!'itte( to o0e! te thei!

4ehi$les )he" t! 4eli"- to )o!% o! s$hool1

The "e) 0!o-! ' 'et )ith e !l+ s#$$ess1 The S "t Fe Ne) Me5i$ "

!e0o!te( i" 9333, th t 6 'o"ths fte! its i'0le'e"t tio" the 0!o-! ' h ( -!o)" to

6=3 0 !ti$i0 "ts, si-" of /#(i$i l s#00o!t1 I" th t ti'e, o"l+ o"e offe"(e! h ( ee"

!e !!este( "e !l+ te" ti'es lo)e! th " e50e$te(1 F#!the!'o!e, the i"te!lo$% 0!o-! '

s0#!!e( ((itio" l (!i"%2(!i4i"- i"iti ti4es, s#$h s the D&I Pl ""i"- Co#"$il;s

(!i4e! so !iet+ 0le(-e Co"st le, 9333 1I" 9339, the le-isl t#!e e50 "(e( the l ) to ' "( te i"te!lo$% i"st ll tio" fo!

"+ !e0e t D&I offe"(e!1 The l ) ) s - i" 'e"(e( i" 933


89/258

!es0o"se to the 0!o le', 0!o tio" offi$e!s e- " to $o"si(e! $!e ti"- 0ositio"

s0e$ifi$ ll+ fo! this 0#!0ose R 'i!e*, 933< 1

Ne) Me5i$o (4 "$e( thei! 0!o-! ' - i" i" A0!il 933 )he" the+ e$ 'e

the fi!st st te to ' "( te i"te!lo$%s fo! ll D&I offe"(e!s, i"$l#(i"- fi!st2ti'es1

8"(e! the -!o#"( !e %i"- l ), Ho#se Bill 9?9, fi!st2ti'e offe"(e!s e"!oll i" the

0!o-! ' fo! 0e!io( of o"e +e !, se$o"(2offe"(e!s fo! t)o +e !s, "( thi!(2ti'e

offe"(e!s fo! th!ee +e !s1 O"$e " offe"(e! !e $hes thei! fo#!th $o"4i$tio" the+ '#st

0e!' "e"tl+ i"st ll " i"te!lo$% (e4i$e B %e!, 933 1

The l ) lso e50 "(e( t!e t'e"t !e7#i!e'e"ts fo! D&I offe"(e!s1 A$$o!(i"-to Ho#se Bill 9?9 0!o4isio"s, fi!st2ti'e offe"(e!s '#st tte"( D&I s$hool, tho#-h

/#(-es !et i" (is$!etio" i" ssi-"i"- t!e t'e"t 0!o-! 's1 Re0e t offe"(e!s '#st

tte"( eithe! 9>2( + i"20 tie"t o! ?32( + o#t20 tie"t f $ilit+ fo! s# st "$e #se

t!e t'e"t 0!o-! '1 All $o"4i$te( D&I offe"(e!s !e lso !e7#i!e( to $o'0lete 9=

ho#!s of $o''#"it+ se!4i$e fo! e $h offe"se $o''itte(1 Offe"(e!s $ " $$ess list

of $o#!t2 00!o4e( t!e t'e"t 0!o-! 's t the I"stit#te of P# li$ L );s )e site The

I"stit#te of P# li$ L ), 933 1

8"li%e ' "+ othe! 0!o-! 's, Ne) Me5i$o;s i"te!lo$% 0!o-! ' is /oi"tl+ !#"

+ the Ne) Me5i$o T! ffi$ S fet+ B#!e # of the st te De0 !t'e"t of T! "s0o!t tio",

"( + the I"stit#te of P# li$ L ) t the 8"i4e!sit+ of Ne) Me5i$o1 The T! ffi$

S fet+ B#!e # 'o"ito!s 0 !ti$i0 "ts "( 4e"(o!s i" the 0!o-! ' f!o' /#(i$i l

st "(0oi"t, )hile the I"stit#te of P# li$ L ) 0!o4i(es i"fo!' tio" "( !eso#!$es to

those i"4ol4e( )ith the 0!o-! ', i"$l#(i"- list of 00!o4e( 4e"(o!s "( thei!

lo$ tio"s, "( ho) to 00l+ fo! " i"te!lo$% li$e"se1 Offe"(e!s )ho !e7#i!e "

>>


90/258

i-"itio" i"te!lo$% '#st (!i4e it )ith s0e$i l i"te!lo$% li$e"se, )hi$h $osts J 61 3 to

o t i"1 Afte! the (e4i$e is i"st lle(, the 0 !ti$i0 "ts '#st h 4e the (e4i$e se!4i$e( t

4e"(o! lo$ tio" e4e!+ 3 ( +s1 It $osts J fo! i"st ll tio", "( 00!o5i' tel+ J? 3

0e! +e ! to ' i"t i" The I"stit#te of P# li$ L ), 933 1

I" the 9339 TIRF st#(+ fo! the st te, /#(-es i" Ne) Me5i$o liste( the to0 fi4e

0!o le's !e s the+ f $e i" D&I s "$tio"i"- s se"te"$e 'o"ito!i"-, !e$o!(2%ee0i"-,

e4i(e"ti !+ 0!o le's, f il#!e to 00e !, "( 'otio"s "( $o"ti"# "$es1 These !es#lts

!e si'il ! to the " tio")i(e fi"(i"-s1

.#(-es i" the Ne) Me5i$o !e0o!t s i( th t " o4e!)hel'i"- "#' e! of D&I$ ses $o' i"e( )ith 0oo! $o''#"i$ tio" et)ee" 0!o tio" offi$e!s "( the $o#!ts

' %e it e5t!e'el+ (iffi$#lt to 'o"ito! ll offe"(e!s1 The+ !e$o''e"(e( 'o!e

i"te! $tio" et)ee" $o#!ts "( s "$tio"i"- 0!o-! 's to 'i"i'i*e the iss#e1 Ne)

Me5i$o /#(-es lso s#00o!te( i'0le'e"t tio" of D&I $o#!ts to h "(le the 4ol#'e of

$ ses, (es0ite 0!e4io#s 'is$o''#"i$ tio" "( (is -!ee'e"ts !e- !(i"- offe"se

s "$tio"i"-1

I" $$#! te "( #" 4 il le !e$o!(s )e!e lso "ote( s 0!o le' i" Ne)

Me5i$o1 &itho#t !e4ie)i"- $o'0lete (!i4i"- "( offe"se !e$o!(s fo! e $h $ se,

/#(-es fi"( it (iffi$#lt to iss#e 00!o0!i te s "$tio"s1 A- i" the /#(-es !e$o''e"(e(

e"h "$e( $o''#"i$ tio" et)ee" the $o#!ts "( l ) e"fo!$e'e"t, s )ell s

' "( to!+ l$ohol e4 l# tio"s fo! D&I offe"(e!s to i'0!o4e s "$tio"i"-1 Si'il !l+,

e4i(e"ti !+ 0!o le's !ise f!o' the l $% of s#ffi$ie"t !e$o!(s 4 il le to /#(-es1

Res0o"(e"ts i"(i$ te( ette! t! i"i"- fo! /#(-es "( 0oli$e offi$e!s )o#l( est e"s#!e

>?


91/258

the i"fo!' tio" $olle$te( i" D&I $ se is 00!o0!i te "( $o'0!ehe"si4e fo!

s "$tio"i"-1 A ette! #"(e!st "(i"- of l$ohol !e th testi"- )o#l( lso e e"efi$i l1

Mo!e D&I $ ses i" Ne) Me5i$o !e $h the t!i l st -e th " the " tio")i(e

4e! -e, +et f il#!es to 00e ! "( e5$essi4e 'otio"s "( $o"ti"# "$es (el + $o#!t

!#li"-s "( h#!t D&I 0!ose$#tio" effo!ts1 .#(-e sho00i"- is ' /o! f $to! i" the

0!o le' si"$e (efe"( "ts )ho se !$h fo! le"ie"t /#(-es ofte" (el + thei! 0!o$ee(i"-s

"( (( to $ selo ( $%#01 Ne) Me5i$o /#(-es s#--este( e" $ti"- st!i$te! l )s to

li'it the "#' e! of $o"ti"# "$es llo)e( i" D&I $ ses "( st!e 'li"e the t!i l

0!o$ess1Re$e"tl+ $o'0li$ tio"s et)ee" 0!o-! ' ('i"ist! to!s "( 4e"(o!s h 4e

lso "e- ti4el+ i'0 $te( Ne) Me5i$o;s i"te!lo$% 0!o-! '1 So'e 4e"(o!s

$o'0l i"e( to the Al #7#e!7#e .o#!" l i" .#"e 933 th t the 0!o-! ' offi$i ls;

!efe!! ls to $e!t i" 4e"(o! lo$ tio"s )e!e (et! $ti"- f!o' thei! o)" #si"ess1 The

iss#e ) s i"4esti- te( "( !esol4e(, +et T! ffi$ S fet+ B#!e # offi$i l s i( 0!o le's

et)ee" offi$i ls "( 4e"(o!s ' + 0e!sist )hile the 0!o-! ' is !el ti4el+ "e)

K 4 " #-h, 933 1

Des0ite i"te! -e"$+ 0!o le's, the i"te!lo$% i"iti ti4e itself h s 0!o4e" to e

e5t!e'el+ s#$$essf#l1 D#!i"- the fi!st th!ee "( h lf +e !s of the 0!o-! ',

00!o5i' tel+ 9,= 3 0eo0le )e!e o!(e!e( to i"st ll i"te!lo$%s "( of those o"l+ th!ee

0e!$e"t h 4e ee" !e !!este(1 I" $o"t! st, 69 0e!$e"t of offe"(e!s )ho (i( "ot i"st ll

i"te!lo$%s )e!e !e !!este( i" th t s 'e 0e!io(1 Also, i" 933= the S "t Fe Ne)

Me5i$ " esti' te( th t the 0!o-! ' h ( 0!e4e"te( ,333 i"$i(e"$es of (!#"%

(!i4i"- si"$e its i"$e0tio"1 Ne) Me5i$o le-isl to!s !es0o"(e( to this s#$$ess )ith

?3


92/258

Ho#se Bill 69 i" 933=, )hi$h 0!o0ose( (e4i$e i"st ll tio" fo! ll "e) 4ehi$les1

Ho)e4e! o00o"e"ts h 4e st!esse( the "ee( to %ee0 the fo$#s o" offe"(e!s, "( the ill

h s +et to 0 ss th!o#-h the Se" te .#(i$i !+ Co''ittee G! ''e!, 933= 1

Re- !(less of the l test 0!o0os l, Ne) Me5i$o;s 933 i"te!lo$% l )s )ill

i"$o!0o! te '#$h l !-e! "#' e!s of 0 !ti$i0 "ts i"to the 0!o-! ' s it !e7#i!es e4e"

fi!st2ti'e offe"(e!s to i"st ll (e4i$e1 B+ 933< the st te h ( f lle" f!o' se$o"( to

si5th i" thei! ! "%i"- fo! D&I2!el te( (e ths, "( s !es#lt of the "e) l )s the

!e(#$tio" i" D&I offe"ses is e50e$te( to $o"ti"#e1 The st te e"/o+s $o"siste"t

s#00o!t i" (!i"%2(!i4i"- "( i"te!lo$% 'e s#!es f!o' its Go4e!"o! Bill Ri$h !(so" s)ell s its le-isl t#!e, )ho i" ((itio" to (4o$ ti"- i"te!lo$%s i" e4e!+ 4ehi$le h 4e

0#she( to lo)e! the st te;s 313> BAC li'it M sse+, 933= 1

DW& and &nterlock 'ystem Trends in (alifornia

D!i"% (!i4i"- is 0e!siste"t 0# li$ s fet+ 0!o le' fo! the st te of C lifo!"i

s )ell1 A$$o!(i"- to the C lifo!"i Hi-h) + P t!ol, 6, 0eo0le (ie( "( 3

)e!e i"/#!e( i" l$ohol2!el te( $ ! $$i(e"ts i" 9336 DeYo#"-, M ste", T shi'

933= 1 Th!o#-ho#t the 6? 3s "( 6?>3s, the st te #"(e!too% se!ies of i"iti ti4es to

!e(#$e the 0!o le', #t + the 'i(26??3s these effo!ts h ( st lle( "( le-isl to!s

"ee(e( f!esh 00!o $h DeYo#"-, M ste", T shi' 933= 1

The!e ) s still -!e t l $% of i"fo!' tio" o" (e4i$e effe$ti4e"ess i" 6?>

)he" C lifo!"i e$ 'e the fi!st st te to -i4e /#(-es le- l #tho!it+ to o!(e!

i"te!lo$%s1 Th t 0ilot 0!o-! ', e" $te( th!o#-h the F !!2D 4is S fet+ A$t, - 4e

/#(-es i" fo#! $o#"ties the (is$!etio" to ' "( te the (e4i$e fo! "+ D8I offe"(e!1

The l ) i"$l#(e( 0!o4isio" to (is$o"ti"#e the (e4i$es sho#l( the+ 0!o4e i"effe$ti4e,

?6


93/258

s )ell s !e7#i!e'e"t th t the !es#lts of the 0!o-! ' e e4 l# te( t its fi"ish

DeYo#"-, 9339 1 A st#(+ + the EMT G!o#0 i" 6??3 fo#"( th t the!e ) s "o

st tisti$ l (iffe!e"$e i" s# se7#e"t D8I $o"4i$tio"s fo! those D8I offe"(e!s )ho

i"st lle( the (e4i$e "( those )ho (i( "ot DeYo#"-, 9339 1 Tho#-h the st#(+ #se(

st tisti$ l "( (esi-" $o"t!ols, /#(i$i l "( self2sele$tio" i ses ' + h 4e i"fl#e"$e(

these !es#lts1

Re- !(less of the EMT !es#lts, the C lifo!"i le-isl t#!e $hose to $o"ti"#e the

#se of i"te!lo$%s fo! D8I offe"(e!s, "( i" 6??3 0 sse( AB 93=3 )hi$h e50 "(e( the

i"te!lo$% se"te"$i"- o0tio" st te)i(e1 As )ith the F !!2D 4is $t, /#(-es )e!e t thei! o)" (is$!etio" )he" ' "( ti"- the (e4i$e "( $o#l( (o so fo! "+ D8I offe"(e!1 Yet

' "+ /#(-es )e!e #"f 'ili ! )ith o! h ( little f ith i" the ilit+ of the i"te!lo$% to

!e(#$e D8I !e$i(i4is', so fe) /#(-es $t# ll+ #se( the se"te"$e1 To $i!$#'4e"t

/#(i$i l

advancing ignition interlock

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